List of Polish mathematicians

A list of notable Polish mathematicians:

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Name	Image	Born	Died
Bruno Abakanowicz		6 Oct 1852 Ukmergė	29 Aug 1900 Paris
Kazimierz Abramowicz		4 Mar 1889 [1] [2] Brzeziny	10 Sep 1936 [1] [2] Poznań
Andrzej Alexiewicz		11 Feb 1917 [3] Lviv	11 Jul 1995 [3] Poznań
Krzysztof R. Apt		1949 Katowice
Nachman Aronszajn		26 Jul 1907 [4] Warsaw	5 Feb 1980 [4] Corvallis
Tytus Babczyński		1830 [5] [1] [2] Warsaw	1910 [5] [1] [2]
Stefan Banach		30 Mar 1892 [6] [7] [4] Kraków [6] [8]	31 Aug 1945 [6] [8] [9] Lviv [6] [8] [10]
Tadeusz Banachiewicz		13 Feb 1882 [11] [12] [4] Warsaw [11]	17 Nov 1954 [11] [12] [4] Kraków [12]
Feliks Barański		May 1915 Lviv	2006 [1] [2] Kraków
Kazimierz Bartel		3 Mar 1882 [13] [14] [15] Lviv [13]	26 Jul 1941 [13] [14] [16] Lviv [13]
Tomek Bartoszyński		16 May 1957 Warsaw
Andrzej Białynicki-Birula		26 Dec 1935 Navahrudak	19 Apr 2021 [17]
Mieczysław Biernacki		30 Mar 1891 [18] Lublin	21 Nov 1959 [18] Lublin
Karol Borsuk		8 May 1905 [19] [20] [21] Warsaw [19] [21]	24 Jan 1982 [19] [20] [21] Warsaw [19]
Jerzy Browkin		5 Nov 1934 Lukiv	23 Nov 2015 Warsaw
Jan Brożek		1 Nov 1585 Kurzelów	21 Nov 1652 Bronowice Małe, Kraków
Albert Brudzewski		1445 [1] [22] Kalisz, Brudzew	1497 [1] [22] Vilnius
Leon Chwistek		13 Jun 1884 [23] [24] [25] Kraków [25]	20 Aug 1944 [25] [23] [15] Barvikha [26] [27] , Barvikha
Zbigniew Ciesielski		1 Oct 1934 [28] Gdańsk [28]	5 Oct 2020 Sopot
Kazimierz Cwojdziński		8 Jan 1878 Plewiska	12 Aug 1948 Poznań
Adam Danielewicz		23 Dec 1846 Koźminek	25 Jun 1935 Warsaw
Ryszard Engelking		16 Nov 1935 Sosnowiec	16 Nov 2023 Warsaw
Tadeusz Figiel		2 Jul 1948 Gdańsk
Kajetan Garbiński		1796 [29] [1] [2] Warsaw	1847 [1] [2] Warsaw
Stanisław Gołąb		26 Jul 1902 [30] [31] [32] Travnik [30]	30 Apr 1980 [30] Kraków [30]
Stanisław Grzepski		1524 [5] [1] [33] , 1524	1570 [5] [1] [33] Kraków
Edward Jan Habich		31 Jan 1835 Warsaw	31 Oct 1909 Lima
Witold Hurewicz		29 Jun 1904 [34] [35] [4] Łódź [36]	6 Sep 1956 [34] [35] [4] Mérida [35] [37]
Henryk Iwaniec		9 Oct 1947 [38] Elbląg
Tadeusz Iwaniec		9 Oct 1947 Elbląg
Zygmunt Janiszewski		12 Jun 1888 [39] [40] Warsaw [41]	3 Jan 1920 [41] [39] Lviv [41]
Stanisław Jaśkowski		22 Apr 1906 Warsaw	16 Nov 1965 Warsaw
Mark Kac		3 Aug 1914 [42] [43] [4] Kremenets [43]	25 Oct 1984 [44] [45] [46] Los Angeles [44] [47]
Stefan Kaczmarz		20 Mar 1895 [48] Sambir [49] , Sambir	Sep 1939 [50] [1] [2] Poland [48]
Andrzej Kapiszewski		8 Sep 1948 Kraków	5 May 2007 Kraków
Marek Karpinski		25 Mar 1948
Dawid Kielak
Bronisław Knaster		22 May 1893 Warsaw	3 Nov 1980 Wrocław [51]
Adam Adamandy Kochański		5 Aug 1631 Dobrzyń nad Wisłą	17 May 1700 Teplice
Sławomir Kołodziej		12 Mar 1961 Bielsko-Biała
Stanisław Krajewski		1950 [52] [1] [53] Warsaw
Anna Zofia Krygowska		19 Sep 1904 Lviv	16 May 1988 Kraków
Zdzisław Krygowski		22 Dec 1872 [16] Lviv	10 Aug 1955 [16] Poznań
Adrian Krzyżanowski		8 Sep 1788, 1788 [54] , 7 Sep 1788 [54] Dębowo [54]	21 Aug 1852 [54] Warsaw [54]
Marek Kuczma		10 Oct 1935 [55] [56] Katowice	13 Jun 1991 [55] [56] Katowice
Krystyna Kuperberg		17 Jul 1944 [57] Tarnów
Włodzimierz Kuperberg		19 Jan 1941 [58]
Kazimierz Kuratowski		2 Feb 1896 [59] [60] [61] Warsaw [59] [8]	18 Jun 1980 [59] [60] [61] Warsaw [59]
Irena Lasiecka		4 Feb 1948 [62] Warsaw
Franciszek Leja		27 Jan 1885 [63] Grodzisko Górne	11 Oct 1979 [63] Kraków [63]
Mariusz Lemańczyk		3 Feb 1958 Toruń
Stanisław Leśniewski		30 Mar 1886 [64] [4] [65] Serpukhov	13 May 1939 [64] [4] [65] Warsaw
Marta Lewicka		23 Nov 1972 Gdańsk
Izabella Łaba		1966 [1]
Stanisław Łojasiewicz		9 Oct 1926 [66] [67] Warsaw [66]	14 Nov 2002 [66] [67] Italy
Jerzy Łoś		22 Mar 1920 [68] [69] [70] Lviv [68] [69]	1 Jun 1998 [68] [69] [70] Warsaw [68]
Tomasz Łuczak		13 Mar 1963 [71] Poznań
Jan Łukasiewicz		21 Dec 1878 [72] [73] [74] Lviv [72]	13 Feb 1956 [73] [72] [74] Dublin [72]
Zbigniew Marciniak		9 Apr 1952 Warsaw
Józef Marcinkiewicz		30 Mar 1910 [75] [76] Cimoszka [76]	1940 [76] [77] [1] Kharkiv [78] [79]
Edward Marczewski		15 Nov 1907 [80] [81] Warsaw [80]	17 Oct 1976 [80] [81] Wrocław [80]
Stefan Mazurkiewicz		25 Sep 1888 [82] [83] [84] Warsaw	19 Jun 1945 [82] [83] [84] Grodzisk Mazowiecki [84]
