List of centenarian masters track and field athletes

Last updated

In the sport of athletics, centenarian competitors were recorded in the early 20th century, and have become increasingly common in the 21st century. This has occurred during a period of population ageing and increased longevity in wealthy countries, alongside a corresponding development of masters track and field competitions, such as the Senior Olympics and the World Masters Athletics Championships. [1]

Contents

Stanisław Kowalski and Hidekichi Miyazaki at age 105 are two of the oldest centenarian masters track and field athletes. Orville Rogers (age 100) stated, “I love the thrill of preparation and training,” he told Runner’s World. “When I compete, I am not just running against the people out on the track at that moment, I am running against everyone who has run the event before me. That is gratifying to me.” [2]

List of centenarians track and field athletes

AthletePeak agePeak yearNationalityDivisionEvent(s)AchievementsRef.
Leslie Amey1012001Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia MenDistanceAmey won gold at the 2001 World Championship in Brisbane [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
Nihal Gil1012016Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada MenSprintsGil competed at the 2016 inaugural Americas Masters Games. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Sawang Janpram1022022Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand MenSprintsYahoo Sports states 102 years old running the 100 meter dash in a meet (26th Thailand Master Athletes Championship). Age needs to be verified. [12]
Erwin Jaskulski 1002003Flag of Austria.svg  Austria/Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine/Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprintsFeb 2002 National Masters News: listed as an Austrian citizen living in Honolulu. [4] [13] [7]
Ilmari Koppinen1052023Flag of Finland.svg  Finland MenField EventsDOB: Jan 8, 1918. Competed Jan 8, 2023 at the Ilmari Koppisen meet. [14]
Stanisław Kowalski 1052016Flag of Poland.svg  Poland MenSprints, DiscusJune 2015 Kowalski (age 105) competed in a sprint race. [15] [16] [17] [18]
Helge Lonnroth1002017Flag of Finland.svg  Finland MenFieldLonnroth competed in the Javelin and Weight Throw at a meet in Finland July 2017. [19] [17]
Hidekichi Miyazaki 1052015Flag of Japan.svg  Japan MenShot Put23 Sept 2015 (one day after turning 105) Miyazaki competed in a sprint race. [15] [20] [7]
Giuseppe Ottaviani 1032019Flag of Italy.svg  Italy MenSprints, FieldOttaviani competed in the Long Jump in a meet in Italy Sept 2019. [21] [17] [19] [7]
Alfred Proksch 1002009Flag of Austria.svg  Austria MenFieldProksch competed at the 2009 World Masters Athletic Championships in the shot put and discus. [22]
Philip Rabinowitz1002005Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa MenSprints and RacewalkRabinowitz competed in the racewalk in a Mar 2005 meet in RSA. On 10 July 2004, entered the Guinness Book of World Records as the fastest 100-year-old to ever run the 100 meters, with a time of 30.86 seconds [4] [19] [7] [23] [24]
Mario Riboni1002013Flag of Italy.svg  Italy MenShot PutBorn 13 June 1913. [17] [25] [26]
Takashi Shimokawara 1042010Flag of Japan.svg  Japan MenJavelinShimokawara competed in the discus Sept 2010 in Japan. [27] [19] [7]
Fauja Singh 1022013Flag of India.svg  India & Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  Great Britain MenMarathonSingh last competed at the 2013 Hong Kong Marathon. [28] [29]
Ruth Frith 1022012Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia WomenFieldFrith competed Feb 2012 in the Hammer at a meet in New Zealand. [19] [7]
Elfriede Fuchs1002020Flag of Austria.svg  Austria WomenShot PutFuch competed in AUT on 19 or 20 Sept 2020. Fuch born 26 Aug 1920. [19] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34]
Man Kaur 1032019Flag of India.svg  India & Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada WomenSprints and FieldKaur won gold at the 2017 World Masters Games in New Zealand. Kaur won gold in 200 m at 3:01.61 and SP at 2.21 at the Dec 2019 Asian Masters Championship in Malaysia. Man Kur was born 1 Mar 1916, and passed 31 July 2021 at age 105. [9] [35] [36] [37]
Winnifred Newall1002023Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia WomenSprints [38]
Florence Mary Storch1012014Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada WomenJavelinStorch won gold at the 28 Aug 2014 Senior Games at Sherwood Park, Strathcona County, Canada. She was born 10 June 1913. [39] [40] [41]
Rambai1052022Flag of India.svg  India Women100 MeterListed in Masters Rankings: July 2022 India: National Open Masters Athletics Championship in Vadodara, India. Born 1917. [42]

