List of Parliaments of Ireland

Last updated

This is a list of Parliaments of Ireland to 1801. For subsequent Parliaments, see the list of Parliaments of the United Kingdom. For post-1918 Parliaments, see elections in Ireland. Parliaments before 1264 are not currently listed.

MonarchSequenceOpenedDismissedCommons Speaker (date [n 1] )SessionsGeneral CouncilsCouncilsLocations (no. sessions)Notes
Henry III 118 June 1264c.29 September 1269None2 Castledermot
Edward I 129 September 12769 April 1307191 Dublin (13); Kildare (1); Kilkenny (4)"Wogan's Parliament" of 1297 was the first with representatives elected by counties.
Edward II 19 February 13108 July 132614Dublin (6), Kildare (1), Kilmainham (1), Kilkenny (5).
Edward III 110 May 13278 January 13772989Dublin (20), Ballydoyle/Cashel (1), Kilkenny (11).The Statutes of Kilkenny were passed by the 1366 session.
Richard II 114 January 1378Summer 139613511Dublin (4), Trim (1), Kilkenny (2), Castledermot (4).
Henry IV 1Spring 14014 February 14121325Dublin (7), New Ross (1), Kilkenny (2) Waterford (2).
Henry VI 114259 February 145932171Dublin (25), Trim (1), Naas (2), Drogheda (5), Kilkenny (1).
Henry VI27 February 146021 July 1460Drogheda (1), DublinThe parliament was assembled by Richard of York and declared that "the land of Ireland is, and at all times has been, corporate of itself". [1] [2] The 1495 statute 10 Henry VII c.23 annulled this parliament. [3]
Edward IV 112 June 1461after 7 February 148361Dublin (31), Bray (1), Trim (2), Naas (5), Limerick (1), Drogheda (15), Connell, County Kildare (1), Wexford (1), Waterford (1)In 1478, Garret Mór, Earl of Kildare refused to yield the Lord Deputyship to Lord Grey. A Parliament summoned by Grey at Trim on 6 November 1478 annulled one summoned by Kildare at Naas in May. [4]
Richard III 119 March 1484After 148562Dublin (3), Naas.
Henry VII 114 July 1486after July 15092011Dublin (9), Castledermot (2), Trim (2), Drogheda (4). Poynings' Parliament (1494–5) passed Poynings' Law (10 Hen.7 c.4)
"Edward VI" (Lambert Simnel)May/June 1487June/October 148711DublinParliament summoned by Lord Deputy Kildare considered void; the 1495 statute 10 Henry VII c.14 may have annulled it. [5]
Henry VIII 125 February 15162 October 15163Dublin (3)
Henry VIII 24 June 152121 March 15227Dublin (7)
Henry VIII 315 September 153131 October 15312Dublin (1), Drogheda (1)
Henry VIII 419 May 1533after 2 October 15333Dublin (3)
Henry VIII 51 May 153620 December 1537At least 9Dublin (at least 6) Kilkenny (1), Cashel (1), Limerick (1)Instigated the Reformation in Ireland
Henry VIII 613 June 154119 November 1543Sir Thomas Cusack (c. 13 June 1541)8Dublin (6), Trim (1), Limerick (1)Passed the Crown of Ireland Act 1542
Mary I 11 June 15571 March 1558 James Stanihurst 3Dublin (1), Limerick (1), Drogheda (1)
Elizabeth I 112 January 15601 February 1560James Stanihurst1Dublin
Elizabeth I217 January 156925 April 1571James Stanihurst10Dublin (9), Drogheda (1)
Elizabeth I326 April 158514 May 1586 Nicholas Walsh 7
James I 118 May 161324 October 1615Sir John Davies 3First Irish parliament with a Protestant majority, achieved largely (following the Ulster plantation) by the creation of new boroughs by the king, many of which were little more than villages or empty plots of land. [6]
Charles I 1 14 July 163418 April 1635Sir Nathaniel Catelyn 4
Charles I 2 16 March 163930 January 1649 [7] List Sir Maurice Eustace 6
Interregnum 30 Irish MPs sat at Westminster in the Protectorate Parliament (1653–59)
Charles II 18 May 16617 August 1666 List Sir Audley Mervyn 4
James II 17 May 168918 July 1689 List Sir Richard Nagle 1 Patriot Parliament convened by Jacobites after the Revolution of 1688. The Irish act 7 Will. III, c. 3 (1695) annulled all actions of this "pretended Parliament" and ordered its records burnt. [8] [9]
William III and Mary II 15 October 169226 June 1693 List Sir Richard Levinge 1
William III227 August 169514 June 1699 List Robert Rochfort 2
Anne 121 September 17036 May 1713 List Alan Brodrick 6
John Forster (19 May 1710)
Anne225 November 17131 August 1714 List Alan Brodrick1Dissolved by the death of the Queen
George I 112 November 171511 June 1727 List William Conolly 6Dissolved by the death of the King
George II 128 November 172725 October 1760 List William Conolly17Dissolved by the death of the King
Sir Ralph Gore (13 October 1729)
Henry Boyle (4 October 1733)
John Ponsonby (26 April 1756)
George III 122 October 176128 May 1768 List John Ponsonby4The Octennial Act passed in 1768 limited parliaments to a term of 8 years at most
George III217 October 17695 April 1776 List John Ponsonby5
Edmund Sexton Pery (7 March 1771)
George III318 June 177625 July 1783 List Edmund Sexton Pery4The Constitution of 1782 instigated Grattan's Parliament
George III414 October 17838 April 1790 List Edmund Sexton Pery7
John Foster (5 September 1785)
George III52 July 179011 July 1797 List John Foster8
George III69 January 179831 December 1800 List John Foster3Dissolved by the Acts of Union 1800
  1. Where no date is given, the speaker took the chair at the opening of Parliament

The Kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain joined on 1 January 1801. For subsequent Parliaments see the list of Parliaments of the United Kingdom.

Related Research Articles

Irish House of Commons Lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until 1800

The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary England and Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

Monarchy of Ireland Historical method of Government in Ireland.

Monarchical systems of government have existed in Ireland from ancient times. In the south this continued until the early twentieth century, when it transitioned to the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland, as part of the United Kingdom, remains under a monarchical system of government.

Parliament of Ireland Former parliament of Ireland

The Parliament of Ireland was the legislature of the Lordship of Ireland, and later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1297 until 1800. It was modelled on the Parliament of England and from 1537 comprised two chambers: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Lords were members of the Irish peerage and bishops. The Commons was directly elected, albeit on a very restricted franchise. Parliaments met at various places in Leinster and Munster, but latterly always in Dublin: in Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin Castle, Chichester House (1661–1727), the Blue Coat School (1729–31), and finally a purpose-built Parliament House on College Green.

His or Her Majesty's Privy Council in Ireland, commonly called the Privy Council of Ireland, Irish Privy Council, or in earlier centuries the Irish Council, was the institution within the Dublin Castle administration which exercised formal executive power in conjunction with the chief governor of Ireland, who was viceroy of the British monarch. The council evolved in the Lordship of Ireland on the model of the Privy Council of England; as the English council advised the king in person, so the Irish council advised the viceroy, who in medieval times was a powerful Lord Deputy. In the early modern period the council gained more influence at the expense of the viceroy, but in the 18th century lost influence to the Parliament of Ireland. In the post-1800 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Irish Privy Council and viceroy Lord Lieutenant had formal and ceremonial power, while policy formulation rested with a Chief Secretary directly answerable to the British cabinet. The council comprised senior public servants, judges, and parliamentarians, and eminent men appointed for knowledge of public affairs or as a civic honour.

Wexford County was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, which returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the United Kingdom House of Commons.

Lords Justices of Ireland

The Lords Justices were deputies who acted collectively in the absence of the chief governor of Ireland as head of the executive branch of the Dublin Castle administration. Lords Justices were sworn in at a meeting of the Privy Council of Ireland.

Cork City was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons to 1800.

