Assembly of Martinique Assemblée de Martinique | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Leadership | |
President | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 51 |
 | |
Political groups | |
| Elections | |
| Proportional two-round ballot with majority bonus | |
First election | 13 December 2015 |
Last election | 20 June 2021 |
Next election | 2027 |
The assembly of Martinique is the deliberative assembly of Martinique, which is a single territorial collectivity of France. In 2015 it replaced both the Regional and General Councils of Martinique.
The Martinican assembly is made up of 51 members, [1] who are elected for six year terms.
The voting system is similar to that used for regional elections: it is a multi-member proportional election with two rounds with majority bonus. In the first round, if a list receives the absolute majority of the votes cast, it receives a premium of 11 seats and the remaining seats are allocated to all the lists having received at least 5% of the votes cast.
If no list receives the absolute majority, a second round takes place: the list which comes first in the second round receives the premium of 11 seats and the remaining seats are allocated to all the lists having received at least 5% of the votes cast. For the distribution of seats within each list, the territory of Martinique is divided into four electoral sections corresponding to the legislative constituencies. [2]
The first elections for the assembly were held on 13 December 2015. Gran Sanblé pou ba peyi an chans, a coalition of the Martinican Independence Movement and right-wing parties, led by Alfred Marie-Jeanne, defeated Ensemble pour une Martinique Nouvelle , a coalition of left-wing parties, led by Serge Letchimy, winning 33 out of 51 seats. [3] [4] [5]
Martinique is an overseas Territorial collectivity of France, with the same political status as regions and departments in mainland France. The administrative centre of Martinique is located in Fort-de-France.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate. The National Assembly's legislators are known as députés, meaning "delegate" or "envoy" in English; etymologically, it is a cognate of the English word deputy, the standard term for legislators in many parliamentary systems.
France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with a bicameral legislature. Public officials in the legislative and executive branches are either elected by the citizens or appointed by elected officials. Referenda may also be called to consult the French citizenry directly on a particular question, especially one which concerns amendment to the Constitution.
Martinique is a Single territorial collectivity of France. Martinique elects one deputy to the national assembly from each of four constituencies. It elects on regional/départemental level a legislature, called the Assembly of Martinique, by proportional representation from each of the national assembly constituencies.
The Martinican Independence Movement or MIM is a left-wing political party in the overseas department of Martinique, founded July 1, 1978 by Alfred Marie-Jeanne with the aim of securing "the decolonization and independence of Martinique". Its secretary is the deputy and president of the Regional Council of Martinique. It has one seat in the French National Assembly.
The following is a list of the 45 former cantons of the Martinique department, an overseas department of France, sorted by arrondissement. The cantons were abolished in 2015, when the Assembly of Martinique replaced the General Council of Martinique and the Regional Council of Martinique.
Alfred Marie-Jeanne is a French politician, a leader in the Martinican Independence Movement (MIM) since 1978. He served as mayor of the commune of Rivière-Pilote from 1971 to 2000 and served as President of the Regional Council of Martinique from March 20, 1998, to March 22, 2010. Alfred Marie-Jeanne represented Martinique's 1st constituency in the French National Assembly from 2012 to 2017. He was succeeded in this constituency by Josette Manin.
Panachage is a mixed single vote variant of list proportional representation. In panachage, voters support individual candidates. Voters have multiple votes, which they can split between individual candidates in different party lists. Seats are allocated to each party based on the number of votes for all of its candidates. Seats allocated to a party go to that party's most-popular candidates.
Legislative elections were held in France on 10 and 17 June 2012 to select the members of the 14th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic, a little over a month after the presidential election run-off held on 6 May.
The 3rd constituency of Martinique is a French legislative constituency in the Martinique département. It consists of the commune of Fort-de-France, the capital of Martinique. In every election of the Fifth Republic, with the exceptions of the 2002 and 2024, it has returned a member of the Martinican Progressive Party.
Municipal elections in France allow the people to elect members of the City Council in each commune. These are called conseillers municipaux. They elect the mayor, who chairs the city council, as well as Deputies to the Mayor. The term of office of councilors, the mayor and his deputies is, in principle, six years.
In France, a municipal council is an elected body of the commune responsible for "executing, in its deliberations, the business of the town" (translated).
Senators in France are elected by indirect universal suffrage, by a panel of "electors". Half of the Senate seats are up for election every three years; the term of office is six years.
Regional elections were held in France on 6 and 13 December 2015. At stake were the regional councils in metropolitan and overseas France including the Corsican Assembly and inaugural seats in the Assembly of French Guiana and Assembly of Martinique, all for a six-year term. The Departmental Council of Mayotte, which also exercises the powers of a region, was the only region not participating in this election, having already been renewed on 2 April 2015. There were 18 regional presidencies at stake, with 13 in mainland France and Corsica, as well as 5 overseas. Though they do not have legislative autonomy, these territorial collectivities manage sizable budgets. Moreover, regional elections are often taken as a mid-term opinion poll.
Senatorial elections were held on 24 September 2017 to renew 170 of 348 seats in the Senate of the French Fifth Republic.
The 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic was the French Parliament that was in office from 27 June 2017 until 21 June 2022. The party of President Emmanuel Macron, La République En Marche! (LREM), obtained an absolute majority of 308 deputies, alongside its ally, the Democratic Movement (MoDem), which secured 42 seats. The newly-installed deputies elected François de Rugy as President of the National Assembly when the National Assembly first convened on 27 June. The legislative election saw a record level of renewal, with only a quarter of the deputies elected in 2012 also elected in 2017, as well as a significant increase in the representation of women and youth. With seven planned parliamentary groups, it would be the most fragmented National Assembly since 1958.
The first Regional Elections of Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie were held on 6 and 13 December 2015. At stake were the Regional Council of Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie.
The 2020 French municipal elections were held from 15 March to 28 June to renew the municipal councils of the approximately 35,000 French communes. The first round took place on 15 March and the second round was postponed to 28 June due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Legislative elections were held in France on 12 and 19 June 2022 to elect the 577 members of the 16th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. The elections took place following the 2022 French presidential election, which was held in April 2022. They have been described as the most indecisive legislative elections since the establishment of the five-year presidential term in 2000 and subsequent change of the electoral calendar in 2002. The governing Ensemble coalition remained the largest bloc in the National Assembly but substantially lost its ruling majority, resulting in the formation of France's first minority government since 1993; for the first time since 1997, the incumbent president of France did not have an absolute majority in Parliament. As no alliance won a majority, it resulted in a hung parliament for the first time since 1988.
Regional elections were held in France on 20 June and 27 June 2021. At stake were the regional councils in metropolitan and overseas France including the Corsican Assembly, Assembly of French Guiana and Assembly of Martinique, all for a six-year term. The Departmental Council of Mayotte, which also exercises the powers of a region, also participated in this election, because the departmental elections were held at the same time. Eighteen regional presidencies were at stake, with thirteen in mainland France and Corsica, as well as five overseas. Though they do not have legislative autonomy, these territorial collectivities manage sizable budgets. Moreover, regional elections are often perceived as a mid-term opinion poll. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the regional and departmental elections were postponed, first to 13 and 20 June 2021 and then to 20 and 27 June 2021.
 Politics of French regions | |
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