American men and women

John Whittemore at age 104 is one of the oldest American centenarian men's masters track and field athlete. Julia Hawkins (age 105) competed in the 100 meter dash on Nov 6, 2021. The race was held at the Nov 6, 2021 Louisiana Senior Games at the Southeastern University’s track in Hammond, LA. [43]

Numerous Centenarians have competed at the USATF Masters Outdoor Championships and the USATF Masters Indoor Championships. At the outdoor USA Championships, Orville Rogers (age 100 in 2018) and Julia "Hurricane" Hawkins (age 101 in 2017). [44] [45] At the indoor USA Championships Everett Hosack (ages 100 and 101) competed at the 2002 and 2003 meets, [46] [47] [48] LeLand McPhie (age 100) at the 2014 meet, [49] [50] and Orville Rogers (100) and Julia “Hurricane” Hawkins (102) at the 2018 meet. [51] [52] As of 2020, no American centenarian have completed a combined event (decathlon or pentathlon). [53]

The USATF (American) Centenarian Award is presented periodically to outstanding athletes 100 years old and above. In 2017 Julia Hawkins received the award. [54] [55]

AthletePeak agePeak yearNationalityDivisionEvent(s)AchievementsRef.
Arnold Bing1021993Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints55 meter dash in 37.47 at indoor Minnesota meet on Jan 17, 1993. Masters age 102, "senior Olympics" age 103. [56] [57]
Raymonde Brown1002023Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenRacewalk [38]
Russell Clark1032004Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints50 & 200 Meter Dash Meet Record Huntsman Senior Games. 2004 Huntsman World Senior Games were held October. Born 19 Nov 1900. [58] [59]
Roy Englert1002023Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenDistance [38]
William Finch1002012Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenDistanceFinch held state (North Carolina) Senior Games records in the 800 & 1500 meter runs (M90 & M95) and 1500 meter (M100). [38] [60] [61]
Jonathan Foulke1071925Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenRunner24 Sept 1925 in Los Angeles, a centenarian runner Jonathan Foulke (107 years old) won a foot race (distance and time are unknown). Foulke was born 3 Dec 1817. [62] [63]
Everett Hosack1012003Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, Field USATF Masters Hall of Fame Hosack competed at the 2003 Penn Relays. Dec 2004 Hosack was voted Masters Track and Field M100 athlete of the year. [64] [46] [47] [48] [65] [4] [13] [66]
Robert Jones1012015Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldJones competed at the June 2015 Tennessee Senior Games at Franklin, TN. [38] [67]
James A Kales100 (99)2014Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldCompeted at August 2014 Michigan Senior Olympics. Competed as M100 at age 99 under Senior Games rules. Born 24 Sept 1914. [68] [38] [69] [70]
R Leonard Krause1002021Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldCompeted at Washington State Games in SP & DT July 2021. [71]
Tom Lane1001994Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldBorn 21 June 1894. Died 18 Aug 1997. Lane competed at the 10 Sept 10 1994 Cal Senior Games in San Diego. Lane lived in San Diego. Lane was legally blind since 1988. [72] [73]
Trent Lane1012011Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldBorn 28 March 1910. Lane competed at the June 2011 Senior Games in Houston, Texas. [74] [75] [76] [67]
Ben Levinson1031998Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenShot PutAmerican M100 athlete (age 103) competed in the shot put at the Nike World Games (Eugene, Oregon) on Aug 11, 1998. From Los Angeles, California, he was later interviewed by Jay Leno on the Tonight Show. [77] [78] [79] [80] [81]
Larry Lewis1021969Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprintsLewis ran exhibition 100 yard dash in 17.8 at Cox Stadium June 1968 (age 101), and an exhibition 17.3 at Cox Stadium June 1969 (age 102). These marks were never ratified. Lewis was born in the summer of 1867. [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89]
Waldo McBurney1002003Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, FieldDec 2003 McBurney was voted American Masters Track and Field M100 athlete of the year. [90] [4] [91]