Baltimore was a potwalloper constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons from 1614 to 1801.

Castlemartyr was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons from 1676 to 1800.

Ardfert was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of Ireland until the Act of Union 1800.

Bishop of Kilmore

The Bishop of Kilmore is an episcopal title which takes its name after the parish of Kilmore, County Cavan in Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.

The Bishop of Meath is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient Kingdom of Meath. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains as a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with another bishopric.

Events from the year 1350 in Ireland.

Events from the year 1351 in Ireland.

Events from the year 1337 in Ireland.

Armagh County was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons, the house of representatives of the Kingdom of Ireland, until 1800.

Restoration (Ireland)

The Restoration of the monarchy began in 1660. The Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (1649–60) resulted from the Wars of the Three Kingdoms but collapsed in 1659. Politicians such as General Monck tried to ensure a peaceful transition of government from the "Commonwealth" republic back to monarchy. From 1 May 1660 the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under King Charles II. The term Restoration may apply both to the actual event by which the monarchy was restored, and to the period immediately before and after the event.

Upper Ossory

Upper Ossory was an administrative barony in the south and west of Queen's County in Ireland. In late Gaelic Ireland it was the túath of the Mac Giolla Phádraig (Fitzpatrick) family and surviving remnant of the once larger kingdom of Ossory. The northernmost part of the Diocese of Ossory and medieval County Kilkenny, it was transferred to the newly created Queen's County in 1600. In the 1840s its three component cantreds, Clarmallagh, Clandonagh, and Upperwoods, were promoted to barony status, thereby superseding Upper Ossory.

The Great Seal of Ireland was the seal used until 1922 by the Dublin Castle administration to authenticate important state documents in Ireland, in the same manner as the Great Seal of the Realm in England. The Great Seal of Ireland was used from at least the 1220s in the Lordship of Ireland and the ensuing Kingdom of Ireland, and remained in use when the island became part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922), just as the Great Seal of Scotland remained in use after the Act of Union 1707. After 1922, the single Great Seal of Ireland was superseded by the separate Great Seal of the Irish Free State and Great Seal of Northern Ireland for the respective jurisdictions created by the partition of Ireland.

References

  1. Lydon, James F. (Summer 1995). "'Ireland Corporate of itself' the Parliament of 1460". History Ireland. 3 (2). JSTOR   27724246.
  2. Curtis, Edmund; McDowell, Robert Brendan (1968). Irish historical documents, 1172-1922. Barnes & Noble. p. 73.
  3. Ireland (1765). "Chap. XXIII An Act repealing a Parliament holden at Drogheda, before Robert Prestone, lord of Gormanstowne. Rot. Parl. cap. 40". The Statutes at Large: From the third year of Edward the Second, A.D. 1310, to the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth years of James the First, A.D. 1612, inclusive. Vol.1. B. Grierson. p. 57.|volume= has extra text (help)
  4. 1Statute 8 Edw. 4 sess. 3 c. 6; Edwards, R. Dudley; Moody, T. W.; Otway-Ruthven, Jocelyn; Quinn, David B.; Richardson, H. G. (1942). "Parliaments and Great Councils in Ireland, 1461-1586". Irish Historical Studies. 3 (9): 60–77: 67. ISSN   0021-1214. JSTOR   30005995.
  5. Ellis, S. G. (1980). "Parliaments and Great Councils, 1483-99: Addenda et Corrigenda". Analecta Hibernica. Irish Manuscripts Commission (29): 96, 98–111 : 101–102. JSTOR   25511959.
  6. Clarke, Aidan (1976). A New History of Ireland, Volume III, Early Modern Ireland, 1534-1691, edited by T. W. Moody, F.X. Martin and F.J. Byrne. Oxford : Clarendon Press. p. 213.
  7. Dissolved by the King's death
  8. Statutes Passed in the Parliaments Held in Ireland: 1665-1712. George Grierson, printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1794. pp. 241–3.
  9. Davis, Thomas Osborne. "The Irish Parliament of James II". CELT. University College Cork. p. 54. Retrieved 18 May 2017.