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This is a simplified table of Japanese kanji visual components (graphemes) that does away with all the archaic forms found in the Japanese version of the Kangxi radicals.
The 214 Kanji radicals are technically classifiers as they are not always etymologically correct, [1] but since linguistics uses that word in the sense of "classifying" nouns (such as in counter words), dictionaries commonly call the kanji components radicals. As dictionaries have moved from textbooks to interactive screens, the term "radicals" seems to now be used for any kanji component used in a visual search.
There are two readings for a kanji: On'yomi and Kun'yomi. On'yomi is a reading derived from the Chinese way of reading, Kun'yomi is the original Japanese reading.
The six radicals that occur the most frequently [2] (in order of frequency) [3] and make up 25% of the 2136 Jōyō kanji:
mouth, opening (not to be confused with box radical 囗) Kun: くち On: コウ、 ク
water Kun: みず、 みず- On: スイ
tree Kun: き、 こ- On: ボク、 モク
person, human Kun: ひと、 -り、 -と On: ジン、 ニン
hand Kun: て、 て-、 -て、 た- On: シュ、 ズ
heart radical, spirit, mind Kun: こころ、 -ごころ On: シン | Fourteen radicals that together with the above make up 50% of Jōyō kanji:
word, say, speech / to speak Kun: い.う、 こと On: ゲン、 ゴン
sun, day, Sunday, time, counter for days Kun: ひ、 -び、 -か On: ニチ、 ジツ
silk/thread Kun: いと On: シ
(a variant of ⽷) short thread radical Kun: ちいさい On: ヨウ
meat/organ, flesh Kun: しし On: ニク
moon, month, Monday, period, counter for months Kun: つき On: ゲツ、 ガツ
ground, soil, earth, ground, Turkey Kun: つち On: ド、 ト
(a variant of ⾡) go/road radical, walk, to advance
grass/plant radical
roof/crown radical, roof (house), shaped crown On: ベン、 メン
shell, property, wealth Kun: かい On: バイ
woman / female Kun: おんな、 め On: ジョ、 ニョ、 ニョウ
wall/hill/village radical (left side) large village radical (right side) place, left village radical, country, city Kun: こざと
gold/metal, mineral Kun: かね、 かな-、 -がね On: キン、 コン、 ゴン | Thirty-one radicals that together with the above make up 75% of Jōyō kanji:
one Kun: ひと-、 ひと.つ On: イチ、 イツ
knife, sword Kun: かたな、 そり On: トウ Variants: 刂 (つくり) right side of the kanji
ten, complete Kun: とお、 と、 そ On: ジュウ、 ジッ、 ジュッ
rice field / rice paddy Kun: た On: デン Variants: 田 (へん) left side of the kanji
fire Kun: ひ、 -び、 ほ- On: カ Variants: 火 (へん), 灬 (あし) left side of the kanji, bottom of the kanji
big, very Kun: おお-、 おお.きい、 -おお.いに On: ダイ、 タイ
mountain Kun: やま On: サン、 セン Variants: 山 (へん), かんむり left side of the kanji, top of kanji
eat, food, to eat Kun: く.う、 く.らう、 た.べる、 は.む On: ショク、 ジキ Variants: 食=飠 (へん) left side of the kanji
vehicle, cart, car, wheel Kun: くるま On: シャ Variants: 車 (へん) left side of the kanji
walking/going person radical , stop, linger, loiter, ,step, stride, street, to go Kun: たたず.む On: テキ Variants: 彳 (へん), ⾏ (かまえ) left side of the kanji, enclose the kanji
