 |
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(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| |
|---|
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| French Suzerainty | ||
| French colony (under the Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique) | ||
| 1635 | Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc, Governor | |
| 1635 to 1636 | Jean Dupont, Governor | |
| 1636 to 1646 | Jacques Dyel du Parquet, Governor | 1st time |
| February 1646 to January 1647 | Jérôme du Sarrat, sieur de La Pierrière, interim Governor | |
| 1647 to 1650 | Jacques Dyel du Parquet, Governor | 2nd time |
| Granted to the Dyel du Parquet family | ||
| 1650 to 1658 | Jacques Dyel du Parquet, Governor | 2nd time |
| 1658 to 1659 | Marie Bonnard du Parquet, Governor | ? |
| 1659 to October 1662 | Adrien Dyel de Vaudroques, Governor | |
| 1662 to 1663 | Médéric Rolle de Goursolas, Governor | |
| 1663 to 1664 | Jean Dyel de Clermont, Governor | |
| Under the Compagnie des Indes Occidentales | ||
| 1664 to 1665 | Jean Dyel de Clermont, Governor | |
| February 1665 to December 1667 | Robert de Clodoré, Governor | |
| 1667 to 1672 | François Rolle de Laubière, acting Governor | |
| December 1672 to 1674 | Antoine André de Sainte-Marthe, Governor | |
| French crown colony | ||
| 1674 to December 1679 | Antoine André de Sainte-Marthe, Governor | |
| 1680 to 1687 | Jacques de Chambly, Governor | |
| 1687 to 1689 | Charles de Pechpeyrou-Comminges de Guitaut, Governor | |
| February 1689 to 31 March 1689 | Claude de Roux de Saint-Laurent, interim Governor | |
| 1689 to June 1711 | Nicolas de Gabaret, Governor | |
| 1711 to 1716 | Jean-Pierre de Charitte, Governor | Did not take up post |
| 1716 | Abraham de Bellebat, marquis du Quesne, Governor | |
| 7 January 1717 to 23 May 1717 | Antoine d'Arcy, sieur de La Varenne, Governor | |
| 1717(?) to 1720 | Florimond Hurault de Montigny, Governor | Supposedly hanged by pirate Bartholomew Roberts [1] [2] [3] [4] |
| 1720 to 1727 | Jacques Charles de Bochard de Noray de Champigny, Governor | |
| 1728 to March 1742 | Jean François Louis de Brach, Governor | |
| 1742 to 1744 | André Martin, sieur de Pointesable, Governor | |
| 1744 to 12 May 1750 | Charles de Tubières de Caylus, Governor | |
| 1750 to 1752 | Maximin de Bompart, Governor | Acting to 1752 |
| 1752 to 1757 | Alexandre Rouillé de Rocourt, Governor | |
| May 1757 to 7 February 1761 | François V de Beauharnais, Governor | |
| February 1761 to February 1762 | Louis-Charles Le Vassor de La Touche, Governor | |
| British Occupation | ||
| February 1762 to July 1763 | William Rufane, Governor | |
| French Suzerainty | ||
| July 1763 to April 1764 | François Louis de Salignac, Governor | |
| 25 January 1765 to 1768 | Victor-Thérèse Charpentier, Governor | |
| Part of the French Antilles | ||
| 1768 to 1772 | Victor-Thérèse Charpentier, Governor | |
| 9 March 1772 to 15 March 1776 | Vital Auguste, marquis de Grégoire, comte de Nozières, Governor | |
| 15 March 1776 to May 1777 | Robert d'Argout, Governor | |
| May 1777 to March 1783 | François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé, Governor | |
| Separate colony | ||
| March 1783 to March 1791 | Claude Charles de Marillac, vicomte de Damas, Governor | |
| July 1789 to April 1790 | Charles du Houx de Vioménil, acting Governor | Acting for Damas |
| 12 March 1791 to September 1792 | Jean Pierre Antoine, comte de Béhague, Governor | |
| January 1793 to 22 May 1794 | Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau, Governor | |
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| British Occupation | ||
| 1794 | Robert Prescott , Governor | |
| 1794 to 1795 | Sir John Vaughan , Governor | |
| 1795 to 1796 | Sir Robert Shore Milnes , Governor | |
| 1796 to 1802 | Sir William Keppel , Governor | |
| French Suzerainty | ||
| May 1802 to 1804 | Charles-Henri Bertin , Colonial Prefect | |
| 1804 to 1809 | Pierre-Clément de Laussat , Colonial Prefect | |
| September 1802 to 21 February 1809 | Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse , Captain-General | |
| British Occupation | ||