Leland McPhie 1002014Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldWon gold medals in the weight throw, superweight throw and shot put in March 2014. [38] [49] [50]
E. Gerald Meyer 1052025Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprintsMeyer won four gold medals at a 2019 Senior Games, and competed in 2025 Wyoming Senior Games. [92]
D Paul Miller100 (99)2017Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, FieldMiller captured four gold medals at a June 2017 Senior Games. Miller age 99 competing under Senior Games rules competed with the M100 group. [93] [94] [74] [95]
Donald Pellmann 1002015Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, Field USATF Masters Hall of Fame [25] [7]
John Pugh1002013Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldPugh's last competition was in 2013 in Cleveland, Ohio, when he won gold medals in the 100-year-old category in the shot put, and discus. [74] [96]
Orville Rogers 1002018Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, Distance USATF Masters Hall of Fame [7]
Fordie Ross1002014Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldRoss' last competing was at a 2014 Senior Games. [38] [97]
George Rowswell1012018Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldRowswell last competed at a 2018 Senior Games (gold medal in the shot put). [38] [98]
John Whittemore 1042004Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldWhittemore competed (Javelin) at the Oct 2004 Club West meet in Santa Barbara. [99] [100] [5] [13] [101]
Lester Wright Sr1002022Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprintsWright completed the 100 meter dash at the 2022 Penn Relays. [102]
Frederick Winter1022017Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenSprints, FieldWinter was the first M100 American / Senior Games to complete a 100 meter dash in Minneapolis at their 2015 Senior Games. [93] [94] [74] [103]
John Zilverberg1032017Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States MenFieldZilverberg (born 2 Aug 1913) won gold medal at the 2015 South Dakota Senior Games. He competed at 103 at the 2017 Senior Games and won four T&F gold medals. [38] [104] [105] [106]
Fay Bond1012025Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenThrowing EventsThrowing Events at National Senior Games in Ames, IA [107] [108]
Ella Mae Colbert1002016Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenExhibition 100 MeterExhibition 100 Meter dash, near Chesnee, South Carolina. [109] [110]
Diane Friedman1002021Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenSprints, JTCompeted in the Sprints and JT at the Aug 15, 2021 Michigan Senior Games. [111] [112]
Julia “Hurricane” Hawkins1052021Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenSprints, Shot PutHawkins competed at the June 2019 National Senior Games in the sprints. Julia Hawkins (age 105) competed in the 100 meter dash on Nov 6, 2021. The race was held at the Nov 6, 2021 Louisiana Senior Games at the Southeastern University’s track in Hammond, LA. Hawkins was born Feb. 10, 1916. [93] [67] [7] [43] [113]
Ida Keeling 1022018Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenSprintsOn April 30, 2016, Keeling became the first woman in history to complete a 100-meter run at the age of 100. Her time of 1:17.33 was witnessed by a crowd of 44,469 at the 2016 Penn Relays. On February 24, 2018, she set a world record in the 60-meter dash event at the Imperial Dade Track Classic, with a time of 58:34 in the 100 to 104 age group. [114] [115] [116] [117]
Margaret White1001995Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States WomenShot Put, DiscusPotentially the first American W100 athlete (age 100) competing 30 July 1994 in the shot put and discus. It appears that these marks were not submitted for ratification for records. White won gold at the 29 Jan 1995 Sooner State Games (indoor). Margaret White held the W95 world record in the SP. White won an American National "W95 Age Group" award in 1992. Margaret (Palmer) White (of Turpin, OK) was the mother of Masters Hall of Fame athlete Wendell Palmer (of Pampa, TX). [118] [119] [120] [121] [122] [123] [124] [125]