eye radical, class, look, insight, experience, care favor Kun: め、 -め、 ま- On: モク、 ボク Variants: 目 (へん), 目 (かんむり), left side of the kanji, top of kanji
rain Kun: あめ、 あま-、 -さめ On: ウ Variants: 雨 (かんむり) top of kanji
dog Kun: いぬ、 いぬ- On: ケン Variants: 犭 (へん) left side of the kanji
king radical, rule, magnate On: オウ、 -ノウ
ball, jewel / jewelry Kun: たま、 たま-、 -だま On: ギョク
stone Kun: いし On: セキ、 シャク、 コク Variants: 石 (へん) left side of the kanji
power radical, strength, strong, strain, bear up, exert Kun: ちから On: リョク、 リキ、 リイ
garment, clothing / clothes, dressing Kun: ころも、 きぬ、 -ぎ On: イ、 エ Variants: 石=衤(へん) left side of the kanji
bow ( in archery, violin ) Kun: ゆみ On: キュウ Variants: 弓(へん) left side of the kanji
bamboo Kun: たけ On: チク Variants: ⺮ (かんむり) on the top of kanji
again, right hand, on the other hand Kun: また、 また-、 また.の- On: ユウ
action radical, folding chair radical, strike, activity, to strike, hit On: ホク Variants: ⽁ (つくり), 攵 (つくり) on the right side of the kanji
winter radical, to follow, late, delayed Kun: しゅう On: チ
show on an altar radical, altar, festival, religious service, indicate, point out, express, display Kun: しめ.す On: ジ、 シ Variants: 示=礻 (へん) the left side of the kanji
bird radical, wine / alcohol, sake jar, bird, west, sign of the bird, 5-7PM, tenth sign of Chinese zodiac Kun: とり On: ユウ Variants: 酉 (へん) left side of the kanji
(not to be confused with mouth radical 口) box, or enclosure radical On: イ、 コク Variants: 囗 = (かまえ) enclose the kanji
grain radical, two-branch tree radical Kun: いね On: カ Variants: 禾 = (へん) left side of the kanji
building / house on a cliff radical, slanting roof On: ゲン Variants: 广 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
sickness radical / trailing sickness radical Kun: や.む On: ダク、 ニャク、 ソウ、 ジョウ、 シツ Variants: 疒 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
cloth radical, towel, hanging scroll, width, Kun: おお.い、 ちきり、 きれ On: キン、 フク Variants: 巾 (へん) left side of the kanji
flag, corpse radical, remains Kun: かたしろ On: シ Variants: 尸 = (たれ) Radicals which "hang down"
inch (2.25 cm)/sundial, measurement, tenth of a shaku, a little, small degree radical On: スン Variants: 寸 (つくり) on the right side of the kanji |
Position category:
Radical | Stroke count | Hiragana-Romaji | Meaning | Position | Examples |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
一 | 1 | いち-ichi | one | 一 戸 旦 | |
丨 | 1 | line | 巾 引 中 甲 旧 | ||
丶 | 1 | てん-ten | dot | 刃 凡 丸 丹 太 犬 丼 | |
丿 | 1 | bend | 丈 久 才 万 丹 少 | ||
乙 (乚) | 1 | おつ-otsu | second, latter | 乙 乞 乏 孔 屯 札 礼 宅 乱 枕 乳 | |
亅 | 1 | hook | 了 丁 才 | ||
二 | 2 | に-ni | two | 井 仁 元 示 | |
亠 | 2 | lid | ⊤ | 六 玄 市 夜 京 | |
人 | 2 | ひと-hito | human, person | 人 欠 夫 内 囚 丙 失 肉 扶 快 決 | |
亻 | 2 | human, person | ◧ | 仏 化 付 代 他 仕 休 位 作 体 住 何 花 信 | |
𠆢 | 2 | person (人); (入; roof) | ⊤ | 介 今 合 全 会 谷 | |
入 | 2 | いる-iru | enter | 入 込 | |
八 | 2 | はち-hachi | eight; divide | ⊤ | 八 分 公 谷 沿 松 俗 盆 翁 紛容 益 粉 浴 挙 訟 欲 船 雰 裕 鉛 溶 寡 総 嬢 |
ハ | 2 | animal legs | ⊥ | 六 穴 呉 兵 貝 洪 唄 冥 浜 財 員 棋 貿 貸 買 賛 質 興 | |
