Between 11 June 2019 and 6 June 2023, 91 individuals served as representatives in Senate, the 75-seat upper house of the States-General of the Netherlands. 75 members were elected in the 27 May 2019 Senate election, and 16 members were appointed as replacements as elected representatives resigned or went on leave. Jan Anthonie Bruijn was elected President of the Senate on 2 July 2019.
During this period, the Third Rutte cabinet and Fourth Rutte cabinet reigned. Both coalitions where made up People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD, 12 seats), Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA, 9 seats), Democrats 66 (D66, 7 seats) and Christian Union (CU, 4 seats). Totalling 32 seats, the coalition never had a majority in the Senate during this period.
The opposition consisted - at the start - of Forum for Democracy (FvD, 12 seats), GroenLinks (GL, 8 seats), Labour Party (PvdA, 6 seats), Party for Freedom (PVV, 5 seats), Socialist Party (SP, 4 seats), Party for the Animals (PvdD, 3 seats), 50PLUS (50+, 2 seats), Reformed Political Party (SGP, 3 seats) and Independent Politics Netherlands (OSF, 1 seat).
Resignations generally do not affect the balance of power, as replacements are appointed from the party list. However, during the term three new parliamentary groups were created, all split off Forum for Democracy. In July-August 2019, Henk Otten, Jeroen de Vries and Dorien Rookmaker left to form the Fractie-Otten. In february 2020, Rookmaker left and was replaced by Otto Hermans who joined the Forum for Democracy group again. In November-December 2020, another 8 members left Forum for Democracy, to form the Fractie-Van Pareren, which was later renamed Fractie-Nanninga. When Nicki Pouw-Verweij (member of the Fractie-Nanninga) left the Senate, she was replaced by Theo Hiddema who joined the Forum for Democracy group. Finally, in March 2022, Paul Frentrop andd Theo Hiddema left Forum for Democracy to form the Fractie-Frentrop. This left Forum for Democracy at the end of the term with only one seat.
Name | Party | Assumed office | Term end | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Micky Adriaansens | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 9 January 2022 [lower-alpha 1] | [1] | |
Alfred Arbouw | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [2] | |
Bastiaan van Apeldoorn | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [3] | |
Joop Atsma | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [4] | |
Martine Baay-Timmerman | 50+ | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [5] | |
Joris Backer | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [6] | |
Robert Baljeu | Fractie-Otten | 15 December 2020 | 14 February 2021 | [7] | |
Pim van Ballekom | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [8] | |
Caspar van den Berg | VVD | 18 January 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Hugo Berkhout | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 26 October 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [9] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 3] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Toine Beukering | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [10] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 3] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Ilse Bezaan | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [11] | |
Mirjam Bikker | CU | 11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 [lower-alpha 5] | [12] | |
Mirjam de Blécourt | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [13] | |
Margreet de Boer | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [14] | |
Annelien Bredenoord | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [15] | |
Jan Anthonie Bruijn | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [16] | |
Reina de Bruijn-Wezeman | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [17] | |
Eric van der Burg | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 9 January 2022 [lower-alpha 1] | [18] | |
Paul Cliteur | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 25 November 2020 | [19] | |
Ferd Crone | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [20] | |
Johan Dessing | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [21] | |
Diederik van Dijk | SGP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [22] | |
Boris Dittrich | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [23] | |
Hugo Doornhof | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [24] | |
Peter Essers | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [25] | |
Peter Ester | CU | 11 June 2019 | 11 December 2022 [lower-alpha 6] | [26] | |
Marjolein Faber | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [27] | |
Mary Fiers | PvdA | 12 October 2021 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Paul Frentrop | FVD [lower-alpha 7] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [28] | |
Fractie-Frentrop [lower-alpha 8] | |||||
Ruard Ganzevoort | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [29] | |
Paulien Geerdink | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [30] | |
Gerben Gerbrandy | OSF | 11 June 2019 | 15 January 2021 [lower-alpha 9] | [31] | |
Arda Gerkens | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [32] | |
Roel van Gurp | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [33] | |
Alexander van Hattem | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [34] | |
Otto Hermans | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 10 September 2019 | 12 November 2019 | [35] | |
18 February 2020 | 12 June 2023 | ||||
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 10] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Theo Hiddema | FVD [lower-alpha 7] | 13 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [36] | |
Fractie-Frentrop [lower-alpha 8] | |||||
Alexandra van Huffelen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 29 January 2021 [lower-alpha 1] | [37] | |
Tineke Huizinga-Heringa | CU | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [38] | |
Rik Janssen | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [39] | |
Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [40] | |
Hamit Karakus | PvdA | 2 March 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [41] | |
Farah Karimi | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [42] | |
Simone Kennedy-Doornbos | CU | 17 January 2023 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Niek Jan van Kesteren | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [43] | |
Ton van Kesteren | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [44] | |
Jan Keunen | VVD | 26 October 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [45] | |
Tanja Klip-Martin | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [46] | |
Saskia Kluit | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [47] | |
Ben Knapen | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 24 September 2021 [lower-alpha 11] | [48] | |
8 February 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||||
Niko Koffeman | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [49] | |
Ruud Koole | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [50] | |
Tiny Kox | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [51] | |
Mirjam Krijnen | GL | 27 September 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Lennart van der Linden | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [52] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 3] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Henk Jan Meijer | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [53] | |
