List of former heads of regimes who were sentenced to death

Last updated

This is an incomplete list of former heads of regimes, like presidents, prime ministers and monarchs, who were sentenced to death by the succeeding regime.

Contents

LeaderCountryBornTitleDiedNotes
Ion Antonescu Flag of Romania.svg  Romania June 15, 1882Prime minister (1940–1944)June 1, 1946Executed by firing squad
Ivan Bagryanov Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria October 29, 1891Prime minister (1944)February 1, 1945Executed
Celâl Bayar Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey May 16, 1883President (1950-1960)
Prime minister (1937–1939)		August 22, 1986Sentence commuted; released in 1964
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan January 5, 1928President (1971–1973)
Prime minister (1973–1977)		April 4, 1979Executed by hanging
Jean-Bédel Bokassa Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Empire February 22, 1921Emperor (1976–1979)
President (1966–1976)		November 3, 1996Sentence commuted; released in 1993
Dobri Bozhilov Flag of Bulgaria (1971-1990).svg  Bulgaria June 13, 1884Prime minister (1943–1944)February 1, 1945Executed
Nicolae Ceaușescu Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg  Romania January 26, 1918President (1967–1989)December 25, 1989Executed by firing squad
Charles I of England Flag of England.svg  England
Flag of Scotland.svg  Scotland
Saint Patrick's Saltire.svg  Ireland 		November 19, 1600King (1625–1649)January 30, 1649Executed by decapitation
Chen Gongbo Flag of the Republic of China-Nanjing (Peace, Anti-Communism).svg Collaborationist China 1892President (1944–1945)June 3, 1946Executed by firing squad
Chun Doo-hwan Flag of South Korea (1984-1997).svg  South Korea January 18, 1931President (1980–1988)November 23, 2021Sentence commuted; released in 1997
Bogdan Filov Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria April 9, 1883Prime minister (1940–1943)February 2, 1945Executed
Amir-Abbas Hoveyda State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg  Iran February 18, 1919Prime minister (1965–1977)April 7, 1979Executed by firing squad
Lady Jane Grey Flag of England.svg  England c. 1536Queen (1553)July 19, 1553Executed
Li Si China (Qin dynasty)c. 280 BCChancellor (? to 208 BCE)208 BCExecuted by waist chop
Liang Hongzhi Flag of China (1912-1928).svg Collaborationist China 1882Chairman (1938–1940)1946-11Executed by firing squad
Louis XVI of France Royal Standard of the King of France.svg  France August 23, 1754King (1774–1792)January 21, 1793Executed by decapitation (guillotine)
Patrice Lumumba Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1966-1971).svg  Congo July 2, 1925Prime Minister (1960)January 17, 1961Executed by firing squad
Francisco Macías Nguema Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea January 1, 1924President (1968–1979)September 29, 1979Executed
Ferdinand Marcos Flag of the Philippines (light blue).svg  Philippines September 11, 1917President (1965–1986)September 28, 1989Sentence commuted; released in 22 October 1940
Mary, Queen of Scots Flag of Scotland.svg  Scotland December 8, 1542Queen of Scotland (1542–1567)February 8, 1587Beheaded by order of Queen Elizabeth I of England to prevent her inheriting the English throne.
Alphonse Massamba-Débat Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Congo-Brazzaville 1921President (1963–1968)
Prime minister (1963)		March 25, 1977Executed
Adnan Menderes Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 1899Prime minister (1950–1960)September 17, 1961Executed by hanging
Mengistu Haile Mariam Flag of Ethiopia (1987-1991).svg  Ethiopia May 21, 1937Head of state (1977-1987)
President (1987-1991)		LivingConvicted in absentia
Benito Mussolini Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy July 29, 1883Prime minister (1922–1943)April 28, 1945Executed by firing squad
Imre Nagy Flag of Hungary (1949-1956; 1-2 aspect ratio).svg  Hungary June 7, 1896Prime minister (1953–1955, 1956)June 16, 1958Executed by hanging
Mohammad Najibullah Flag of Afghanistan (1980-1987).svg  Afghanistan 1947President (1987–1992)September 27, 1996Executed by hanging
Nicholas II of Russia Flag of Russia.svg  Russia May 18, 1868 [1] Emperor (1894–1917)July 17, 1918 [2] Executed
Philippe Pétain Flag of France (1794-1958).svg  Vichy France April 24, 1856Head of state (1940–1944)July 23, 1951Sentence commuted to life imprisonment
Vidkun Quisling Flag of Norway.svg  Norway July 18, 1887Minister president (1942–1945)October 24, 1945Executed by firing squad
Edward James Roye Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia March 11, 1815President (1870–1871)February 11, 1872Sentenced to death, died in uncertain circumstances before sentence was carried out
Saddam Hussein Flag of Iraq (1991-2004).svg  Iraq April 28, 1937President (1979–2003)December 30, 2006Executed by hanging
Sima Chi China (Western Jin)284Emperor (307 to 311)March 14, 313Executed prisoner of war
Sima Ye China (Western Jin)300Emperor (313 to 316)February 7, 318Executed prisoner of war
Ferenc Szálasi Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg  Hungary January 6, 1897Nationleader (1944–1945)March 12, 1946Executed
Jozef Tiso Flag of First Slovak Republic 1939-1945.svg  Slovakia October 13, 1887President (1939–1945)April 18, 1947Executed by hanging
Hideki Tojo Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg  Japan December 30, 1884Prime minister (1941–1944)December 23, 1948Executed by hanging
Moussa Traoré Flag of Mali.svg  Mali September 25, 1936President (1968–1991)September 15, 2020Sentence commuted; released in 2002
Wen Tianxiang China (Song dynasty)June 6, 1236Chancellor (1275–78)January 9, 1283Executed prisoner of war
Ying Ziying China (Qin dynasty)UnknownEmperor (207 BC)January 206 BCExecuted prisoner of war
Zhao Gao China (Qin dynasty)UnknownChancellor (208 BC–207 BC)207 BCExecuted
Zhao Xian China (Song dynasty)November 2, 1271Emperor (1274–76)May 1323Executed
Émile Derlin Zinsou Flag of Benin.svg  Dahomey March 23, 1918President (1968-–)July 28, 2016Convicted in absentia
Georgios Papadopoulos Flag of Greece.svg  Greece May 5, 1919Prime Minister (1967–1973)
Regent (1972-1973)
President (June 1 to November 25, 1973)		May 27, 1999Sentence commuted to life imprisonment

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 6 May 1868, in the Julian calendar
  2. ↑ 4 July 1918, in the Julian calendar

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