儿 | 2 | human legs | ⊥ | 児 兄 四 見 | |
丷 | 2 | grass, plant; horns | ⊤ | 平 半 羊 岡 前 首 南 | |
冫 | 2 | ice | ◧ | 次 冶 冷 | |
凵 | 2 | container, open mouth | ⊥ | 画 | |
匚 | 2 | box | ⿴ | 匯 | |
冂 | 2 | upside down box | ⿴ | 円 冊 再 同 | |
冖 | 2 | cover | ⊤ | 売 学 骨 常 | |
几 | 2 | つくえ-tsukue | desk, table | ◨ | |
九 | 2 | きゅう-kyū | nine | ||
力 | 2 | ちから-chikara | power, force | 男 | |
刀 | 2 | かたな-katana | knife, sword | ||
刂 | 2 | knife, sword | ◨ | 割 利 前 | |
乃 | 2 | の-no | ⊥ | 秀 透 携 誘 /及 | |
勹 | 2 | wrap, embrace | ⿴ | 与 勾 匂 欠 巧 句 包 号 写 旬 朽 汚 考 均 泡 抱 拘 易 的 物 | |
⺈ | 2 | knife, sword | ⊤ | 危 争 色 角 免 浄 急 負 陥 逸 亀 喚 換 象 像 静 衡 艶 | |
マ | 2 | ま-ma. | Katakana マ | ⊤ | 勇 通 湧 痛 踊 疑 凝 擬 /予 矛 |
匕 | 2 | さじ-saji | spoon; (七 = seven) | 七 匂 化 切 叱 北 旨 死 花 虎 背 | |
十 | 2 | じゅう-jū | ten, complete | ||
卜 | 2 | うらない-uranai | divination | ◨ | |
又 | 2 | また-mata | again, right hand | ||
厶 | 2 | む-mu | private | ||
卩 (㔾) | 2 | seal | ◨ | 厄 犯 令 危 印 服 卵 命 報 | |
厂 | 2 | cliff | ⿸ | ||
广 | 3 | on a cliff | ⿸ | 序 店 府 | |
口 | 3 | くち-kuchi | mouth, opening | 口 古 可 名 君 否 呉 告 周 味 命 和 哲 唐 善 器 | |
囗 | 3 | enclosure | ⿴ | 四 回 | |
土 | 3 | つち-tsuchi | earth | 土 地 | |
士 | 3 | さむらい-samurai | scholar, bachelor | 士 | |
夂 | 3 | go | ⊥ | 夏 | |
夕 | 3 | ゆうべ-yūbe | evening, sunset | 夕 外 多 夜 | |
尢 | 3 | 沈 枕 就 蹴 /尤 无 | |||
大 | 3 | だい-dai | big, very | 大 天 | |
女 | 3 | おんな-onna | woman, female | 女 | |
子 | 3 | こ-ko | child, seed | 子 | |
宀 | 3 | roof | 家 | ||
寸 | 3 | すん-sun | thumb, sundial degree | 時 | |
小 | 3 | ちいさい-chīsai | small, insignificant | 小 少 | |
⺌ (⺍) | 3 | small, insignificant | 当 光 鎖 巣 桜 獣 単 脳 悩 厳 | ||
幺 | 3 | short thread | 幻 幼 | ||
尸 | 3 | corpse | 尺 局 | ||
山 | 3 | やま-yama | mountain | 山 岡 岩 島 | |
川 | 3 | かわ-kawa | river | 川 州 巡 | |
工 | 3 | たくみ-takumi | work | 工 左 差 | |
已 | 3 | おのれ-onore | oneself | (己 巳) | |
亡 | 3 | な・くす-nakusu | dead, gone | 亡 妄 忙 忘 盲 荒 望 慌 網 | |
巾 | 3 | はば-haba | turban, scarf | 市 布 帝 常 | |
干 | 3 | ほし-hoshi | dry | 平 年 | |
廾 | 3 | two hands, twenty | 弁 | ||
廴 | 3 | long stride | ⿺ | 延 | |
⻌ (辶) | 3 | walk | ⿺ | 巡 迎 通 追 逃 迎 進 | |
也 | 3 | ◨ | 地 池 他 施 | ||
弋 | 3 | ceremony, shoot, arrow | 式 | ||
弓 | 3 | ゆみ-yumi | bow | 弓 引 | |
彐 | 3 | pig snout | |||
彡 | 3 | hair, bristle, stubble, beard | 杉 形 参 珍 修 彫 惨 彩 診 須 髪 彰 影 膨 顔 鬱 | ||
彳 | 3 | step | ◧ | 役 彼 後 得 徳 | |
氵 | 3 | water | ◧ | 泳 決 治 海 演 漢 瀬 | |
丬 (爿) | 3 | split wood | ◧ | 北 壮 状 荘 背 将 装 寝 奨 | |
犭 | 3 | dog | ◧ | 犯 狂 狙 | |
扌 | 3 | hand | ◧ | 持 掛 打 批 技 抱 押 | |
艹 | 3 | grass, vegetation | ⊤ | 共 花 英 苦 草 茶 落 幕 靴 薬 | |
⻖ ← | 3 | mound (阝-left) | ◧ | 阪 防 阻 院 陳 | |
→ ⻏ | 3 | town (阝-right) | ◨ | 那 邦 郎 部 郭 都 | |
忄 | 3 | heart | ◧ | 忙 快 怪 怖 性 恒 恨 悔 悟 悩 悦 惨 悼 惧 惜 情 愉 惰 慌 慄 慨 慎 憎 慢 慣 | |
心 | 4 | こころ-kokoro | heart | ⊥ | 心 必 芯 忍 忌 忘 志 応 泌 忠 念 怒 怠 怨 急 思 恭 恥 恐 恋 恵 恣 秘 恩 息 |
戈 | 4 | spear, halberd | 成 式 弐 戦 | ||
戸 | 4 | と-to | door, house | 戸 戻 所 | |
手 | 4 | て-te | hand | 手 挙 | |
攵 | 4 | のぶん-nobunn | action, whip | ||
文 | 4 | ぶん-bunn | script, literature | 文 | |