Jan Mikusiński		3 Apr 1913 [85] [86] Ivano-Frankivsk [86]	27 Jul 1987 [85] [86] Katowice
Witold Milewski		1817 [2] Poznań	1889 [2] Poznań
Michał Misiurewicz		9 Nov 1948 Warsaw
Andrzej Mostowski		1 Nov 1913 [87] [88] [89] Lviv [87]	22 Aug 1975 [87] [88] [89] Vancouver [87]
Jan Mycielski		7 Feb 1932 Wiśniowa
Edward Neuman		19 Sep 1943 Rydułtowy
Jerzy Neyman		16 Apr 1894 [90] [91] [4] Bender	5 Aug 1981 [90] [91] [4] Oakland
Otto M. Nikodym		13 Aug 1887 [92] [93] Zabolotiv [94]	4 May 1974 [92] [93] Utica [92] [94]
Andrew M. Odlyzko		23 Jul 1949 Tarnów
Czesław Olech		22 May 1931 [95] [96] [97] Pińczów [95]	1 Jul 2015 [96] [97] Warsaw [96]
Janusz Onyszkiewicz		18 Dec 1937 Lviv
Władysław Orlicz		24 May 1903 [98] [99] [100] Okocim [98] [100]	9 Aug 1990 [98] [100] Poznań [98] [100]
Zdzisław Pawlak		10 Nov 1926 [101] Łódź	7 Apr 2006 [101] Warsaw
Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt		30 Oct 1728 [102] , 1728 [103] Salomienka	8 Feb 1810, 1812 [103] Daugavpils
Emil Leon Post		11 Feb 1897 [104] [105] [4] Augustów [104]	21 Apr 1954 [104] [105] [4] New York City [104]
Przemysław Prusinkiewicz		1952 [106] [107] [2]
Józef Przytycki		14 Oct 1953 [108] Warsaw
Stanisław Radziszowski		7 Jun 1953 Gdańsk
Maksym Radziwill		24 Feb 1988 Moscow
Aleksander Rajchman		13 Nov 1890 [16] Warsaw	7 Jun 1940 [1] [2] [109] Sachsenhausen concentration camp [110]
Jan Rajewski		14 May 1857 [16]	1906 [2] Lviv
Marian Rejewski		16 Aug 1905 [111] [112] Bydgoszcz [113]	13 Feb 1980 [113] [112] [16] Warsaw [113]
Helena Rasiowa		20 Jun 1917 [114] [115] Vienna	9 Aug 1994 [114] [115] Warsaw
Jerzy Różycki		24 Jul 1909 [16] Vilshana	9 Jan 1942 [16] Mediterranean Sea
Jan Rusinek		2 Dec 1950 Kraków
Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński		29 Jul 1951 Częstochowa
Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski		7 Oct 1926 Vilnius	18 Sep 2015 Wrocław
Stanisław Saks		30 Dec 1897 [116] [117] [16] Kalisz	23 Nov 1942 [116] [117] [16] Warsaw
Wojciech Samotij		20th century, 1983 Wrocław
Juliusz Schauder		21 Sep 1899 [118] [16] Lviv	1943 [119] [120] [1] Lviv [119]
Marcin Schroeder		10 Jan 1953 Wrocław
Wacław Sierpiński		14 Mar 1882 Warsaw [121]	21 Oct 1969 [121] [122] [123] Warsaw [10]
Roman Sikorski		11 Jul 1920 [124] [125] [126] Mszczonów	12 Sep 1983 [124] [126] [16] Warsaw
Zdzisław Skupień		27 Nov 1938
Agata Smoktunowicz		12 Oct 1973 Warsaw
Joachim Stegmann		1595 [127] [1] [16] Neuruppin	1633 [128] [127] [1] Cluj-Napoca
Hugo Steinhaus		14 Jan 1887 [129] [130] [4] Jasło [129]	25 Feb 1972 [129] [130] [4] Wrocław [129]
Włodzimierz Stożek		23 Jul 1883 [131] [16] Velyki Mosty [132]	4 Jul 1941 [131] [16] [132] Lviv [131] [132]
Zofia Szmydt		29 Jul 1923 Warsaw	26 Nov 2010
Władysław Ślebodziński		6 Feb 1884 [133] Pysznica [133]	3 Jan 1972 [134] Wrocław
Jan Śniadecki		29 Aug 1756 [135] [136] [74] Żnin [137]	9 Nov 1830 [135] [74] [138] , 21 Nov 1830 [139] Jašiūnai
Alfred Tarski		14 Jan 1901 [140] [141] [142] Warsaw [140] [143] [144]	26 Oct 1983 [140] [141] [142] Berkeley [140]
Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann		8 Jun 1945 Paris	17 Jun 2022 Edmonton [145]
Andrzej Trybulec		29 Jan 1941 Kraków	11 Sep 2013 Białystok
Stanisław Trybuła		2 Jan 1932 Rafalivka	7 Jan 2008 Wrocław
Stanisław Ulam		13 Apr 1909 [146] [147] Lviv [148]	13 May 1984 [148] [149] [65] Santa Fe [148]
Kazimierz Urbanik		5 Feb 1930 [150] [151] Kremenets [151]	29 May 2005 [150] [151] Wrocław [151]
Arnold Walfisz		2 Jul 1892 [152] Warsaw	29 May 1962 [152] Tbilisi [152]
Mieczysław Warmus		1 Jun 1918	20 Sep 2007 Australia
Tadeusz Ważewski		24 Sep 1896 [153] [154] Horishnia Vyhnanka [155]	5 Sep 1972 [153] [154] Rabka-Zdrój [153]
Jan Węglarz		1947 [156] [2] [157] Poznań [157]
Witold Wilkosz		14 Aug 1891, 1891 [10] Kraków	31 Mar 1941, 1941 [10] Kraków
Vitello		1230 [5]	1275 [158] [77] [5] Abbaye de Vicogne [159]
Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński		23 Aug 1776 [160] , 24 Aug 1776 [161] , 23 Aug 1778 [162] Wolsztyn [161] [8]	8 Aug 1853 [162] , 9 Aug 1853 [161] Paris [161] [8]
Ignacy Zaborowski		2 Nov 1754	10 Jan 1803 Warsaw
Władysław Zajączkowski		12 Apr 1837 [163] Strzyżów [163]	8 Oct 1898, 7 Oct 1898 [163] Lviv [163]
Kazimierz Zarankiewicz		2 May 1902 [164] Częstochowa	5 Sep 1959 [164] London [164]
