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Jacobitism was a political movement that supported the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the British throne. The name derives from the first name of James II of England, which is rendered in Latin as Jacobus. When James went into exile after the November 1688 Glorious Revolution, the Parliament of England argued that he had abandoned the English throne, which they offered to his Protestant daughter Mary II of England, and her husband William III. In April, the Scottish Convention held that he "forfeited" the throne of Scotland by his actions, listed in the Articles of Grievances.
The Williamite War in Ireland took place from March 1689 to October 1691. Fought between supporters of James II and his successor, William III, it resulted in a Williamite victory. It is generally viewed as a related conflict of the 1688 to 1697 Nine Years' War.
Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, was an Irish politician, courtier and soldier.
The Nonjuring schism refers to a split in the established churches of England, Scotland and Ireland, following the deposition and exile of James II and VII in the 1688 Glorious Revolution. As a condition of office, clergy were required to swear allegiance to the ruling monarch; for various reasons, some refused to take the oath to his successors William III and II and Mary II. These individuals were referred to as Non-juring, from the Latin verb iūrō, or jūrō, meaning "to swear an oath".
Earl of Tyrconnell is a title that has been created four times in the Peerage of Ireland.
Frances Talbot, Countess of Tyrconnell, also called La Belle Jennings, was a maid of honour to the Duchess of York and, like her sister Sarah, a famous beauty at the Restoration court. She married first George Hamilton and then Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell. She was vicereine in Dublin Castle while Tyrconnell was viceroy of Ireland for James II. She lived through difficult times after the death of her second husband, who was attainted as a Jacobite, but recovered some of his wealth and died a devout Catholic despite having been raised as a Protestant.
A Williamite was a follower of King William III of England who deposed King James II and VII in the Glorious Revolution. William, the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, replaced James with the support of English Whigs.
John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort, styled Duke of Melfort in the Jacobite peerage, was a Scottish politician and close advisor to James II. A Catholic convert, Melfort and his brother the Earl of Perth consistently urged James not to compromise with his opponents, contributing to his increasing isolation and ultimate deposition in the 1688 Glorious Revolution.
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Patrick Tyrrell, O.F.M. was an Irish prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the Bishop of Clogher (1676–1689), Vicar Apostolic of Kilmore (1678–1689), and Bishop of Meath (1689–1692). A prominent Jacobite, he was appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland in 1688.
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Events from the year 1686 in Ireland.
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William Stewart, 1st Viscount Mountjoy (1653–1692), was an Anglo-Irish soldier.
Sir Richard Nagle was an Irish Jacobite politician and lawyer. He held the positions of Attorney-General for Ireland, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, Lord Justice of Ireland and Secretary of State and War for Ireland under King James II. He fled to France in 1691, joining James II at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, where he resumed his duties as nominal Secretary of State and War. He later served as Commissioner of the Household.
Sir Stephen Rice (1637–1715) was Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland and a notable supporter of James II.
Anthony Dopping was the Anglican Bishop of Meath, Ireland.
Sir William Talbot, 3rd BaronetPC (Ire) was the last of the Talbot baronets of Carton: his title was forfeited on account of his loyalty to King James II of England. He was an Irish politician and judge, who served briefly as Master of the Rolls in Ireland.
Francis Plowden was an English Jacobite politician, official and courtier who rose to prominence while serving James II of England in Ireland.
References
- ↑ Harris 2007, p. 437.
- 1 2 Moody, Martin & Byrne 2009, p. 489.
- ↑ Stater 2004.
- ↑ G.E.C., ed. Vicary Gibbs and H. Arthur Doubleday, The Complete Peerage , vol. III (1913) Appendix D.
- ↑ The Complete Peerage, vol. III, p. 117.
- ↑ John D'Alton, King James's Irish Army List, vol. II (1861) p. 413.
- ↑ King James's Irish Army List, vol. II, p. 182.
- ↑ Szechi 1994, pp. 47–48.
- ↑ McGuire 2004, p. Online.
- ↑ "Imposition on Grants". House of Commons Journal. London: British History Online. 12: 278–280. 20 May 1698. Retrieved 18 May 2017.