斗 | 4 | dipper, measuring scoop | 料 | ||
斤 | 4 | きん-kinn | axe | 新 | |
方 | 4 | ほう-hō | way, square, raft | 方 放 旅 族 | |
日 | 4 | にち-nichi | sun, day | 日 白 百 明 的 映 時 晩 | |
月 | 4 | つき-tsuki | moon, month; body, flesh | 有 服 青 朝 | |
木 | 4 | き-ki | tree | 木 板 相 根 森 楽 機 末 本 杉 林 | |
欠 | 4 | けつ-ketsu | yawn, lack | 歌 欧 | |
止 | 4 | とめる-tomeru | stop | 止 正 歩 | |
歹 | 4 | death, decay | 死 列 | ||
殳 | 4 | るまた-rumata | weapon, lance | 役 投 殴 | |
毋 | 4 | do not | 毎 梅 | ||
比 | 4 | くらべる-kuraberu | compare, compete | 皆 昆 | |
毛 | 4 | け-ke | fur, hair | 毛 | |
氏 | 4 | うじ-uji | clan | 氏 民 紙 | |
气 | 4 | steam, breath | 汽 気 | ||
水 | 4 | みず-mizu | water | 水 永 | |
火 | 4 | ひ-hi | fire | 火 灯 | |
灬 | 4 | fire | 焦 然 煮 | ||
⺤ (爪) | 4 | つめ-tsume | claw, nail, talon | 爪 妥 采 乳 受 浮 将 渓 淫 彩 授 採 菜 援 揺 媛 奨 暖 愛 稲 緩 謡 穏 曖 爵 | |
父 | 4 | ちち-chichi | father | 釜 | |
牛 | 4 | うし-ushi | cow | 牛 告 牧 物 特 解 | |
犬 | 4 | いぬ-inu | dog | 犬 献 獣 | |
王 | 4 | おう-ō | king | 王 玉 主 国 弄 皇 理 差 聖 | |
礻 | 4 | altar, display | 礼 社 神 視 福 | ||
耂 | 4 | old | 孝 | ||
勿 | 4 | do not | |||
五 | 4 | ご-go | five | 五 | |
巴 | 4 | cylinder with a trailing tail | 色 把 肥 | ||
元 | 4 | もと-moto | base, origin | ||
井 | 4 | せい-sei | well | ||
予 | 4 | よ-yo | beforehand, previously | 予 序 野 預 /矛 | |
屯 | 4 | トン-ton | 屯 純 鈍 頓 | ||
甘 | 5 | あまい-amai | sweet | 甘 甚 某 勘 紺 基 欺 堪 棋 媒 期 旗 謀 | |
生 | 5 | うまれる-umareru | life | 牲 甥 | |
用 | 5 | よう-yō | use | 用 | |
田 | 5 | た-ta | field | 田 町 思 留 略 番 | |
疋 | 5 | ひき-hiki | small animal; bolt of cloth | 延 | |
疒 | 5 | sickness | ⿸ | 病 症 痛 癖 | |
癶 | 5 | footsteps | 発 登 | ||
白 | 5 | しろ-shiro | white | 的 皆 皇 | |
皮 | 5 | けがわ-kegawa | skin | 披 彼 波 | |
皿 | 5 | さら-sara | dish | 皿 | |
目 | 5 | め-me | eye | 目 見 具 省 眠 眼 観 覧 | |
矢 | 5 | や-ya | arrow | 医 族 | |
石 | 5 | いし-ishi | stone | 石 岩 砂 破 碑 | |
示 | 5 | しめす-shimesu | altar, display | 示 奈 祭 禁 | |
禾 | 5 | のぎ-nogi | grain | 利 私 季 和 科 香 | |
穴 | 5 | あな-ana | cave | 空 突 | |
立 | 5 | たつ-tatsu | stand, erect | 立 音 産 翌 意 新 端 親 競 | |
母 | 5 | はは-haha | mother | 母 | |
衤 | 5 | clothes | 初 被 複 | ||
罒 | 5 | net | 買 罪 置 羅 | ||
世 | 5 | よ-yo | society, world; generation | ||
⺻ | 5 | brush | 津 律 建 書 庸 健 筆 鍵 | ||
冊 | 5 | さつ-satsu | (counting) books | 冊 柵 倫 偏 遍 論 編 輪 | |
而 | 6 | rake | 耐 需 端 儒 | ||
⺮ | 6 | たけ-take | bamboo | 竹 第 筆 竿 算 答 管 筋 等 笑 箸 | |
米 | 6 | こめ-kome | rice | ||
糸 | 6 | いと-ito | silk | ||
缶 | 6 | かん-kann | tin can | 缶 陶 鬱 | |
羊 | 6 | ひつじ-hitsuji | sheep | ||
羽 | 6 | はね-hane | feather, wing | ||
耳 | 6 | みみ-mimi | ear | ||
自 | 6 | じ-ji | self (nose=self) | ||
至 | 6 | いたる-itaru | arrive | ||
舌 | 6 | した-shita | tongue | ||
舟 | 6 | ふね-fune | boat | ||
艮 (良) | 6 | うしとら-ushitora | stopping(?); (good) | ||
虍 | 6 | tiger stripes | 虎 虐 虚 虜 虞 戯 膚 慮 劇 | ||
虫 | 6 | むし-mushi | insect | ||
血 | 6 | ち-chi | blood | ||
行 | 6 | ぎょう-gyō | go, do | ||
衣 | 6 | ころも-koromo | clothes | ||
覀 (襾) | 6 | にし-nishi | west | 西 価 要 票 煙 腰 慄 漂 遷 標 覆 覇 | |
臣 | 7 | しん-shin | minister, official; slave (building a brick wall) | ||
