This list of countries without political parties includes countries and dependencies with permanent populations that have no registered political parties.[1] Some have opposition groups that operate clandestinely.
↑ Janda, Kenneth; Kwak, Jin-Young (2015-11-17), "8. Governance without Party Systems", Party Systems and Country Governance, Routledge, pp.123–134, ISBN978-1-317-25476-8
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