Scinax ruber

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Scinax ruber
Scinax-ruber-Brian-Gratwicke.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Scinax
Species:
S. ruber
Binomial name
Scinax ruber
(Laurenti, 1768)
Synonyms [2]

Hyla rubraLaurenti, 1768
Hyla coeruleaSpix, 1824
Hyla conirostrisPeters, 1863
Hyla lateristrigaSpix, 1824
Scytopis alleniCope, 1870 "1869"
Scinax alleni(Cope, 1870)

Contents

Scinax ruber is a species of frog in the family Hylidae [1] [2] [3] [4] which is known in English as the red snouted treefrog or red-snouted treefrog, sometimes also Allen's snouted treefrog, the latter referring to the now-synonymized Scinax alleni. This widespread species is found in much of Amazonian and northern coastal South America and into Panama, as well as in some Caribbean islands as introduced populations. It is a complex containing several cryptic species. [1] [2] [4]

Range

S. ruber is widespread from sea level to around 2,600 metres throughout the Amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield in South America (in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). It is also found in central Panama and the eastern lowlands of Darien Province in Panama, as well as in Trinidad and Tobago. [1] [2] It is an introduced species on Martinique, Puerto Rico, and Saint Lucia. [1] It is considered an invasive species on Martinique, threatening native frogs. [5]

Pair of Scinax ruber in amplexus Scinax ruber.jpg
Pair of Scinax ruber in amplexus

Description

Adult males measure 29–41 mm (1.1–1.6 in) and adult females 37–44 mm (1.5–1.7 in) in snout–vent length. [3] [6] The snout is rounded and non-acuminate. The tympanum is distinct. Dorsal skin is smooth to finely tuberculate. The dorsum is tan to dull green usually with wide creamy tan to yellow dorsolateral stripe with dark borders that extends from the eyelid to the sacrum. Also a discontinuous tan middorsal is usually present. The flanks are cream with yellow spots, usually edged with black in groin. The posterior surfaces of thighs are brown mottled with yellow or orange mottling. The iris is bronze with black reticulations. [6] The ventrer is yellow. [4]

Habitat and conservation

S. ruber is abundant in temporary waterbodies during the rainy season, and occupies a wide range of habitats, from open environments to moist forests, as well as gardens and parks. It occurs from sea level to 2,600 m (8,500 ft) above sea level. It is a nocturnal and arboreal species that generally breeds in small temporary pools, but can also use roadside ditches. [1]

This common and widespread species is not facing any major threats and is classed by the IUCN as of "least concern". It is adaptable and also present in many protected areas. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Scinax</i> Genus of amphibians

Scinax is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae found in eastern and southern Mexico to Argentina and Uruguay, Trinidad and Tobago, and Saint Lucia. These are small to moderate-sized tree frogs, drably colored. Duellman and Wiens resurrected this genus in 1992. The name originates from the Greek word skinos, meaning quick or nimble.

<i>Dendropsophus marmoratus</i> Species of frog

Dendropsophus marmoratus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Amazon rainforest and montane forests in the eastern piedmont, in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, intermittent freshwater marshes, and heavily degraded former forest. "Marmoratus" in Latin means "marble," perhaps referring to the dorsal coloring pattern. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Dendropsophus microcephalus</i> Species of frog

Dendropsophus microcephalus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in southeastern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, the Guianas, and northern Brazil. This widespread species might actually be a species complex. Its common names include yellow treefrog, small-headed treefrog, and yellow cricket treefrog.

<i>Osteocephalus buckleyi</i> Species of amphibian

Osteocephalus buckleyi, also known as Buckley's slender-legged treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found along the periphery of the Amazon Basin in Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, northeastern Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, and also in the Orinoco Delta in Venezuela. It is probably a species complex. Some sources treat Osteocephalus vilmae from Ecuador and Peru as a valid species.

Osteocephalus deridens is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Napo and Pastaza River drainages in eastern Ecuador and in the Loreto Region, northern Peru. The specific name deridens is derived from Latin deridere, meaning "make fun of someone". This alludes to the males calling from the treetops that sound "as if they are laughing at the collectors' vain attempts to reach them". Common name funny slender-legged treefrog has been coined for this species.

Osteocephalus fuscifacies is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Ecuador. It is known from the Napo River drainage at intermediate elevations. The specific name fuscifacies is derived from Latin fuscus (=tan) and facies (=face), in reference to the uniform tan-colored loreal region and the lack of a light subocular spot. Common name Napo slender-legged treefrog has been coined for this species.