見 | 7 | みる-miru | see | ||
角 | 7 | つの-tsuno | horn | ||
言 | 7 | こと-koto | speech | ||
谷 | 7 | たに-tani | valley | ||
豆 | 7 | まめ-mame | bean | ||
豕 | 7 | いのこ-inoko | pig | ||
貝 | 7 | かい-kai | shell | ||
足 | 7 | あし-ashi | foot | ||
身 | 7 | み-mi | body | ||
車 | 7 | くるま-kuruma | cart, car | ||
辛 | 7 | からい-karai | spicy, bitter | ||
辰 | 7 | たつ-tatsu | dragon; morning | ||
酉 | 7 | とり-tori | wine, alcohol | ||
里 | 7 | さと-sato | village, mile | ||
赤 | 7 | あか-aka | red | 赤 赦 跡 嚇 繊 | |
走 | 7 | そう-sō | race | 走 赴 徒 起 越 超 趣 | |
金 | 8 | かね-kane | metal, gold | ||
長 | 8 | ながい-nagai; ちょう-chyō | long, grow; leader | ||
門 | 8 | もん-mon | gate | ||
隹 | 8 | ふるとり-furutori | small bird | ||
雨 | 8 | あめ-ame | rain | ||
青 | 8 | あお-ao | blue, green | ||
岡 | 8 | おか-oka | hill | 岡 剛 綱 鋼 | |
免 | 8 | めん-menn | dismissal | 免 勉 逸 晩 | |
斉 | 8 | せい-sei | Chinese Qi kingdom | 斉 剤 斎 済 | |
音 | 9 | おと-oto | sound | ||
頁 | 9 | おおがい-ōgai | big shell | ||
食 | 9 | しょく-shyoku | eat, food | ||
首 | 9 | くび-kubi | neck, head | ||
品 | 9 | ひん-hin | item | ||
馬 | 10 | うま-uma | horse | ||
高 | 10 | たかい-takai | tall, high | ||
啇 | 11 | base, stem | 嫡 滴 摘 適 敵 | ||
無 | 12 | む-mu | nothing | 無 舞 |
Many other combinations could realistically be called a simplified table of kanji radicals, here are a few examples.
Entries with an upside-down exclamation mark (¡) are possibly made up "radicals," meaning only one online dictionary was found to use them (Tangorin Online).
Possible additions: (Note that the examples below show all the jōyō kanji examples)
Radical | Stroke count | Hiragana-Romaji | Meaning | Category | Examples | Reason for exclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ユ | 2 | ゆ-yu | Katakana ユ | (夬 决 刔 抉 篌) | Not used by jōyō kanji | |
久 | 3 | 久 畝 | ||||
彑 | 3 | 互 彙 | ||||
及 | 3 | およ・ぶ-oyobu | 及 扱 吸 級 | Search using 乃 instead | ||
上 | 3 | うえ-ue | above | ¡ | 上 峠 虚 寂 督 | 上 = ⿱⺊一 |
化 | 4 | か-ka | action suffix, -isation, -ification | ¡ | 化 花 貨 傾 靴 | 化 = ⿰ 亻匕 |
分 | 4 | ぶん-bunn | part | ¡ | 盆 紛 粉 貧 雰 貿 頒 寡 | 分 = ⿱八刀 |
切 | 4 | せつ-setsu | keen; sharp edge | ¡ | 切 窃 | 切 = ⿰七刀 |
出 | 5 | で-de | go out, send out | ¡ | 拙 屈 堀 掘 窟 | 出 = ⿱山山 |
付 | 5 | づけ-(d)zuke | date of origin | ¡ | 付 附 侍 府 符 腐 | 付 = ⿰亻寸 |
巨 | 5 | giant | 巨 拒 距 | Search using 匚 instead | ||
竹 | 6 | たけ-take | bamboo | 竹 | Only used for 竹 (see ⺮) | |
西 | 6 | にし-nishi | west | 西 | Mainly used for 西 (see 覀) | |
耒 | 6 | 耗 耕 業 籍 | Search using 木 instead | |||
肉 | 6 | にく-niku | meat | 肉 腐 | Mainly only used for 肉 | |
色 | 6 | いろ-iro | color, prettiness | 色 絶 艶 | 色 = ⿱⺈巴 | |
合 | 6 | ごう-gō | mountain climbing checkpoint | ¡ | 合 拾 搭 塔 給 答 | 合 = ⿱𠆢一⿱口 |
奄 | 8 | cover | 俺 | Mainly only used for 俺 | ||
禹 | 9 | 偶 遇 隅 愚 属 嘱 | Search using 虫 instead |
List of radicals that form common jōyō kanji and are a part of the Table of Japanese kanji radicals page but do not appear here. All jōyō kanji examples for each radical are listed.