| 21 February 1809 to 1809 | Sir George Beckwith , Captain-General | |
| 10 June 1809 to 1812 | Major-General John Brodrick , Captain-General | |
| 1812 to 1814 | Sir Charles Wale , Captain-General | |
| 1814 | Sir John Lindsay , Captain-General | |
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| French Suzerainty | ||
| 1814 to 10 September 1817 | Pierre René Marie, comte de Vaugiraud , Captain-General | |
| 10 September 1817 to 1818 | Pierre René Marie, comte de Vaugiraud , Governor | |
| 1818 to 1826 | François Xavier, comte de Donzelot , Governor | |
| 1826 to 1829 | François Marie Michel de Bouillé , Governor | |
| 1829 to 1830 | Louis Henri de Saulces de Freycinet , Governor | |
| 1830 to 1834 | Jean Henri Joseph Dupôtet , Governor | |
| 1834 to 1836 | Emmanuel Halgan , Governor | |
| 1836 to January 1838 | Ange René Armand, baron de Mackau , Governor | |
| January 1838 to July 1838 | Claude Rostoland , acting Governor | 1st time |
| 1838 to 1840 | Alphonse Louis Théodore de Mogès , Governor | |
| 1840 to 1844 | Étienne Henri Mengin Duval d'Ailly , Governor | |
| 1844 to March 1848 | Pierre Louis Aimé Mathieu , Governor | |
| March 1848 to 3 June 1848 | Claude Rostoland , acting Governor | 2nd time |
| 3 June 1848 to November 1848 | François Auguste Perrinon , Governor | |
| 1848 to 1851 | Armand Joseph Bruat , Governor | |
| 11 April 1851 to 1853 | Auguste-Nicolas Vaillant , Governor | |
| 1853 | Jacques Brunot , acting Governor | |
| 15 June 1853 to September 1856 | Louis Henri de Gueydon , Governor | |
| 1856 | Louis André Lagrange , acting Governor | 1st time |
| August 1856 to 1859 | Armand Louis Joseph Denis, comte Fitte de Soucy , Governor | |
| 1859 | Louis André Lagrange , acting Governor | 2nd time |
| 1859 to 1864 | Antoine Marie Ferdinand de Maussion de Candé , Governor | |
| 1864 to 1867 | François Théodore de Lapelin , Governor | |
| 1867 | André César Vérand , acting Governor | |
| 1867 to 1869 | Charles Bertier , Governor | |
| 1869 to 1870 | Marie Gabriel Couturier , acting Governor | |
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1870 to 1871 | Charles Louis Constant Menche de Loisne , Governor | |
| 1871 | Octave Bernard Gilbert-Pierre , acting Governor | |
| 1871 to 1874 | Georges Charles Cloué , Governor | |
| 1874 | François Charles Michaux , acting Governor | |
| 1875 to 1877 | Thomas Louis Kirkland Le Normant de Kergrist , Governor | |
| 1877 to 1879 | Marie Bruno Ferdinand Grasset , Governor | |
| 1879 | Charles Alexandre Lacouture , acting Governor | |
| 1879 to 1881 | Hyacinthe Laurent Théophile Aube , Governor | |
| 1881 | J. C. Morau, acting Governor | |
| 1881 to 1887 | Vincent Gaëtan Allègre , Governor | |
| 1887 | Coridon, acting Governor | |
| 1887 to 1889 | Louis Albert Grodet , Governor | |
| 20 October 1889 – 1 September 1890 | Germain Casse , Governor | |
| 4 February 1891 to June 1895 | Delphino Moracchini , Governor | |
| 1895 to 1898 | Noël Pardon , Governor | |
| 1898 to 1901 | Marie Louis Gustave Gabrié , Governor | |
| 16 July 1901 to 8 May 1902 | Louis Mouttet , Governor | |
| May 1902 to 1902 | Georges Lhuerre , acting Governor | |
| 1902 to 1904 | Jean Baptiste Philémon Lemaire , Governor | |
| 1904 to 1906 | Louis Alphonse Bonhoure , Governor | |
| 10 March 1906 to 1908 | Charles Louis Lepreux , Governor | |
| 1908 to 1913 | Fernand Foureau , Governor | |
| 1913 to 1914 | Joseph Henri Alfred Vacher , Governor | |
| 1914 to 1915 | Georges Virgile Poulet , Governor | |
| 1915 to 1920 | Camille Lucien Xavier Guy , Governor | |
| 1920 to 1921 | Jules Maurice Gourbeil , Governor | |
| 1921 to 1922 | Fernand Ernest Levecque , Governor | |
| 1922 to 1923 | Charles Sergent-Alleaume , [5] interim Governor | |
| 1923 to 1926 | Henri Marius Richard , Governor | |
| 1926 to 1928 | Robert Paul Marie de Guise , Governor | |
| 14 February 1928 to 15 July 1932 | Louis Martial Innocent Gerbinis , Governor | 1st time |
| 15 July 1932 to 23 August 1932 | Adolphe Félix Sylvestre Éboué , acting Governor | 1st time |
| 23 August 1932 to 4 June 1933 | Louis Martial Innocent Gerbinis , Governor | 2nd time |