Stanisław Zaremba		3 Oct 1863 [165] [166] [167] Romanivka	23 Nov 1942 [165] [166] [167] Kraków [165]
Stanisław Krystyn Zaremba		1903 [168] [1] [2] Kraków [168]	1990 [168] [1] [2] Aberystwyth [168]
Olgierd Zienkiewicz		18 May 1921 [169] [170] [171] Caterham [171]	2 Jan 2009 [172] [169] [170] Swansea
Maciej Zworski		8 Oct 1963 Wrocław [173]
Henryk Zygalski		15 Jul 1908 [174] [16] Poznań	30 Aug 1978 [174] [16] Liss [174]
Antoni Zygmund		26 Dec 1900 [175] [176] [177] Warsaw [178]	30 May 1992 [178] [179] [180] Chicago [178]
Teofil Żebrawski		5 Apr 1800 [181] Wojnicz [181]	5 Feb 1887 [181] Kraków [181]
Kazimierz Żorawski		22 Jun 1866 [182] Szczuki, Masovian Voivodeship	23 Jan 1953 [182] Warsaw
Wawrzyniec Żmurko		9 Jul 1824 Yavoriv	3 Apr 1889 Lviv

References

1. NUKAT, Wikidata   Q11789729
2. MAK (in Polish), Wikidata   Q105192847
3. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Andrzej Alexiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
4. SNAC, Wikidata   Q29861311
5. CERL Thesaurus, Consortium of European Research Libraries, Wikidata   Q60909659
6. GND   11865697X
7. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Banach", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
8. А. М. Прохорова, ed. (1969), Большая советская энциклопедия: [в 30 т.] (in Russian) (3rd ed.), Moscow: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, OCLC   14476314, Wikidata   Q17378135
9. BnF   12281286
10. Czech National Authority Database, Wikidata   Q13550863
11. GND   11604781X
12. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Tadeusz Banachiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
13. GND   12348748X
14. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Bartel", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
15. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie (in German), Wikidata   Q237227
16. Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny (in Polish), Wikidata   Q96022943
17. https://www.mimuw.edu.pl/nie-zyje-prof-andrzej-szczepan-bialynicki-birula
18. BnF   12574018
19. GND   1027621473
20. BnF   128599595
21. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Karol Borsuk", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
22. Archivio di Autorità del Museo Galileo (in Italian), Wikidata   Q105263158
23. BnF   121193882
24. https://cs.isabart.org/person/19164
25. GND   118520784
26. http://data.bnf.fr/12119388/leon_chwistek/
27. http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Chwistek-Leon;3886287.html
28. GND   108470032
29. GND   102503885
30. GND   13328333X
31. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Gołąb", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
32. BnF   128972289
33. Bibliografie dějin Českých zemí (in Czech), Wikidata   Q63411600
34. BnF   12347779
35. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Witold Hurewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
36. https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1957-63-02/S0002-9904-1957-10101-3/S0002-9904-1957-10101-3.pdf
37. https://books.google.cat/books?id=hB73AwAAQBAJ
38. https://www.shawprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/mathematical-sciences/2015/autobiography-of-henryk-iwaniec
39. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Zygmunt Janiszewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
40. https://books.google.cat/books?id=4siw31DPONUC
41. GND   132512610
42. BnF   12371385
43. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Mark Kac", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
44. Catalogus Professorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae, Wikidata   Q23825128
45. Leidse Hoogleraren (in Dutch), Wikidata   Q23667505
46. https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.2814542
47. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2814542
48. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Kaczmarz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
49. GND   127265902
50. International Standard Name Identifier, Wikidata   Q423048
51. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Bronisław Knaster", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
52. GND   133787850
53. AlKindi, Wikidata   Q101207543
