List of organizations designated as terrorist by the Philippines

Last updated

The following are a list of organizations designated as terrorist in the Philippines by the Anti-Terrorism Council under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 which was signed into law on July 3, 2020 by then former President Rodrigo Duterte. [1] The implementing rules and regulations was approved by the ATC on October 14, 2020. [2]

Contents

The 2020 law replaced the Human Security Act of 2007, under which only the Abu Sayyaf was officially declared as a terrorist group in 2015. [3] [4]

This excludes groups that are merely described as terrorists by political figures and groups outside this formal process, as well as organizations penalized for acts other than for terrorism explicitly.

Groups

Islamic State

The ATC has tagged multiple local based groups in the Philippines in 2020 who have pledged allegiance to the militant Islamist group Islamic State based in Iraq and Syria using multiple United Nations Security Council resolutions to justify the designation including Resolution Nos. 1373 and 2253. One noted incident was the Marawi siege of 2017. [5]

CPP-NPA

The triumvirate of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), the New People's Army (NPA) and the National Democratic Front (NDF) have been waging a communist rebellion against the Philippine government since the 1960s. Prior to the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 the government has outlawed them via the Anti-Subversion Act of 1957 which was repealed on 1992. Communist rebels including the CPP-NPA-NDF have pejoratively labeled by the Philippine military as "communist terrorist groups" (CTGs). [6]

President Rodrigo Duterte in December 2017 issued a proclamation declaring the CPP and NPA, but not the NDF, as terrorist groups. [7] He cited the Terrorism Financing Prevention and Suppression Act of 2012, although a judicial affirmation was needed for the designation under the Human Security Act of 2007. [8] A petition was filed in 2018. [5] There was no judicial affirmation and the 2007 law was repealed and replaced by the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020. [9]

Under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, the CPP and the NPA would be officially be designated as terrorist organizations by the ATC. The decision cited Duterte's proclamation in 2017 as well as the inclusion of the groups in terrorist list by the United States (Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations), European Union, Australia, United Kingdom, all in 2002; and New Zealand, in 2010. [5] The ATC would include the NDF on June 23, 2021 stating that the group is an integral and inseparable part of the CPP–NPA. [10]

The ATC cites 200 incidents recorded from December 2020 to August 2023 which it considers as constituting atrocities by the CPP-NPA. This includes the killing of 2021 Masbate City blast which killed youth footballer Kieth Absalon and his cousin via a improvised explosive device. [11]

Teves Group

In 2023, the private armed group linked to Arnolfo Teves Jr. would be designated as a terrorist organization under the name "Teves Terrorist Group". [12] The ATC would cite political violence in Negros Oriental which culminated with the Pamplona massacre which saw the killing of then-incumbent provincial governor Roel Degamo. [13]

List

Communist groups
Islamist groups
Other

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New People's Army</span> Armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines

The New People's Army, abbreviated NPA or BHB, is the armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). It acts as the CPP's principal organization, aiming to consolidate political power from what it sees as the present "bourgeois reactionary puppet government" and to aid in the "people's democratic revolution". Founded on March 29, 1969, by the collaboration of Jose Maria Sison and former members of the Hukbalahap led by Bernabe Buscayno, the NPA has since waged a guerrilla war based on the Maoist strategy of protracted people's war. The NPA is one of the key figures in the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the longest ongoing conflict in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Communist Party of the Philippines</span> Political party in the Philippines

The Communist Party of the Philippines is a far-left, Marxist–Leninist–Maoist revolutionary organization and communist party in the Philippines, formed by Jose Maria Sison on 26 December 1968. It is designated as a terrorist group by the United States Department of State together with Sison and its armed wing New People's Army (NPA) in 2002. The European Union renewed its terrorist designation on the organization in 2019, though a 2009 ruling by the EU's second highest court delisted Sison as a "person supporting terrorism" and reversed a decision by member governments to freeze assets. According to the US' Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook, the CPP and the NPA aims to destabilize the Philippines' economy and overthrow the national government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jose Maria Sison</span> Filipino Maoist leader (1939–2022)