| 4 June 1933 to 7 January 1934 | Adolphe Félix Sylvestre Éboué , acting Governor | 2nd time |
| 7 January 1934 to 1934 | Louis Martial Innocent Gerbinis , Governor | 3rd time |
| 1934 | René Veber , Governor | |
| 1934 to 1935 | Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa , Governor | |
| 1935 to 1936 | Louis Jacques Eugène Fousset , Governor | |
| 1936 | Marie Marc Georges Pelicier , Governor | |
| 22 October 1936 to 7 January 1938 | Jean-Baptiste Alberti , Governor | |
| 1938 | Léopold Arthur André Allys , acting Governor | |
| 1938 to 1939 | Maurice Xavier Joseph Dechartre , Governor | |
| 1939 to 1940 | Georges Aimé Spitz , Governor | |
| 1940 to March 1941 | Louis Henri François Denis Bressoles , Governor | |
| March 1941 to July 1943 | Yves Maurice Nicol , Governor | |
| 14 July 1943 to 31 July 1944 | Louis Georges André Ponton , Governor | Acting to 17 September 1943 |
| 1944 to January 1945 | Antoine Marie Angelini , Governor |
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 14 January 1945 to 1946 | Georges Hubert Parisot , Governor | |
| French overseas département | ||
| 1946 to 1947 | Georges Louis Joseph Orselli , Governor | |
| 18 July 1947 to 27 July 1950 | Pierre Albert Trouillé , Prefect | |
| 25 August 1950 to 1 November 1954 | Christian Robert Roger Laigret , Prefect | |
| 1 November 1954 to 16 June 1957 | Gaston Claude Villéger , Prefect | |
| 1 August 1957 to 1 January 1960 | Jacques Alphonse Boissier , Prefect | |
| 1 January 1960 to 25 April 1961 | Jean Parsi , Prefect | |
| 25 April 1961 to 8 November 1963 | Michel Grollemund , Prefect | |
| 21 November 1963 to 16 September 1966 | Raphaël Roman Hubert Petit , Prefect | |
| 16 September 1966 to 1 August 1967 | Pierre Francis Lambertin , Prefect | |
| 7 August 1967 to 20 June 1969 | Jean Deliau , Prefect | |
| 1 September 1969 to 15 June 1970 | Pierre Béziau , Prefect | |
| 1 July 1970 to 1 July 1973 | Jean Benjamin Terrade , Prefect | |
| 1 July 1973 to 15 November 1975 | Christian Ernest Orsetti , Prefect | |
| 15 November 1975 to 20 May 1978 | Paul Noirot-Cosson , Prefect | |
| 20 May 1978 to 3 May 1979 | Raymond Raoul Émile Heim , Prefect | |
| 3 May 1979 to 27 July 1981 | Marcel Lucien Paul Julia , Prefect | |
| 27 July 1981 to 10 May 1982 | Jean Chevance , Prefect | |
| 10 May 1982 to 6 March 1985 | Jean Chevance , Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 6 March 1985 to 4 November 1987 | Édouard Lacroix , Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 4 November 1987 to 24 February 1988 | Jean Jouandet , Commissioner of the Republic | |
| 24 February 1988 to 12 April 1989 | Jean Jouandet , Prefect | |
| 12 April 1989 to 4 September 1991 | Jean-Claude Roure , Prefect | |
| 4 September 1991 to 6 January 1995 | Michel Morin , Prefect | |
| 6 January 1995 to 24 August 1998 | Jean-François Cordet , Prefect | |
| 31 August 1998 to 21 June 2000 | Dominique Bellion , Prefect | |
| 24 July 2000 to 28 March 2003 | Michel Cadot , Prefect | |
| French overseas region | ||
| 28 March 2003 to 9 February 2004 | Michel Cadot , Prefect | |
| 9 February 2004 to 20 June 2007 | Yves Dassonville , Prefect | |
| 20 June 2007 to 2 August 2007 | Patrice Latron , interim Prefect | |
| 2 August 2007 to 28 March 2011 | Ange Mancini , Prefect | |
|5 February 2020 to 29 July 2022|| Stanislas Cazelles , Prefect|| |} |since 23 August 2022|| Jean-Christophe Bouvier , Prefect|| |}
Edward Teach, better known as Blackbeard, was an English pirate who operated around the West Indies and the eastern coast of Britain's North American colonies. Little is known about his early life, but he may have been a sailor on privateer ships during Queen Anne's War before he settled on the Bahamian island of New Providence, a base for Captain Benjamin Hornigold, whose crew Teach joined around 1716. Hornigold placed him in command of a sloop that he had captured, and the two engaged in numerous acts of piracy. Their numbers were boosted by the addition to their fleet of two more ships, one of which was commanded by Stede Bonnet, but Hornigold retired from piracy toward the end of 1717, taking two vessels with him.