Carla Moonen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [54] | |
Annabel Nanninga | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 29 October 2020 [lower-alpha 12] | [55] | |
Fractie-Nanninga | 15 February 2021 | 12 June 2023 | |||
Peter Nicolaï | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [56] | |
Jopie Nooren | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 1 March 2021 [lower-alpha 13] | [57] | |
Ria Oomen-Ruijten | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [58] | |
Henk Otten | FVD [lower-alpha 14] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [59] | |
Fractie-Otten [lower-alpha 15] | |||||
Bob van Pareren | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [60] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 3] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Henk Pijlman | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [61] | |
Nicki Pouw-Verweij | FVD [lower-alpha 2] | 11 June 2019 | 23 July 2019 [lower-alpha 12] | [62] | |
13 November 2019 | 30 March 2021 [lower-alpha 5] | ||||
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 3] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 16] | |||||
Henriëtte Prast | PvdD | 6 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [63] | |
Greet Prins | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [64] | |
Ton Raven | OSF | 19 January 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [65] | |
Jeroen Recourt | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [66] | |
Theo Rietkerk | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [67] | |
Ton Rombouts | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [68] | |
Dorien Rookmaker | FVD [lower-alpha 17] | 11 June 2019 | 9 February 2020 | [69] | |
Fractie-Otten [lower-alpha 18] | |||||
Martin van Rooijen | 50+ | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [70] | |
Paul Rosenmöller | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [71] | |
Peter Schalk | SGP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [72] | |
Esther-Mirjam Sent | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 7 October 2021 [lower-alpha 19] | [73] | |
Jonathan Soeharno | CDA | 24 September 2021 | 2 February 2022 [lower-alpha 20] | ||
Petra Stienen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [74] | |
Gom van Strien | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [75] | |
Hendrik-Jan Talsma | CU | 6 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [76] | |
Christine Teunissen | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 [lower-alpha 5] | [77] | |
Gala Veldhoen | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [78] | |
Kees Vendrik | GL | 11 June 2019 | 27 September 2022 [lower-alpha 21] | [79] | |
Maarten Verkerk | CU | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [80] | |
Peter van der Voort | D66 | 4 February 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [81] | |
Lucas Vos | VVD | 18 January 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Mei Li Vos | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [82] | |
Jeroen de Vries | FVD [lower-alpha 17] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [83] | |
Fractie-Otten [lower-alpha 18] | |||||
Loek van Wely | FVD [lower-alpha 22] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [84] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren [lower-alpha 23] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga [lower-alpha 4] | |||||
Roel Wever | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 16 October 2020 | [85] |
The Labour Party is a social-democratic political party in the Netherlands.
The politics of the Netherlands take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy, a constitutional monarchy, and a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands is described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.
Frederik "Frits" Korthals Altes is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and jurist. He was granted the honorary title of Minister of State on 26 October 2001.
Gerardus Johannes Maria "Gerrit" Braks was a Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and agronomist.
Following the Dutch general election of 2010, held on 9 June, a process of cabinet formation started, which typically involves three phases:
General elections were held in the Netherlands on Wednesday 15 March 2017 to elect all 150 members of the House of Representatives.
The 2016 Speaker of the House of Representatives election was called to elect the new Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands after incumbent Anouchka van Miltenburg of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) had resigned on 12 December 2015. Van Miltenburg, who had been the Speaker since 25 September 2012, resigned after increasing criticism on her performance as Speaker. Khadija Arib of the Labour Party (PvdA), who had been a member of the House of Representatives from 1998 to 2006 and again since 2007, beat Ton Elias of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), who had been a member of the House since 2008.
Martinus Johannes "Martin" van Rooijen is a Dutch politician of the 50PLUS (50+) party formerly of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and businessman. He is the Parliamentary leader of 50PLUS in the Senate and a Member of the Senate since 11 June 2019.
Drs. Ferdinandus Johannes Maria Crone is a Dutch politician. He was born in Dordrecht in 1954. On 15 November 2007 he became Mayor of Leeuwarden. He remained mayor until 26 of August 2019 when he was succeeded by Sybrand van Haersma Buma. As of February 2020 he is a member of the Senate.
Hugo A. Berkhout is a Dutch currency specialist and politician. He has been a member of the Senate since October 2020. There, he represented the conservative and right-wing populist party Forum for Democracy until he stepped out of the party the following month amidst an internal crisis. He later joined the splinter party JA21.
Robert Jan P. Baljeu is a Dutch politician, who served as a temporary member of the Senate and has been occupying a seat in the States of North Holland since 2019. After he was expelled from the right-wing populist party Forum for Democracy (FvD) shortly after his election, he became a member of the splinter party Group Otten.
Annabel Nanninga is a Dutch politician and journalist who was the co-founder of the JA21 party. She currently leads the party in the Senate and is a representative of the Provincial Council of North Holland. She has been a member of Amsterdam city council since 2018.
Jonathan Emanuël Soeharno is a Dutch lawyer, professor, and politician. He has been working for law firm De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek since 2008 and as a professor at the University of Amsterdam since 2012. He served as a member of the Senate on behalf of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) for four months between 2021 and 2022 as the replacement of Ben Knapen.
Otto Hermans is a Dutch politician and a member of the Senate for JA21.
Lennart van der Linden is a Dutch politician and a member of the Senate of the Netherlands.
An election to the Dutch Senate was held on 30 May 2023. The 75 members of the Senate were elected by members of the provincial councils and electoral colleges elected two months earlier in provincial and electoral college elections.
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