The island of Martinique is an overseas department of France located in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.
The island of Martinique is an overseas department of France located in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.
There are five species of amphibian on Martinique, three of which were introduced. One species, the Martinique volcano frog ( Colostethus chalcopis ), is endemic to Martinique.
| Poison dart frogs ( Dendrobatidae ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Colostethus chalcopis | Martinique volcano frog | Vulnerable. [1] Endemic. | |
| Tree frogs ( Hylidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Scinax ruber [2] | Red-snouted tree frog | Least concern. Introduced; first recorded on Martinique in 1997. | |
| Tropical frogs ( Leptodactylidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Eleutherodactylus johnstonei | Lesser Antillean whistling frog, coqui antillano, Johnstone's whistling frog | Least concern. Introduced. |  |
| Eleutherodactylus martinicensis | Tink frog, Martinique robber frog | Near threatened. Regional endemic. |  |
| True toads ( Bufonidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Bufo marinus | Cane toad, giant Neotropical toad, marine toad | Least concern. Introduced. |  |
Including marine turtles and introduced species, there are 19 reptile species reported on Martinique, five of which are endemic.
| True crocodiles ( Crocodylidae ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Crocodylus acutus [3] | American crocodile | Vulnerable |  |
| Box turtles and pond turtles ( Emydidae ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Trachemys scripta [4] | Pond slider | Near threatened. Introduced. |  |
| Scaly sea turtles ( Cheloniidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Caretta caretta | Loggerhead turtle | Endangered. |  |
| Chelonia mydas | Green turtle | Endangered. |  |
| Eretmochelys imbricata | Hawksbill turtle | Critically endangered. |  |
| Leathery sea turtles ( Dermochelyidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Dermochelys coriacea | Leatherback turtle | Critically endangered. |  |
| Geckos ( Gekkonidae ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Gecko gecko [5] | Tokay gecko | Introduced. |  |
| Hemidactylus mabouia | House gecko | Introduced. |  |
| Sphaerodactylus vincenti | Vincent's least gecko | Regional endemic. |  |
| Thecadactylus rapicauda | Turnip-tailed gecko |  | |
| Iguanas and Anolids ( Iguanidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Anolis roquet | Martinique's anole, savannah anole | Endemic. | |
| Iguana delicatissima | Lesser Antillean iguana, West Indian iguana | Vulnerable. Regional endemic. |  |
| Iguana iguana [6] | Green iguana, common iguana | Recently introduced. |  |
| Microteiids ( Gymnophthalmidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Gymnophthalmus pleii | Martinique spectacled tegu | Regional endemic. | |
| Gymnophthalmus underwoodi [7] | Underwood's spectacled tegu | ||
| Skinks ( Scincidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Mabuya mabouya [8] | Regional endemic. Possibly extirpated. |  | |
| Worm snakes ( Typhlopidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Leptotyphlops bilineata | Two-lined blind snake | Endemic. Possibly widespread. Populations on Barbados and St. Lucia were described as separate species in 2008, leaving L. bilineata only on Martinique. [9] | |
| Colubrids ( Colubridae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Liophis cursor [10] | Lacépède's ground snake | Endangered. Endemic. Extirpated from the main island; now remaining only on Diamond Rock. | |
| Vipers ( Viperidae ) | |||
| Species | Common name(s) | Notes | Image |
| Bothrops lanceolatus | Fer-de-lance, Martinican pit viper, Martinique lancehead | Endemic. Widespread, though uncommon and confined to wetter regions. | |
The two-lined blind snake is a harmless blind snake species endemic to Martinique in the Lesser Antilles.
The Martinique giant ameiva was a species of lizard in the family Teiidae. It is believed to have been endemic to Martinique, though at least one scholar disputes this, instead placing it on Les Iles de la Petite Terre within the Guadeloupean archipelago. It is known only from museum specimens collected by early European explorers. Its extinction may have been caused by a hurricane, or through the introduction of predatory species to the island.
The Sombrero ameiva is a lizard species in the genus Ameiva. It is endemic to Sombrero, a small, uninhabited island in the Lesser Antilles under the jurisdiction of Anguilla.
Pholidoscelis plei, known commonly as the Anguilla Bank ameiva or the Caribbean ameiva, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae. The species is found on the Caribbean islands of Anguilla, Saint Martin, and Saint Barthélemy in the Lesser Antilles. Its coloration and markings vary between each island population. Two subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.
The Barbados anole is a species of anole lizard that is native to Barbados, an island-nation in the Caribbean. Originally endemic to Barbados, it has since been introduced to Saint Lucia and Bermuda. It was previously treated as a subspecies of Martinique's anole, A. roquet.
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi, called commonly Underwood's spectacled tegu, is a species of microteiid lizard, which is found in South America and on certain Caribbean islands.
The Barbados leaf-toed gecko is a species of gecko endemic to the Caribbean island-nation of Barbados. It is the only known leaf-toed gecko in the Lesser Antilles.
Anolis gingivinus, also known as the Anguilla Bank tree anole, Anguilla bank anole, and Anguilla anole, is a species of anole lizard that is endemic to the Caribbean Lesser Antilles islands of Anguilla and its satellites, such as Saint Martin, and Saint Barthélemy.
Note: All species listed above are supported by Malhotra & Thorpe 1999, unless otherwise cited.