Radical | Strokes | Hiragana-Romaji | Meaning | Category | Examples |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
巛 | 3 | かわ-kawa | river | 巡 災 拶 | |
屮 | 3 | てつ-tetsu | sprout | (屯) 逆 塑 遡 | |
片 | 4 | かた-kata | (a) slice | 片 版 | |
支 | 4 | しにょう-shinyō | branch | 支 伎 岐 技 肢 枝 鼓 | |
禸 | 5 | ぐうのあし-gūnoashi | track | 偶 遇 隅 属 愚 璃 嘱 離 | |
矛 | 5 | むのほこ-munohoko | spear, halberd | 矛 柔 務 野 霧 | |
玄 | 5 | げん-gen | dark, profound | 玄 弦 畜 舷 率 蓄 | |
瓦 | 5 | かわら-kawara | tile | 瓦 瓶 | |
牙 | 5 | きばへん-kibahen | fang | 牙 邪 芽 既 雅 慨 概 | |
竹 | 6 | たけ-take | bamboo | 笑 第 等 簡 | |
西 | 6 | にし-nishi | west | 西 要 | |
色 | 6 | いろ-iro | colour, prettiness | 色 絶 艶 | |
瓜 | 6 | うり-uri | melon | 孤 弧 | |
臼 | 6 | うす-usu | mortar | 臼 毀 潟 興 | |
豸 | 7 | むじな-mujina | cat, badger | 貌 墾 懇 | |
釆 | 7 | のごめ-nogome | divide, distinguish, choose | 釈 番 審 翻 藩 | |
麦 | 7 | むぎ-mugi | wheat | 麦 麺 | |
舛 | 7 | ます-masu | opposite | 傑 舞 隣 瞬 | |
隶 | 8 | れいづくり-reidzukuri | slave, capture | 粛 逮 康 緑 隷 録 | |
非 | 8 | あらず-arazu | wrong | 非 俳 排 扉 悲 罪 輩 | |
面 | 9 | めん-men | face | 面 麺 | |
飛 | 9 | とぶ-tobu | fly | 飛 | |
革 | 9 | かくのかわ-kakunokawa | leather, rawhide | 革 靴 覇 | |
鬲 | 10 | かなえ-kanae | tripod, cauldron | 隔 融 | |
韋 | 10 | なめしがわ-nameshigawa | tanned leather | 偉 違 緯 衛 韓 | |
竜 | 10 | りゅう-ryū | dragon | 竜 滝 | |
骨 | 10 | ほね-hone | bone | 骨 滑 骸 髄 | |
鬼 | 10 | おに-oni | ghost, demon | 鬼 塊 魂 魅 醜 魔 | |
麻 | 11 | あさ-asa | hemp, flax | 麻 暦 歴 摩 磨 魔 | |
鳥 | 11 | とり-tori | bird | 島 鳥 鳴 鶏 鶴 | |
鹿 | 11 | しか-shika | deer | 鹿 麗 麓 | |
黒 | 11 | くろ-kuro | black | 黒 墨 黙 | |
魚 | 11 | うお-uo | fish | 魚 漁 鮮 鯨 | |
黄 | 11 | きいろ-kīro | yellow | 黄 横 | |
歯 | 12 | は-ha | tooth, molar | 歯 齢 |
With frequency considered to be the amount of kanji where the radical or its variants can be found as a visual component. [4]
List of kanji radicals by frequency |
---|
口, 一, 丿/ノ, 丨, 日, 木, ハ/八/丷, 二, 丶, 土, 十, 田, 艹/艸/草/䒑, 目, 亠, 冂, 大, 小/⺌/⺍, 月, 水/氵, 儿, 勹, 厶, 幺, 冖, 人/亻/𠂉/𠆢, 又, 匕, 王, 金, 手/扌, 貝, 宀, 厂, 虫, 糸, 女, 亅, 言, 止, 立, 心/忄/㣺, 山, 乙, 彐/ヨ/⺕, 尸, 廾, 卜, 夂, 戈, 冫, 禾, 隹, ⺮/竹, 火/灬, ⻌/辶, 广, 寸, 米, 攵, 凵, 几, 罒, 刀/刂/⺈, 士, 白, 囗, 石, 巾, 車, ⺤/爪, 匚, 力, 彡, 工, 皿, 夕, 衣/衤, 足, 弓, •⻏, 子, 干, 已, 豆, ⻖•, 耳, 門, 方, 馬, 卩, 彳, 斤, 頁, 雨, 比, 羽, 羊, 酉, 虍, 豕, 里, 欠, マ, 勿, 殳, 牛, 西/覀/襾, 氏, 矢, 示, 艮, 甘, 耂/老, 自, 辛, 疋, 丬/爿, 示/礻, 戸, 長, 見, 臣, 犬/犭, 用, 九, 舟, 予/矛, 而, 歹, 冊, 弋, 巴, 音, 穴, ⺻/聿/書, 食, 至, 入, 缶, 生, 角, 元, 乃, 廴, 尢, 父, 走, 辰, 世, 川, 疒, 亡, 文, 也, 母, 毋, 癶, 高, 行, 舌, 谷, 青, 身, 斗, 品, 五, 免, 屯, 皮, 赤, 井, 毛, 气, 血, 無, 首, 岡, 啇, 斉 |
