List of amphibians of Arizona

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A map of Arizona

The following is a list of amphibians found in the state of Arizona. The Arizona tree frog is the state amphibian. [1] The state is home to three salamander species.

Contents

Arizona is home to a wide variety of biotic systems as it is diverse topographically, geologically, and climatically. The area's sporadic mountains create "sky islands", wherein varying altitudes create drastically different environments inhabited by specific species. [2] For example, the eastern barking frog is only found at altitudes of 1,280–1,890 m on Arizonan mountains. Although the state is mostly arid, river systems such as the Colorado River provide riparian habitats. [3]

List of species

Order Anura

Family Bufonidae

Bufonidae is a family of toads, often called the "true toads". Although a widely varied family, Bufonidae includes the stereotypical toad: dry warty skin and shortened forelimbs and hindlimbs. Bufonids also carry potent skin toxins, sometimes concentrated in the parotoid gland. [4]

Bufonidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatus [a] Image
Anaxyrus cognatus Great Plains toad Found in playa wetlands in Arizona [5] Bufo cognatus1.jpg
Anaxyrus debilis Green toad Found in southeastern Arizona [7] Bufo debilis insidior1.jpg
Anaxyrus microscaphus Arizona toad Found in the Virgin River basin of northwestern Arizona [9]
Anaxyrus microscaphus.jpg
Anaxyrus punctatus Red-spotted toad Abundant in central Arizona [11] Bufo.punctatus.web.jpg
Anaxyrus woodhousii Woodhouse's toad Found throughout the state [13] Bufo woodhousii.jpg

Family Hylidae

Hylidae is a family of frogs which are commonly found in the New World. They may be better known as tree frogs. [15]

Hylidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Dryophytes arenicolor Canyon tree frog Inhaits arid environments and streambanks; often found in pools in canyons [16] Canyon Treefrog (5205515626).jpg
Dryophytes wrightorum Wright's mountain tree frog Found in the Petran Montane Conifer Forest Biome along the Mogollon Rim [18] Mountain Tree Frog (5416204989).jpg

Family Leptodactylidae

Leptodactylidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Craugastor augusti Eastern barking frog Found in the Santa Rita, Pajarito, Huachuca, and Quinlan Mountains in southeast Arizona at elevations of 1,280–1,890 m; report of specimen found in Sierra Ancha mountains of central Arizona [19] Craugastor augusti WLF-430-7A, Municipio Gomez Farias; 9 Aug 2004.jpg

Family Microhylidae

Microhylidae is a family of frogs. They can often be identified by their tear-dropped shape, hence the common name "narrow-mouthed frogs". [21]

Microhylidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Gastrophryne olivacea Great Plains narrowmouth frog Inhabit south-central Arizona [22] Gastrophryne olivacea02.jpg

Family Ranidae

Ranidae, true frogs, are the largest family of frogs. Members of this family, called Ranids, typically have robust hindlimbs, toe webbing, and an aquatic tadpole stage. [24]

Ranidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Lithobates berlandieri Rio Grande leopard frog Inhabit the Gila River drainage and associated croplands from Phoenix to the Colorado River confluence [25] Rana berlandieri.jpg
Lithobates blairi Plains leopard frog An isolated population cluster in southeastern Arizona [27] Plains Leopard Frog (Lithobates blairi).jpg
Lithobates catesbeianus Bullfrog Common in Arizona [29] North-American-bullfrog1.jpg

Family Scaphiopodidae

Scaphiopodidae are a family of frogs. Commonly called spadefoot frogs, they are often inconspicuously coloured. Members of this family are predominantly fossorial, living underground until rain arrives. To aid in digging, they have keratinized protrusions on their feet. [31]

Scaphiopodidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Spea bombifrons Plains spadefoot toad Found in eastern Arizona [32] Spea bombifrons.jpg
Scaphiopus couchii Couch's spadefoot toad Central and southeastern portions of the state [34] Scaphiopus couchii ANRA.jpg

Order Urodela

Family Ambystomatidae

Ambystomatidae
SpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage
Ambystoma mavortium Barred tiger salamander Introduced to southern Arizona [36] Ambystoma mavortium1.jpg
Ambystoma rosaceum Tarahumara salamander Present in Arizona [38] Ambystoma rosaceum.jpg
Ambystoma tigrinum Eastern tiger salamander Distinct subspecies Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi, known as the Sonora tiger Salamander found on southern border [40] Salamandra Tigre.png

Notes and references

Notes

^  a:  Conservation status at a world level of the species according to the IUCN Red List: Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

 EX  - Extinct
 EW  - Extinct in the wild
 CR  - Critically endangered
 EN  - Endangered
 VU  - Vulnerable
 NT  - Near threatened
 LC  - Least concern
 DD  - Data deficient
 NE  - Not evaluated

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-spotted toad</span> Species of amphibian

The red-spotted toad, formerly Bufo punctatus, is a toad in the family Bufonidae found in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas toad</span> Species of amphibian

The Texas toad is a species of medium-sized toad that occurs in the southern United States and northern Mexico. It breeds in temporary water pools after heavy rains.

<i>Anaxyrus debilis</i> Species of amphibian

The North American green toad, formerly in the genus Bufo, is a species of toad found in the southwestern United States in the states of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas, as well as in northern Mexico in the states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Durango, and Zacatecas. It is commonly called green toad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great Plains toad</span> Species of amphibian

The Great Plains toad is a relatively large species of true toad native to central North America.

Hyloscirtus armatus is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in Bolivia and Peru. It has been observed between 1700 and 2400 meters above sea level. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss. Most likely, this is a species complex, composed of several species.

The Charazani tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in Bolivia and possibly Peru. It has been observed between 2700 and 3200 meters above sea level.

The Pilalo tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It has been observed between 2300 and 2600 meters above sea level. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden banana frog</span> Species of amphibian

The golden banana frog, golden dwarf reed frog, golden spiny reed frog, or golden leaf-folding frog is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in lowland coastal plains of eastern South Africa, Eswatini, and southern Mozambique. The AmphibiaWeb includes Afrixalus crotalus in this species as a subspecies, whereas the Amphibian Species of the World and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species treat A. crotalus as a full species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broadley's forest tree frog</span> Species of amphibian

Leptopelis broadleyi is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae of uncertain status. The Amphibian Species of the World, the IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, and the African Amphibians do not recognize it, but instead consider it synonym with Leptopelis argenteus. However, the AmphibiaWeb recognizes it as a valid species.

Aubria subsigillata, commonly known as the brown ball frog or the West African brown frog, is a species of frog belonging to the family Pyxicephalidae. It has a discontinuous distribution from southern Guinea through Liberia and Ivory Coast, and from Nigeria to southern Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea to Gabon. However, the species delimitation differs between sources, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has adopted a narrower view where this species only occurs in Cameroon and southward.

Cornufer akarithymus is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea, on New Britain Island. It has been observed in three mountain ranges: Whiteman, Nakanai, and Baining.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perez's frog</span> Species of amphibian

The Perez's frog, also known as Iberian waterfrog, Iberian green frog or Coruna frog, is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is native to southern France, Portugal, Spain, and has been introduced to the Canary and Balearic Islands, Madeira, the United Kingdom, and the Azores. In the Iberian Peninsula it is widespread and common.

Rana sangzhiensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, the "true frogs". It is endemic to China. It is known only from Mount Tianping, in Sangzhi County, Hunan, and depending on the source, from Mount Dadong in Lianxian County, Guangdong, or from Mount Emei in Sichuan. Common names Sangzhi frog and Sangzhi groove-toed frog has been proposed for it. It was formerly classified in the genus Pseudorana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Korean brown frog</span> Species of amphibian

The Korean brown frog is a species of frog in the genus Rana. It is native to the Korean Peninsula and Shandong, China.

References

  1. ↑ "State Amphibian". Arizona State Library. Archived from the original on December 19, 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  2. ↑ "The 100-Mile Circle". Tucson Herpetological Society. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  3. ↑ R. Roy Johnson. The Lower Colorado River: A Western System (PDF) (Report). US Forest Service. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  4. ↑ "Bufonidae". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  5. ↑ "Anaxyrus cognatus". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on January 9, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  6. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Anaxyrus cognatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T54612A53949260. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T54612A53949260.en .
  7. ↑ "Anaxyrus debilis". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  8. ↑ Hammerson, G.; Santos-Barrera, G. (2004). "Anaxyrus debilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T54626A11177308. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54626A11177308.en .
  9. ↑ "Anaxyrus microscaphus". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley . Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  10. ↑ Hammerson, G.; Schwaner, T. (2004). "Anaxyrus microscaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T54709A11189148. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54709A11189148.en .
  11. ↑ "Anaxyrus punctatus". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on June 1, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  12. ↑ Hammerson, G.; Santos-Barrera, G. (2010). "Anaxyrus punctatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T54739A11197415. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T54739A11197415.en .
  13. ↑ "Anaxyrus woodhousii". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  14. ↑ Hammerson, G.; Santos-Barrera, G. (2004). "Anaxyrus woodhousii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T54798A11195037. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54798A11195037.en .
  15. ↑ "Hylidae". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on May 3, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  16. ↑ "Hyla arenicolor". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  17. ↑ Hammerson, G.A.; Santos-Barrera, G. (2017) [2010]. "Dryophytes arenicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T55396A112711835. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T55396A112711835.en .
  18. ↑ "Dryophytes wrightorum". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 15, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  19. ↑ "Craugastor augusti". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  20. ↑ Hammerson, G.; Santos-Barrera, G.; Ponce-Campos, P. (2010). "Craugastor augusti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T56438A11478221. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T56438A11478221.en .
  21. ↑ "Microhylidae". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  22. ↑ "Gastrophryne olivacea". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on September 13, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  23. ↑ Santos-Barrera, G.; Hammerson, G. (2004). "Gastrophryne olivacea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T57815A11687076. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57815A11687076.en .
  24. ↑ "Ranidae". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  25. ↑ "Rana berlandieri". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  26. ↑ Santos-Barrera, Georgina; Hammerson, G.; Köhler, G.; Wilson, L.; Lee, J.; Vázquez, R.C. (2010). "Lithobates berlandieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T58561A11804296. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T58561A11804296.en .
  27. ↑ "Rana blairi". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  28. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2014). "Lithobates blairi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2014: e.T58562A64301057. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T58562A64301057.en .
  29. ↑ "Rana catesbeiana". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  30. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Lithobates catesbeianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T58565A53969770. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T58565A53969770.en .
  31. ↑ "Scaphiopodidae". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
  32. ↑ "Spea bombifrons". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  33. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Spea bombifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T59044A53972679. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T59044A53972679.en .
  34. ↑ "Scaphiopus couchii". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on November 2, 2020. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
  35. ↑ Santos-Barrera, G.; Hammerson, G. (2004). "Scaphiopus couchii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2004: e.T59041A11874119. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T59041A11874119.en .
  36. ↑ "Ambystoma mavortium ". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on August 22, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  37. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2015). "Ambystoma mavortium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T199970A2623523. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T199970A2623523.en .
  38. ↑ "Ambystoma rosaceum". AmphibiaWeb . University of California, Berkeley. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  39. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Ambystoma rosaceum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T59068A53974550. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T59068A53974550.en .
  40. ↑ "Sonora tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi)". ECOS Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Archived from the original on October 16, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  41. ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Ambystoma tigrinum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T83293207A3076038. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T83293207A3076038.en .
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