Jolly Roger is the traditional English name for the ensign flown to identify a pirate ship preceding or during an attack, during the early 18th century. The vast majority of such flags flew the motif of a human skull, or “Death's Head”, often accompanied by other elements, on a black field, sometimes called the “Death's Head flag” or just the “black flag”.
Bartholomew Roberts, born John Roberts, was a Welsh pirate who was, measured by vessels captured, the most successful pirate of the Golden Age of Piracy. During his piratical career, he took over 400 prize ships, although most were mere fishing boats. Roberts raided ships off the Americas and the West African coast between 1719 and 1722; he is also noted for creating his own pirate code, and adopting an early variant of the Skull and Crossbones flag.
John Rackham, commonly known as Calico Jack, was an English pirate captain operating in the Bahamas and in Cuba during the early 18th century. His nickname was derived from the calico clothing that he wore, while Jack is a nickname for "John".
Benjamin Hornigold was an English pirate who operated during the tail end of the Golden Age of Piracy.
Colonel William Rhett was an English-born planter, politician and military officer who immigrated to the Carolinas, where he spent the majority of his life. Born in London, Rhett emigrated to North America in 1694, accompanied by his wife Sarah. He gradually acquired ownership over several slave plantations which specialized in producing rice. Rhett also sat in the South Carolina General Assembly and served in the colonial militia; in 1718, he commanded two chartered sloops and defeated the Barbadian pirate Stede Bonnet in the Battle of Cape Fear River.
The Golden Age of Piracy is a common designation for the period between the 1650s and the 1730s, when maritime piracy was a significant factor in the histories of the North Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
Charles Vane was an English pirate who operated in the Bahamas during the end of the Golden Age of Piracy.
Jeremiah Cocklyn, better known by the name Thomas Cocklyn, was an English pirate known primarily for his association with Howell Davis, Olivier Levasseur, Richard Taylor, and William Moody.
Dirk Chivers was a Dutch pirate active in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean.
Thomas Sutton was a pirate from Berwick, Scotland, active off the coast of the African continent. He was best known for sailing alongside Bartholomew Roberts.
Nicholas Woodall was a pirate and smuggler active in the Caribbean. He is best known for his involvement with Charles Vane and Benjamin Hornigold.
Joseph Thompson was a pirate from Trinidad, Cuba, and was active in the Caribbean. He is primarily known for a single incident involving grenades.
Simon Mascarino was a Portuguese pirate active in the Caribbean. He was also a privateer in service of the Spanish.
John Cockram was a pirate, trader, and pirate hunter in the Caribbean, best known for his association with Admiral Benjamin Hornigold.
Mathurin Desmarestz was a French pirate and buccaneer active in the Caribbean, the Pacific, and the Indian Ocean.
Daniel Porter was a pirate and trader active in the Caribbean. He is best known for his associations with Benjamin Hornigold and Bartholomew Roberts.
William Fox was a pirate active in the Caribbean and off the African coast. He was indirectly associated with a number of more prominent pirates such as Bartholomew Roberts, Edward England, and Richard Taylor.
Jonathan Barnet was an English privateer in the Caribbean, best known for capturing pirates Calico Jack, Anne Bonny, and Mary Read. The Assembly of the Colony of Jamaica gave him a financial reward, and a large estate in the parish of St James worked by African slaves.
John Macferson was a minor English pirate active in the Atlantic. He is best known for a single incident involving a Portuguese ship, and for being one of the last pirates of the Golden Age.