Related Research Articles
The Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, also known as the Muckleshoot Tribe, is a federally-recognized tribe located in Auburn, Washington. The tribe governs the Muckleshoot Reservation and is composed of descendants of the Duwamish, Stkamish, Smulkamish, Skopamish, Yilalkoamish, and Upper Puyallup peoples. The Muckleshoot Indian Tribe was formally established in 1936, after the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, but its origins lie in the creation of the Muckleshoot Reservation in 1874 and the treaties of Medicine Creek (1854) and Point Elliott (1855).
Seattle was a leader of the Duwamish and Suquamish peoples. A leading figure among his people, he pursued a path of accommodation to white settlers, forming a personal relationship with Doc Maynard. The city of Seattle, in the U.S. state of Washington, was named after him. A widely publicized speech arguing in favor of ecological responsibility and respect for Native Americans' land rights had been attributed to him.
The Stillaguamish people are a Southern Coast Salish people Indigenous to the Stillaguamish River valley in northwestern Washington State in the United States, near the city of Arlington, Washington. The Stillaguamish speak Northern Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language. Although usage of the language has declined, there are ongoing revitalization efforts by the Stillaguamish Tribe.
The Duwamish are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people in western Washington, and the Indigenous people of metropolitan Seattle.
The Sauk-SuiattleIndian Tribe is a federally-recognized tribe of Sauk people located in western Washington state. The tribe historically lived along the banks of the Sauk, Suiattle, Cascade, Stillaguamish, and Skagit rivers, in the area known as Sauk Prairie at the foot of Whitehorse Mountain in the North Cascade Range.
Lushootseed, historically known as Puget Salish, Puget Sound Salish, or Skagit-Nisqually, is a Central Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Lushootseed is the general name for the dialect continuum composed of two main dialects, Northern Lushootseed and Southern Lushootseed, which are further separated into smaller sub-dialects.
The Stillaguamish River is a river in the northwestern region of the U.S. state of Washington. It is mainly composed of two forks, the longer North Fork Stillaguamish and the South Fork Stillaguamish. The two forks join near Arlington. From there the Stillaguamish River proper flows for 22 miles (35 km) to Puget Sound. The river's watershed drains part of the Cascade Range north of Seattle.
The Snohomish people are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people who are indigenous to the Puget Sound region of Washington State. Most Snohomish are enrolled in the Tulalip Tribes of Washington and reside on the reservation or nearby, although others are enrolled in other tribes, and some are members of the non-recognized Snohomish Tribe of Indians. Traditionally, the Snohomish occupied a wide area of land, including the Snohomish River, parts of Whidbey and Camano Islands, and the nearby coastline of Skagit Bay and Puget Sound. They had at least 25 permanent villages throughout their lands, but in 1855, signed the Treaty of Point Elliott and were relocated to the Tulalip Reservation. Although some moved to the reservation, the harsh conditions, lack of land, and oppressive policies of the United States government caused many to leave.
Southern Lushootseed, also called Twulshootseed or Whulshootseed in the Muckleshoot and Snoqualmie dialects, is the southern dialect of Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language in western Washington State. It was historically spoken by the Muckleshoot, Puyallup, Suquamish, Duwamish, Nisqually, and Squaxin Island tribes. The last native speaker was Ellen Williams (1923–2016) and her death rendered the language extinct.
Kitsap was a leader of the Suquamish people during the 19th century. Kitsap was the orchestrator of a region-wide coalition that sought to end the constant slave raids perpetrated by the Cowichan. His wealth and prestige allowed him to build the Old Man House, one of the most famous longhouses on Puget Sound. Kitsap, who met one of the first European expeditions into Puget Sound, was quick to ally with European traders, and set a precedent for Suquamish attitudes toward white settlers in the future.
The Sammamish people are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people. They are indigenous to the Sammamish River Valley in central King County, Washington. The Sammamish speak Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language which was historically spoken across most of Puget Sound, although its usage today is mostly reserved for cultural and ceremonial practices.
Chief Patkanim was chief of the Snoqualmoo (Snoqualmie) and Snohomish tribe in what is now modern Washington state.
The Intertribal Canoe Journey is a celebrated event of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Organizers call it the Canoe Journey or Intertribal Canoe Journey, and colloqually Tribal Journeys. It is also referred to by its destination, i.e. Paddle to Muckleshoot.
The Upper Skagit Indian Tribe is a federally-recognized Indian tribe located in the U.S. state of Washington. The tribe is the successor-in-interest to approximately eleven historic tribes which had many permanent villages along the Skagit River in what is now Skagit County.
The Snoqualmie people are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the Snoqualmie Valley, located in east King and Snohomish counties in the state of Washington.
The Kikiallus people are a Lushootseed-speaking Coast Salish people Indigenous to parts of western Washington.
The Steilacoompeople are Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people, indigenous to the southern Puget Sound region of Washington state.
The Skykomish are a Lushootseed-speaking Coast Salish people indigenous to the Skykomish Valley in the Cascade Mountains of Washington.
The Puyallup are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the Puget Sound region of Washington state. They are primarily enrolled in and represented by the Puyallup Tribe of Indians, a federally-recognized Indian tribe located near Tacoma.
References
- ↑ Hess, Thom, "Introduction", Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar, vol I.
- ↑ Miller, Jay (1997). "Back to Basics: Chiefdoms in Puget Sound". Ethnohistory. 44 (2): 375–387. doi:10.2307/483373. ISSN 0014-1801. JSTOR 483373.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Collins, June M. (1974). Valley of the Spirits: The Upper Skagit Indians of Western Washington.
- ↑ Waterman, T.T. (2001). sdaʔdaʔ gʷəɬ dibəɬ ləšucid ʔacaciɬtalbixʷ - Puget Sound Geographical Names. Seattle: Lushootseed Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Bates, Dawn; Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1994). Lushootseed Dictionary. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-97323-4.
- ↑ Richardson, Allan; Galloway, Brent (2011). Nooksack Place Names: Geography, Culture, and Language. Vancouver: UBC Press.
- 1 2 "Sauk-Suiattle - Index". sauk-suiattle.com. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- ↑ "Puyallup Tribal Language - Home". www.puyalluptriballanguage.org. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- ↑ "The Suquamish Tribe – Home of the Suquamish People" . Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- 1 2 3 Smith, Marian W. (1941). "The Coast Salish of Puget Sound". American Anthropologist . 43 (2): 197–211. doi:10.1525/aa.1941.43.2.02a00050. JSTOR 662952 – via JSTOR.
- ↑ Hutchinson, Chase (March 1, 2021). "Estuary has new name, honoring tribe; you'll need to watch a video to pronounce it". The News Tribune. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- ↑ ":: Nisqually Indian Tribe Home Page". www.nisqually-nsn.gov. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Who We Are – Squaxin Island Tribe" . Retrieved September 24, 2023.
- 1 2 3 Tollefson, Kenneth D. (1987). "The Snoqualmie: A Puget Sound Chiefdom". Ethnology. 26 (2): 124. doi:10.2307/3773450. JSTOR 3773450 – via JSTOR.
Bibliography
- Hess, Thom (1995). Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar. Vol. I. Dallas: Tulalip Tribes. ISBN 1879763117. LCCN 95-060060.
Lushootseed-speaking peoples of Puget Sound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lushootseed language |
|  | ||||
| Culture |
| |||||
| Peoples |
| |||||
| Federally recognized tribes | ||||||
| Reservations | ||||||
| Non-recognized groups | ||||||