Centenarian media coverage

Centenarian videos

References

  1. BMC, Biomed Central, Dec 9, 2009. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  2. Purpose 2 Play by Kim Constantinesco, March 19, 2018. Retrieved Feb 8, 2021
  3. MastersAthletics. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 National Masters News, Records, Apr 2006. Retrieved Jan 26, 201
  5. 1 2 National Masters News, Records, Apr 2002. Retrieved Jan 26, 201
  6. 2001 Meet Results, World Championship in Brisbane. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 World Masters Athletics, World Records. Retrieved Feb 7, 2021
  8. 1 2 Sports Illustrated, Aug 29, 2016. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  9. 1 2 AP News, Aug 29, 2016. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  10. Richmond News, Aug 30, 2016. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  11. Richmond News, by Alan Campbell, Aug 23, 2016. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  12. Yahoo Sports, Mar 2, 2022. Retrieved Mar 3, 2022
  13. 1 2 3 National Masters News, Feb 2002, Page 8. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  14. Masters Rankings Retrieved Oct 14, 2022
  15. 1 2 NBC Sports, Sept 26, 2015. Retrieved Jan 26, 201
  16. World Masters Athletics (WMA), World Records. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  17. 1 2 3 4 European Masters Athletics, select Data Base, enter name or age. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  18. NBC Sports, by Nick Zaccardi, Sept 26, 2015. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Masters Rankings, use athlete search function. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  20. Today, by Alexandra Zaslow, Sept 29, 2015. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  21. European Masters Athletics. Retrieved Jan 26, 201
  22. Masters Athletics, Autumn 2009. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  23. Philip Rabinowitz is Officially the World’s Fastest Centenarian
  24. "Legendary runner Flying Phil dead at 104"
  25. 1 2 3 Times of San Diego, Sept 20, 2015. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  26. European Records. List of European records in masters athletics/ Retrieved Feb 5, 2021
  27. MastersAthletics. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  28. Canadian Running magazine, Oldest marathoner recognized by Queen. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  29. Oldest website. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  30. World Masters Athletics, World Records. Retrieved May 12, 2021
  31. Meet Results. Retrieved May 12, 2021
  32. Elfi Fuchs. Retrieved May 12, 2021
  33. Athletic Weekly, 5 Sept 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2021
  34. Perth 2016 Statistics. Retrieved May 12, 2021
  35. For The Win, USA Today, Apr 16, 2017. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  36. 2019 Asian Masters Championship Meet Results. Retrieved Mar 24, 2021
  37. Deccan Herald, 31 July 2021. Retrieved 1 Aug 2021
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 World Masters Rankings, enter name under athlete search. : Retrieved September 9, 2023
  39. Edmonton Journal, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Aug 29, 2014. Retrieved Feb 25, 2021
  40. The Canadian Press, Oct 23, 2015. Retrieved Feb 25, 2021
  41. Obit Tree. Retrieved Feb 25, 2021
  42. Canadian Running Magazine, July 3, 2022. Retrieved Oct 14, 2022
  43. 1 2 WGNO News, Nov 6, 2021. Retrieved Nov 6, 2021
  44. Masters History, 2018 Meet Results. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  45. Masters History, 2017 Meet Results. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  46. 1 2 Boston Globe, Massachusetts, March 22, 2002. Retrieved Jan 20, 2021
  47. 1 2 National Masters News, May 2002. Retrieved Jan 23, 2021
  48. 1 2 Daily Record, Morristown, New Jersey, Mar 23, 2003. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  49. 1 2 Times of San Diego, Mar 17, 2014. Retrieved Jan 30, 2021
  50. 1 2 Boston Globe, Massachusetts, March 23, 2014. Retrieved Jan 20, 2021
  51. Slate, March 17, 2018. Retrieved Jan 20, 2021
  52. Greensboro News & Record, March 25, 2018. Retrieved Jan 20, 2021
  53. DecaMouse, Jan 25, 2021. Retrieved Jan 25, 2021
  54. USATF Masters. Reference Jan 26, 2021
  55. USATF, Awards. Reference Jan 26, 2021
  56. National Masters News, Mar 1993, page 29 of 32. Retrieved Mar 23, 2023
  57. Star Tribune, Apr 20, 1993. Retrieved Mar 23, 2023
  58. Huntsman Senior Games, Meet Records. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  59. Legacy, Obit. Retrieved Feb 5, 2021
  60. QCWA, July 2013. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  61. North Carolina Senior Games Records. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  62. Evening Sun, Baltimore, MD, Sept 24, 1925. Retrieved Feb 9, 2021
  63. Los Angeles Times, Apr 1, 1928. Retrieved Feb 10, 2021
  64. National Masters News, May 2002. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  65. National Masters News, Records, Feb 2006. Retrieved Jan 26, 201
  66. Philadelphia Inquirer, Pennsylvania, Apr 27, 2003. Retrieved Feb 9, 2021
  67. 1 2 3 Masters Rankings, use athlete search function. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  68. Florida Senior Games, Meet Records. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  69. Michigan Senior Olympics, 2014 Meet Results. Retrieved Feb 5, 2021
  70. mlive, obit. Retrieved Feb 5, 2021
  71. https://mastersrankings.com, Aug 28, 2021. Retrieved Aug 28, 2021
  72. National Masters News, Oct 1994. Retrieved Feb 17, 2021
  73. Bangor Daily News, Maine, Aug 27, 1997. Retrieved Feb 18, 2021
  74. 1 2 3 4 Senior Games Records, NSGA. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  75. Senior Games Records, NSGA. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  76. The Advocate, Obit. Retrieved Feb 5, 2021