A simplification used in "The Kanji Dictionary", [5] "The Learner's Kanji Dictionary," "Japanese, Chinese, and Korean Surnames and How to Read Them", and in "Kanji & Kana." [6]
Strokes | Radical | Variations | Position |
---|---|---|---|
2 | 亻 | 人 𠆢 | ◧ |
2 | 冫 | 冫 | ◧ |
2 | 子 | 了 | ◧ |
2 | ⻖ | ◧ | |
2 | 卩 | ◨ | |
2 | 刂 | リ 刀 | ◨ |
2 | 力 | ◨ | |
2 | 又 | ◨ | |
2 | 冖 | ◨ | |
2 | 亠 | ⊤ | |
2 | 十 | 十 | ⊤ |
2 | ⺊ | 卜 | ⊤ |
2 | ⺈ | ⊤ | |
2 | 丷 | 八 ハ | ⊤ |
2 | 厂 | ⿴ | |
2 | ⻌ | 辶 廴 | ⿴ |
2 | 冂 | 冂 𠘨 | ⿴ |
2 | 𠘨 | ⿴ | |
2 | 匚 | ⿴ | |
3 | 氵 | 水 泳 氺 | ◧ |
3 | 土 | 土 | ◧ |
3 | 扌 | 手 | ◧ |
3 | 口 | 口 | ◧ |
3 | 女 | ◧ | |
3 | 巾 | ◧ | |
3 | 犭 | 犬 | ◧ |
3 | 彳 | ◧ | |
3 | 弓 | ◧ | |
3 | 彡 | ◨ | |
3 | 艹 | ⊤ | |
3 | 宀 | ⊤ | |
3 | ⺌ | 小 ⺍ | ⊤ |
3 | 山 | ⊤ | |
3 | 士 | ⊤ | |
3 | 广 | ⿴ | |
3 | 尸 | ⿴ | |
3 | 囗 | ⿴ | |
4 | 木 | ◧ | |
4 | 月 | ◧ | |
4 | 日 | ◧ | |
4 | 火 | 灬 | ◧ |
4 | 礻 | 示 | ◧ |
4 | 王 | 玉 | ◧ |
4 | 牛 | ◧ | |
4 | 方 | ◧ | |
4 | 攵 | 夂 夂 | ◨ |
4 | 欠 | ◨ | |
4 | 心 | 心 忄 ⺗ | ⊥ |
4 | 戸 | 戶 | ⿴ |
4 | 戈 | 弋 | ⿴ |
5 | 石 | ◧ | |
5 | 立 | 立 | ◧ |
5 | 目 | ◧ | |
5 | 禾 | ◧ | |
5 | 衤 | 衣 | ◧ |
5 | 田 | ⊤ | |
5 | 罒 | ⊤ | |
5 | 皿 | ⊥ | |
5 | 疒 | ⿴ | |
6 | 糸 | ◧ | |
6 | 米 | ◧ | |
6 | 舟 | ◧ | |
6 | 虫 | ◧ | |
6 | 耳 | ◧ | |
6 | ⺮ | 竹 | ⊤ |
7 | 言 | ◧ | |
7 | 貝 | ◧ | |
7 | 車 | ◧ | |
7 | ⻊ | 足 | ◧ |
7 | 酉 | ◧ | |
8 | 金 | ◧ | |
8 | 飠 | 食 飠 | ◧ |
8 | 隹 | ◨ | |
8 | ⻗ | 雨 ⻗ | ⊤ |
8 | 門 | 鬥 | ⿴ |
9 | 頁 | ◨ | |
10 | 馬 | ◨ | |
11 | 魚 | ◧ | |
11 | 鳥 | ◨ |
Kanji are the logographic Chinese characters taken from the Chinese script used in the writing of Japanese. They were made a major part of the Japanese writing system during the time of Old Japanese and are still used, along with the subsequently-derived syllabic scripts of hiragana and katakana. The characters have Japanese pronunciations; most have two, with one based on the Chinese sound. A few characters were invented in Japan by constructing character components derived from other Chinese characters. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan made its own efforts to simplify the characters, now known as shinjitai, by a process similar to China's simplification efforts, with the intention to increase literacy among the common folk. Since the 1920s, the Japanese government has published character lists periodically to help direct the education of its citizenry through the myriad Chinese characters that exist. There are nearly 3,000 kanji used in Japanese names and in common communication.