<i>Scinax boesemani</i> Species of frog

Scinax boesemani is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in The Guianas, southern Venezuela (Amazonas), and northern Brazil. The specific name boesemani honors Marinus Boeseman, a Dutch ichthyologist. Common name Boeseman's snouted treefrog has been coined for it.

<i>Scinax boulengeri</i> Species of amphibian

Scinax boulengeri is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, and possibly Honduras. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, and urban areas. It has been found as high as 600 meters above sea level.

<i>Scinax cruentomma</i> Species of frog

Scinax cruentomma is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northeastern and east-central Peru, and western Brazil; its presence is French Guiana is dispted. The specific name cruentomma is derived from the Greek cruentos meaning "bloody" and omma meaning "eye", referring to the red streak in the eye of this frog. This species is also known as the Manaus snouted treefrog.

Scinax danae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Venezuela and occurs in the La Escalera region of the Sierra de Lema, Bolívar state. The specific name danae honors Dana Trueb Duellman, the daughter William E. Duellman, the scientist who described this species. Despite this, common name Bolivar snouted treefrog has been coined for this species.

<i>Scinax elaeochroa</i> Species of frog

Scinax elaeochroa, commonly known as the Sipurio snouted treefrog, or olive snouted treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua and Panama and in the Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica and Panama, with an isolated population in Colombia.

Scinax exiguus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Gran Sabana of Venezuela and in the Roraima state of the adjacent northern Brazil, as far south as Boa Vista, Roraima. Common name Gran Sabana snouted treefrog has been coined for it.

<i>Scinax rostratus</i> Species of frog

Scinax rostratus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in central Panama and eastward to Colombia, Venezuela, and coastal lowlands of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. Common name Caracas snouted treefrog has been coined for this species.

<i>Scinax x-signatus</i> Species of frog

Scinax x-signatus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in Brazil, the Guyanas, Venezuela and Colombia. Introduced populations exist on Guadeloupe and two nearby smaller islands, Marie Galante and La Désirade, and on Martinique. It may represent more than one species.

<i>Sphaenorhynchus dorisae</i> Species of amphibian

Sphaenorhynchus dorisae, the Doris' lime treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin of southeastern Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil and Peru. It might also be present in Bolivia.

<i>Sphaenorhynchus lacteus</i> Species of amphibian

Sphaenorhynchus lacteus, the Orinoco lime treefrog or greater hatchet-faced treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is a widely distributed species found in the Orinoco and Amazon basins in Venezuela, the Guianas, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It also occurs in Trinidad and Tobago.

Pristimantis pseudoacuminatus, also known as Sarayacu robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Amazon basin in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<i>Hamptophryne boliviana</i> Species of amphibian

Hamptophryne boliviana, also known as the Bolivian bleating frog or Amazon sheep frog, is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is found in the northern and western sides of the Amazon basin in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Genetic analysis suggests hidden diversity within the nominal species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dendropsophini</span> Subfamily of amphibians

Dendropsophini is a tribe of small neotropical tree frogs in the subfamily Hylinae. They are distributed from southern Mexico, throughout Central America, and down South America to northern Argentina and Uruguay. Removed from the synonymy of Hylinae in 2016, this taxon was formerly considered its own subfamily before being reclassified as a tribe. As defined by Favovich et al. in 2005, the tribe Dendrosophini contains the members of three former subfamilies within the Hylidae prior to taxonomic rearrangement: Dendropsophinae, Pseudinae, and Scinaxinae.

Scinax ruberoculatus, the red-eyed snouted tree frog, is a frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to forest habitats in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor, Claudia Azevedo-Ramos, Enrique La Marca, Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Jerry Hardy, Blair Hedges, Beatrice Ibéné, Michel Breuil, Robert Powell (2010). "Scinax ruber". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T55994A11395509. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55994A11395509.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. 1 2 3 4 Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  3. 1 2 Ron, S. R. & Read, M. (2013–2016). Ron, S. R.; Yanez-Muñoz, M. H.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Scinax ruber". AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2018.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 "Scinax ruber Laurenti, 1768". Amphibians of Panama. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  5. ↑ "Scinax ruber". Global Invasive Species Database. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. 2008. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  6. 1 2 Duellman, William E. & Wiens, John J. (1993). "Hylid frogs of the genus Scinax Wagler, 1830, in Amazonian Ecuador and Peru". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 153: 1–57.
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