54. http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/krzyzanowski-adrian/
55. GND   12711159X
56. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Marek Kuczma", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
57. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Krystyna Kuperberg", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
58. BnF   145464913
59. GND   107876779
60. BnF   122984371
61. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Kuratowski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
62. GND   111374383
63. GND   1036400891
64. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Leśniewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
65. Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikidata   Q5375741
66. GND   133630595
67. BnF   123550366
68. GND   11932427X
69. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jerzy Łoś", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
70. BnF   16007839x
71. GND   139273158
72. GND   119268663
73. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jan Łukasiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
74. Internet Philosophy Ontology project, Wikidata   Q6023365
75. GND   139273824
76. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Józef Marcinkiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
77. LIBRIS, Wikidata   Q1798125
78. https://doi.org/10.4064/bc95-0-10
79. https://zsckrjanow.edu.pl/2020/03/33360/
80. GND   119514249
81. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Edward Marczewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
82. GND   1027675697
83. BnF   11208126
84. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Mazurkiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
85. GND   1035621681
86. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jan Mikusiński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
87. GND   118584510
88. BnF   128598754
89. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Andrzej Mostowski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
90. BnF   122994614
91. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jerzy Neyman", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
92. GND   117717045
93. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Otto M. Nikodym", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
94. https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3947730.html
95. http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Olech.html
96. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Czesław Olech", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
97. BnF   121641917
98. GND   136914764
99. BnF   122104452
100. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Władysław Orlicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
101. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Zdzisław Pawlak", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
102. https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/marcin-poczobutt-h-pogonia-odmienna-wiesz
103. https://www.dla-marbach.de/find/opac/id/PE00279463
104. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Post.html
105. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Emil Leon Post", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
106. GND   17231464X
107. CONOR.SI, Wikidata   Q16744133
108. Library of Congress Authorities, Library of Congress, Wikidata   Q13219454
109. https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1203827
110. https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1203827/FULLTEXT01.pdf
111. http://marianrejewski.pl/wp/biografia/
112. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Marian Rejewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
113. GND   131832093
114. BnF   12859886s
115. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Helena Rasiowa", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
116. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Saks", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
117. BnF   12859954f
118. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Juliusz Schauder", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
119. GND   118794914
120. Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, Wikidata   Q3294867
121. GND   117725420
122. BnF   12280524
123. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Wacław Sierpiński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
124. GND   1035622769
125. BnF   12158114
126. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Roman Sikorski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
127. BnF   120783537
128. Post-Reformation Digital Library, Wikidata   Q7233488
129. GND   119168995
130. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Hugo Steinhaus", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
131. GND   1046075926
132. Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (in German), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wikidata   Q25666
133. Auschwitz Prisoners Database, Wikidata   Q106652007
134. http://math.uni.wroc.pl/~s266522/slebodzinski.html
135. GND   119476215
136. BnF   123726267
137. http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/sniadecki-jan/
138. https://cs.isabart.org/person/159132
139. "Sniadecki, Johann". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich (in German). 35: 211. 1856. Wikidata   Q90646598.
140. GND   118620851
141. BnF   120345968
142. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Alfred Tarski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
143. https://history.computer.org/pioneers/tarski.html
144. http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4d5nb20m&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00159&toc.depth=1&toc.id=
145. https://www.ptm.org.pl/zawartosc/zmar%C5%82-nicole-tomczak-jaegermann-1945-2022
146. https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Ulam-Stanislaw-Marcin;3991045.html
147. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stanislaw-Ulam
148. GND   119103281
149. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Ulam", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
150. GND   107769751
151. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Urbanik", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
152. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Arnold Walfisz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
153. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Tadeusz Ważewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
154. BnF   13520156r
155. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/223816
156. Identifiants et Référentiels (in French), Agence bibliographique de l'enseignement supérieur, Wikidata   Q47757534
157. https://katalog.bip.ipn.gov.pl/informacje/122558
158. GND   118975765
159. https://books.google.fr/books?redir_esc=y&hl=fr&id=AX-Mi1XklNoC&q=WITELO#v=snippet&q=WITELO&f=false
160. BnF   12215353
161. GND   119445123
162. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
163. http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/zajaczkowski-wladyslaw/
164. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Zarankiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
165. GND   116966394
166. BnF   123672891
167. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Zaremba", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
168. GND   102768680X
169. GND   108459373
170. BnF   119296828
171. www.accademiadellescienze.it (in Italian), Wikidata   Q107212659
172. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/apr/22/obituary-olgierd-zienkiewicz
173. GND   102713596X
174. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Henryk Zygalski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
175. Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica, Illustrator: Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica, OCLC   71783328, Wikidata   Q455
176. https://celebratio.org/Zygmund_A/article/403/
177. https://history-of-approximation-theory.com/fpapers/zygmund_work.pdf
178. GND   124637531
179. BnF   12280001
180. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Antoni Zygmund", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
181. http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/zebrawski-teofil/
182. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Żorawski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews