List of bird extinctions by year

The accuracy of these dates for bird extinctions varies wildly between one entry and another. Hypothetical species, which cannot be proven to have existed due to a lack of physical evidence, are tagged with (H).

15th century

• North Island giant moa (Dinornis novaezealandiae)
• South Island giant moa (Dinornis robustus)
• Bush moa (Anomalopteryx didiformis)
• Broad-billed moa (Euryapteryx curtus)
• Heavy-footed moa (Pachyornis elephantopus)
• Mantell's moa (Pachyornis geranoides)

c. 1400

• Haast's eagle (Hieraaetus moorei)
• Eyles's harrier (Circus teauteensis)
• Eastern moa (Emeus crassus)

c. 1396-1442

• Crested moa (Pachyornis australis)

16th century

• Ascension night heron (Nycticorax olsoni)
• Chatham Island duck (Anas chathamica)
• New Zealand musk duck (Biziura delautouri)
• Scarlett's duck (Malacorhynchus scarletti)

c. 1500

• Upland moa (Megalapteryx didinus)

After c. 1502

• Saint Helena petrel (Pterodroma rupinarum)
• Olson's petrel (Bulweria bifax)

Possibly before 1555

• Antillean cave rail (Nesotrochis debooyi)

Sometime before European settlement of New Zealand

• North Island adzebill (Aptornis otidiformis)
• South Island adzebill (Aptornis defossor)

17th century

Dodo

• Bermuda saw-whet owl (Aegolius gradyi)
• Finsch's duck (Chenonetta finschi)

1610

• Bermuda night heron (Nyctanassa carcinocatactes)

1612

• Bermuda towhee (Pipilo naufragus)

1662

• Dodo (Raphus cucullatus) ^[1]

Shortly after 1672

• Réunion fody (Foudia delloni)

After 1674

• Réunion rail (Dryolimnas augusti)

c. 1680s

• Broad-billed parrot (Lophopsittacus mauritianus) ^[1]

c. ~1690s

• Mauritius night heron (Nycticorax mauritianus)

c. 1690

• Réunion sheldgoose (Alopochen kervazoi)

Shortly after 1693

• Red rail (Aphanapteryx bonasia)

1696

• Mascarene teal (Anas theodori)

Late 17th century

• Réunion scops owl (Otus grucheti)

1650-1700

• Chatham penguin (Eudyptes warhami)

Before the 18th century

• Cheke's wood rail (Dryolimnas chekei)

18th century

• Saint Helena cuckoo (Nannococcyx psix)

c. 1700

• Rodrigues rail (Erythromachus leguati) ^[1]
• Mauritius scops owl (Otus sauzieri) ^[1]
• Réunion pink pigeon (Nesoenas mayeri duboisi)

Between 1710 and 1715

• Réunion ibis (Threskiornis solitarius) ^[2]

After 1710

• Réunion pochard (Aythya sp.)

c. 1730

• Réunion swamphen (Porphyrio caerulescens) (H)

1732

• Réunion parakeet (Psittacula eques eques)

1735

• Mauritian wood pigeon (Columba thiriouxi)

Mid-18th century

• Rodrigues solitaire (Pezophaps solitaria)
• Rodrigues scops owl (Otus murivorus)
• Rodrigues pigeon (Nesoenas rodericanus)

After 1777

• Tongatapu rail (Gallirallus hypoleucus)

c. 1779

• Guadeloupe amazon (Amazona violacea) (H)

1779

• Martinique amazon (Amazona martinicana) (H)

c. 1760

• Lesser Antillean macaw (Ara guadeloupensis) (H)

Soon after 1761

• Rodrigues parrot (Necropsittacus rodricanus)

1765 or later

• Jamaican red macaw (Ara gossei) (H)

c. 1777

• Raiatea parakeet (Cyanoramphus ulietanus)

After 1777

• Moorea sandpiper (Prosobonia ellisi)

Late 1700s

• Guadeloupe parakeet (Psittacara labati)

Perhaps c. 1793

• Oceanic eclectus (Eclectus infectus)

After 1793

• Vava'u rail (Hypotaenidia vavauensis)

c. late 18th century

• Pile-builder megapode (Megapodius molistructor)

Probably before 1800

• ʻEua rail (Gallirallus vekamatolu)

Between 1774 and 1850

• Raiatea starling (Aplonis? ulietensis)

19th century

• Imber's petrel (Pterodroma imberi)

Late 18th or early 19th century

• Dominican green-and-yellow macaw (Ara atwoodi) (H)

Perhaps 19th century

• Garrett's reed warbler (Acrocephalus musae)

Perhaps early 19th century

• Red-headed macaw (Ara erythrocephala) (H)
• Ascension crake (Mundia elpenor)

1800

• Amsterdam wigeon (Mareca marecula)
• Norfolk ground dove (Pampusana norfolkensis)

c. 1800

• Tanna ground dove (Pampusana ferruginea) ^[1]
• Christmas sandpiper (Prosobonia cancellata)
• Norfolk Island rail (Gallirallus sp.)

1819

• Tahiti sandpiper (Prosobonia leucoptera)

1820s

• Spotted green pigeon (Caloenas maculata)

1822

• King Island emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae minor)

After 1823

• Maupiti monarch (Pomarea maupitiensis)

c. 1827

• Kangaroo Island emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae baudinianus)

c. 1830s

• Mauritius blue pigeon (Alectroenas nitidissimus)
• Bonin thrush (Zoothera terrestris)

1830s

• Bonin grosbeak (Carpodacus ferreorostris)

c. 1834

• White swamphen (Porphyrio albus)

1834

• Mascarene parrot (Mascarinus mascarinus)
• Delalande's coua (Coua delalandei)

1839

• Oʻahu ʻōʻō (Moho apicalis)

After 1841

• Oahu nukupu'u (Hemignathus lucidus)

c. 1850

• Mauritius scops owl (Otus sauzieri) ^[1]
• Spectacled cormorant (Urile perspicillatus)
• Hoopoe starling (Fregilupus varius)

1850

• Black-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus zealandicus)

Mid-19th century

• Mauke starling (Aplonis mavornata)
• Kosrae starling (Aplonis corvina)
• Kosrae crake (Zapornia monasa)
• Mascarene booby (Papasula sp.)

1851

• Norfolk kākā (Nestor productus) ^[1]

1852

• Great auk (Pinguinus impennis)

1853

• Lord Howe pigeon (Columba vitiensis godmanae) ^[1]

1859

• Kioea (Chaetoptila angustipluma)

1860

• Jamaican poorwill (Siphonorhis americana) ^{[1] [Note 1]}
• Gould's emerald (Riccordia elegans)

Perhaps 1860

• New Caledonian gallinule (Porphyrio kukwiedei)

1865

• Tasmanian emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae diemenensis)

1870 or later

• North Island snipe (Coenocorypha barrierensis)

1872

• Dieffenbach's rail (Hypotaenidia dieffenbachii)

1874

• Coues's gadwall (Mareca strepera couesi) ^[1]

c. 1875

• Newton's parakeet (Psittacula exsul)

1875

• New Zealand quail (Coturnix novaezelandiae)

1876

• Himalayan quail (Ophrysia superciliosa) ^{[1] [Note 2]}

1877

• Brace's emerald (Riccordia bracei)

c. 1878

• Labrador duck (Camptorhynchus labradorius)

Perhaps 1880

• Macquarie rail (Hypotaenidia philippensis macquariensis) ^[1]

1881

• Jamaican wood rail (Amaurolimnas concolor concolor) ^[1]

c. 1884

• Hawaiian rail (Zapornia sandwichensis) ^[1]

c. 1885

• Cuban macaw (Ara tricolor)

1887-1899

• Ryukyu kingfisher (Todiramphus cinnamominus miyakoensis) ^[1]

c. 1888 (between 1870 and 1900)

• Marianne white-eye (Zosterops semiflavus)

1889

• Bonin wood pigeon (Columba versicolor)

c. 1890

• Bonin nankeen night heron (Nycticorax caledonicus crassirostris)
• Guadeloupe burrowing owl (A. c. guadeloupensis)

After 1890

• New Zealand bittern (Botaurus novaezelandiae)

1891

• Macquarie parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae erythrotis)
• Lesser koa-finch (Rhodacanthis flaviceps) ^[1]

1892

• ʻUla-ʻai-hāwane (Ciridops anna) ^[1]

After 1892

• Maui Nui ʻakialoa (Akialoa lanaiensis)
• Oahu 'akialoa (Akialoa ellisiana)

1893

• Seychelles parakeet (Psittacula wardi)

1894

• Kona grosbeak (Chloridops kona) ^[1]
• North Island takahē (Porphyrio mantelli)

1895

• Hawkins's rail (Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi)

1896

• Greater koa-finch (Rhodacanthis palmeri) ^[1]

1897

• Guadalupe wren (Thryomanes bewickii brevicauda)

1898

• Hawaiʻi mamo (Drepanis pacifica) ^[1]

Late 19th century

• Tristan moorhen (Gallinula nesiotis)
• Mangarevan whistler (Pachycephala gambierana) ( nomen dubium )

c. 20th century

• Viti Levu scrubfowl (Megapodius amissus)

20th century

• Red-throated wood rail (Aramides gutturalis) ( nomen dubium )

c. ~1895-1905

• Norfolk pigeon (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae spadicea)
• Lyall's Wren (Traversia lyalli)

c. 1900

• Puerto Rican parakeet (Psittacara maugei)
• Chatham Island rail (Cabalus modestus)

1900

• Chatham Islands fernbird (Poodytes rufescens)

1901

• Greater ʻamakihi (Viridonia sagittirostris) ^[1]

c. 1902

• Auckland Island merganser (Mergus australis)

1903

• Guadalupe caracara (Caracara lutosa)

1904

• Choiseul pigeon (Microgoura meeki)

c. 1905

• Antiguan burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia amaura)
• South Island piopio (Turnagra capensis)

1906

• Chatham Islands bellbird (Anthornis melanocephala) ^[1]

1907

• Huia (Heteralocha acutirostris) ^[1]
• Black mamo (Drepanis funerea) ^[1]

1908

• Alejandro Selkirk firecrown (Sephanoides fernandensis leyboldi)

After 1908

• Western rufous bristlebird (Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis)

Early 1910s

• (Louisiana) Carolina parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis ludovicianus) ^[1]

1910

• Slender-billed grackle (Quiscalus palustris)

After 1910

• Roper River scrub robin (Drymodes superciliaris colcloughi) ( nomen dubium )

Possibly 1912

• Puerto Rican barn owl (Tyto cavatica)

1912 or later

• Culebra Island amazon (Amazona vittata gracilipes)

1914

• Passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) ^[1]
• Laughing owl (Ninox albifacies)

1918

• Carolina parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis) ^[1]
• Lānaʻi hookbill (Dysmorodrepanis munroi)

1919

• Lord Howe starling (Aplonis fusca hulliana)

Late 1910s

• Laysan millerbird (Acrocephalus familiaris familiaris)

1922 or later

• Red-moustached fruit dove (Ptilinopus mercierii)

1923

• Laysan honeycreeper (Himatione fraithii) ^[1]

c. 1924

• Lord Howe thrush (Turdus poliocephalus vinitinctus)
• Iwo Jima rail (Poliolimnas cinereus brevipes)

c. 1925

• Lord Howe fantail (Rhipidura fuliginosa cervina)

1927

• Paradise parrot (Psephotellus pulcherrimus)

After 1927

• Thick-billed ground dove (Pampusana salamonis)

After 1928

• Lord Howe gerygone (Gerygone insularis)

c. 1930s

• Tahiti rail (Hypotaenidia pacifica)

1930s

• Mukojima white-eye (Apalopteron familiare familiare)

1930

• Oʻahu ʻakepa (Loxops wolstenholmei) ^[3]

1932

• Heath hen (Tympanuchus cupido cupido) ^[1]

1932 or later

• Western Lewin's rail (Lewinia pectoralis clelandi)

1934

• Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō (Moho nobilis) ^[1]

1937

• Lānaʻi ʻalauahio (Paroreomyza montana montana) ^[1]

Perhaps 1937

• Marquesas swamphen (Porphyrio paepae)

c. 1940

• Daito wren (Troglodytes troglodytes orii) ( nomen dubium )
• Daito varied tit (Sittiparus varius orii)

1940

• Lesser ʻakialoa (Akialoa obscura) ^[1]

After 1942

• Norfolk triller (Lalage leucopyga leucopyga)

1944

• Laysan rail (Zapornia palmeri) ^[1]

1945

• Wake Island rail (Hypotaenidia wakensis) ^[1]

1950

• Canary Islands oystercatcher (Haematopus meadewaldoi)
• Grand Cayman oriole (Icterus leucopteryx bairdi)
• Cyprus dipper (Cinclus cinclus olympicus) ( nomen dubium )

1930s or 1975

• Nuku Hiva monarch (Pomarea nukuhivae)

1952

• Niceforo's pintail (Anas georgica niceforoi)
• San Benedicto rock wren (Salpinctes obsoletus exsul)

1955

• North Island piopio (Turnagra tanagra)

1959

• Rennell Island teal (Anas gracilis remissa)

1963

• Kākāwahie (Paroreomyza flammea)

1964

• South Island snipe (Coenocorypha iredalei)

1965

• New Zealand Bush Wren (subsp.) ^[1]

1966

• Arabian ostrich (Struthio camelus syriacus)

1969

• Kauaʻi ʻakialoa (Akialoa stejnegeri) ^[1]
• Nightingale reed warbler (Acrocephalus luscinius)

1972

• Bushwren (Xenicus longipes)

1973

• Bar-winged rail (Hypotaenidia poeciloptera)

1975

• Norfolk thrush (Turdus poliocephalus poliocephalus)

1977

• Colombian grebe (Podiceps andinus)

1977 or later

• Eiao monarch (Pomarea fluxa)

Late 1970s

• Pagan reed warbler (Acrocephalus yamashinae)

1981

• Bishop's ʻōʻō (Moho bishopi)
• Mariana mallard (Anas oustaleti)

1983

• Aldabra brush warbler (Nesillas aldabrana)
• Guam flycatcher (Myiagra freycineti)

1985

• Alaotra Grebe (Tachybaptus rufolavatus)

1987

• Kauaʻi ʻōʻō (Moho braccatus)

1988

• Maui ʻAkepa (Loxops ochraceus) ^[3]

1989

• Atitlán grebe (Podilymbus gigas)

1990

• Dusky seaside sparrow (Ammospiza maritima nigrescens)

1995 or later

• Aguiguan reed warbler (Acrocephalus nijoi)

21st century

2004

• Poʻouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma)

c. 2005

• White-chested white-eye (Zosterops albogularis)

2007

• Cryptic treehunter (Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti)
• Kauaʻi nukupuʻu (Hemignathus hanapepe) ^{[Note 3]}

2011

• Alagoas foliage-gleaner (Philydor novaesi)

2024

• Slender-billed curlew (Numenius tenuirostris)

See also

• List of extinct bird species since 1500
• Lists of extinct animals
• List of extinct animals of the Hawaiian Islands
• List of extinct animals of Martinique and Guadeloupe
• List of extinct animals of Réunion

Notes

1. The species has not been recorded since 1860 and is yet to be declared extinct by the IUCN as of September 2025
2. The species has not been recorded since 1876 and is yet to be declared extinct by the IUCN as of September 2025
3. This species was likely already extinct by 1906, although an unconfirmed sighting was made in 2007. It was finally declared extinct in 2023.

References

1. Day, David (1989). Vanished Species. New York: Galley Books. ISBN   0-8317-2782-9.
2. Cheke, A. S.; Hume, J. P. (2008). Lost Land of the Dodo: An Ecological History of Mauritius, Réunion & Rodrigues. New Haven and London. pp. 30–43. ISBN   978-0-7136-6544-4.
3. "Akepa - Loxops coccineus - Details - Encyclopedia of Life". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2016-09-26.