Chinese characters are logograms developed for the writing of Chinese. Chinese characters are the oldest continuously used system of writing in the world. By virtue of their widespread current use throughout East Asia and Southeast Asia, as well as their profound historic use throughout the Sinosphere, Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world by number of users.
A Chinese radical or indexing component is a graphical component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. This component is often a semantic indicator similar to a morpheme, though sometimes it may be a phonetic component or even an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in character meaning or pronunciation over time.
Stroke order is the order in which the strokes of a Chinese character are written. A stroke is a movement of a writing instrument on a writing surface. Chinese characters are used in various forms in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. They are known as Hanzi in (Mandarin) Chinese, kanji in Japanese (かんじ), and Hanja in Korean (한자).
The 214 Kangxi radicals, also known as the Zihui radicals, form a system of radicals of Chinese characters. The radicals are numbered in stroke count order. They are the most popular system of radicals for dictionaries that order Traditional Chinese characters by radical and stroke count. They are officially part of the Unicode encoding system for CJK characters, in their standard order, under the coding block "Kangxi radicals", while their graphic variants are contained in the "CJK Radicals Supplement". Thus, a reference to "radical 61", for example, without additional context, refers to the 61st radical of the Kangxi Dictionary, 心; xīn "heart".
Shinjitai are the simplified forms of kanji used in Japan since the promulgation of the Tōyō Kanji List in 1946. Some of the new forms found in shinjitai are also found in Simplified Chinese characters, but shinjitai is generally not as extensive in the scope of its modification.
In Japanese language, Ryakuji are colloquial simplifications of kanji.
Hyōgaiji, also known as hyōgai kanji (表外漢字), is a term for Japanese kanji outside the two major lists of jōyō kanji, which are taught in primary and secondary school, and the jinmeiyō kanji, which are additional kanji that are officially allowed for use in personal names. The term jōyōgai kanji (常用外漢字) is also encountered but it designates all the kanji outside the list of jōyō kanji, including the jinmeiyō kanji.
Radical 5 or radical second (乙部) meaning "second" is one of 6 of the 214 Kangxi radicals that are composed of only one stroke. However, this radical is mainly used to categorize miscellaneous characters otherwise not belonging to any radical, mainly featuring a hook or fold, and 乙 is the character with the least amount of strokes.
Radical 140 or radical grass (艸部) meaning "grass" is one of 29 of the 214 Kangxi radicals that are composed of 6 strokes. It transforms into 艹 when appearing at the top of a character or component. In the Kangxi Dictionary and in modern standard Traditional Chinese as used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau, 艹 consists of four strokes, while in Simplified Chinese and modern Japanese, 艹 consists of three strokes.
Radical 113 or radical spirit (示部) meaning ancestor or veneration is number 113 out of the 214 Kangxi radicals. It is one of the 23 radicals composed of 5 strokes. When appearing at the left side of a character, the radical transforms into 礻 in modern Chinese and Japanese jōyō kanji.
Radical 29 or radical again (又部) meaning "and", "again" or "right hand" is one of the 23 Kangxi radicals composed of two strokes.
Radical 63 or radical door (戶部) meaning "door" is one of the 34 Kangxi radicals composed of 4 strokes.
Radical 92 or radical fang (牙部) meaning "tooth" or "fang" is one of the 34 Kangxi radicals composed of 4 strokes.
Radical 95 or radical profound (玄部) meaning "dark" or "profound" is one of the 23 Kangxi radicals composed of 5 strokes.
Radical 162 or radical walk (辵部) meaning "walk" is one of the 20 Kangxi radicals composed of 7 strokes. When used as a component, this radical character transforms into ⻍, ⻌, or ⻎.
Radical 184 or radical eat (食部) meaning "eat" or "food" is one of the 11 Kangxi radicals composed of 9 strokes.
Radical 188 or radical bone (骨部) meaning "bone" is one of the 8 Kangxi radicals composed of 10 strokes.