  77. National Masters News,Jan 1999. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  78. National Masters News,Oct 1998. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  79. National Masters News, June 1987. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  80. 1 2 Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Hawaii, Dec 30, 1998 Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  81. 1 2 The World, Coos Bay, Oregon, Aug 12, 1998. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  82. National Masters News, June 1987. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  83. National Masters News, Jan 1999. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  84. Lexington Leader, Lexington, KY, Jul 22, 1969. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  85. Miami Herald, Florida, Feb 4, 1969. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  86. Idaho State Journal, Pocatello, Idaho, Dec 30, 1968. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  87. San Francisco Examiner, Calif, June 12, 1968. Retrieved Feb 9, 2021
  88. San Francisco Examiner, Calif, June 25, 1969. Retrieved Feb 9, 2021
  89. Glenn Fall Times, New York, July 12, 1969. Retrieved Feb 10, 2021
  90. 1 2 Daily News-Journal, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, July 7, 2003. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  91. National Masters News, Jan 2004. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  92. Senior Games in Wyoming, June 2025. Retrieved Jun 28, 2025
  93. 1 2 3 Senior Games Records, NSGA. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  94. 1 2 Senior Games Records, NSGA. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  95. IWU Sports, June 13, 2017. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  96. Courier Tribune, Sept 10, 2015. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  97. BlackPast, Jan 25, 2017. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  98. Legacy, 2018. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  99. National Masters News, April 2000. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  100. 1 2 Book: How to Make the Rest of Your Life the Best of Your Life, Art Linkletter, GoogleBooks. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  101. National Masters News, Nov 2004. Retrieved Feb 6, 2021
  102. Penn Relays meet results, Apr 30, 2022. Retrieved Apr 30, 2022
  103. Runner's World, July 10, 2015. Retrieved Jan 28, 201
  104. South Dakota Senior Games, Mar 30, 2015. Retrieved Jan 28, 201
  105. Aberdeen News, Nov 2, 2019. Retrieved Jan 28, 201
  106. AI, June 14, 2017 (updated Mar 7, 2019). Retrieved Jan 28, 201
  107. athletic.net Aug 2025. Retrieved Aug 9, 2025
  108. National Senior Games website Aug 2025.Retrieved Aug 9, 2025
  109. ABC News, May 18, 2016. Retrieved Mar 29, 2021
  110. Times of San Diego, May 21, 2016. Retrieved Mar 29, 2021
  111. Masters Rankings, Aug 25, 2021. Retrieved Aug 25, 2021
  112. Athletics Weekly Twitter, Aug 2021. Retrieved Aug 25, 2021
  113. Washington Post, June 7, 2017. Retrieved Nov 8, 2021
  114. "masterstrack.com". May 2016.
  115. "Watch: 100-year old Ida Keeling breaks 100-meter age group record". Yahoo Sports. 2 May 2016.
  116. Los Angeles Times (3 May 2016). "Watch 100-year-old Ida Keeling set a world record in the 100-meter dash, then do some push-ups". Los Angeles Times.
  117. Hochwald, Lambeth (February 27, 2018). "Meet Ida Keeling, the 102-Year-Old Who Plans to Never Stop Running". Parade.
  118. Single Age Record, 2006. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  119. Washington Post. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  120. National Masters News, May 1995. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  121. National Masters News, Jan 1993. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  122. 1 2 Oklahoma County Archives, USGW Archives, Dec 24, 1996. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  123. Daily Oklahoman, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Mar 5, 1995. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  124. Daily Oklahoman, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Jan 20, 1995. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  125. The Oklahoman, Jan 29, 1995. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  126. Sports Illustrated, Vault, Feb 6, 1995. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  127. Oklahoma Track & Field News, Feb 28, 1995. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  128. GettyImages. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021
  129. Philadelphia Inquirer, Pennsylvania, Apr 28, 2002. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  130. North County Times, Oceanside, CA, Mat 14, 2003. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  131. Hayes Daily News, Hays, Kansas, Dec 12, 2004. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  132. Santa Barbara Round Table. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  133. Sports Illustrated,July 9, 2015. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  134. ESPN, Apr 26, 2016. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  135. Runner's World, Mar 20, 2018. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  136. Express & Star news, June 20, 2019. Retrieved Jan 28, 2021
  137. BBC, May 21, 2020. Retrieved Jan 27, 2021
  138. CNBC Sports, Mar 19, 2018. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  139. Facebook Video, Dec 15, 2015. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  140. NBC Sports Video, 2016 Penn Relays. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  141. YouTube, Feb 28, 2018. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  142. International Masters Games Association. Retrieved Jan 26, 2021
  143. ESPN, July 28. 2019. : Retrieved Jan 26, 2021

Further reading