Jose Maria Canlas Sison, also known as Joma, was a Filipino writer, poet, and activist who founded and led the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and added elements of Maoism to its philosophy—which would be known as National Democracy. His ideology was formed by applying Marxism–Leninism–Maoism to the history and circumstances of the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Democratic Front of the Philippines</span> Revolutionary left-wing coalition in the Philippines

The National Democratic Front of the Philippines is a coalition of revolutionary social and economic justice organizations, agricultural unions, trade unions, indigenous rights groups, leftist political parties, and other related groups in the Philippines. It belongs to the much broader National Democracy Movement and the communist rebellion in the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rodrigo Duterte</span> President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022

Rodrigo Roa Duterte, also known as Digong, Rody, and by the initials DU30 and PRRD, is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the 16th president of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022. He is the chairperson of Partido Demokratiko Pilipino, the ruling political party in the Philippines during his presidency. Duterte is the first president of the Philippines to be from Mindanao, and is the oldest person to assume office, beginning his term at age 71.

Terrorism is a major social issue in the Philippines linked to the Moro conflict and the communist rebellion. The country ranks in 18th place on the Global Terrorism Index's 2023 list of countries most affected by terrorism.

Pryde Henry Alipit Teves is a Filipino politician who served as governor of Negros Oriental from June to October 2022, when the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) annulled his proclamation due to a recount of the May 2022 election. He was the mayor of Bayawan, Negros Oriental from 2016 to 2022, and was the Representative of Negros Oriental's 3rd district from 2007 to 2016. He is a survivor of the 2007 Batasang Pambansa bombing, although both of his eardrums and legs were severely injured.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New People's Army rebellion</span> Insurgency in the Philippines (1969–present)

The New People's Army rebellion is an ongoing conflict between the government of the Philippines and the New People's Army (NPA), the armed wing of the Marxist–Leninist–Maoist Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). It is the world's longest ongoing communist insurgency and the largest, most prominent communist armed conflict in the Philippines, with more than 43,000 insurgency-related fatalities between 1969 and 2008. Due to the involvement of the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP), the legal wing of the CPP, in the conflict, it is also called the CPP–NPA–NDF conflict, or simply the C/N/N conflict, especially in the context of peace talks with the Philippine government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roel Degamo</span> Filipino politician (1966–2023)

Roel Ragay Degamo was a Filipino politician who served as governor of Negros Oriental from 2011 to June 2022, and again from October 2022 until his assassination on March 4, 2023. He previously served as the province's vice governor from 2010 to 2011, and was a municipal councilor of Siaton from 1998 to 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters</span> Islamist militant group based in the Philippines

The Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF), also known as the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Movement, is an Islamist jihadist militant organization based in Mindanao, in the southern Philippines. It is a smaller player in the overall Moro insurgency and is mostly active in Maguindanao and other places in central Mindanao. It is a breakaway group from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front founded by Ameril Umbra Kato. Following Kato's death, the group split into three factions, one of which has aligned with the Islamic State, while the other two are less radical.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benito Tiamzon</span> Philippine political organizer

Benito Tiamzon was a Filipino political organizer and until his arrest in March 2014 by Philippine security forces, was believed to be the Chairman of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its armed wing, the New People's Army (NPA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilma Tiamzon</span> Philippine politician (1952–2022)

Wilma Tiamzon was a Filipino political organizer and until her arrest in March 2014 by Philippine security forces, believed to be the Secretary-General of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its armed wing, the New People's Army (NPA).

In the Philippines, red-tagging is the labeling of individuals or organizations as communists, subversives, or terrorists, regardless of their actual political beliefs or affiliations. It is a type of harassment and has pernicious effects on its targets. Red-tagging has been practiced by security forces, government officials or shills.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020</span> Philippine legislation

The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, officially designated as Republic Act No. 11479, is a counter-terrorism law intended to prevent, prohibit, and penalize terrorism in the Philippines. The law was passed by the 18th Congress and signed by President Rodrigo Duterte on July 3, 2020, effectively replacing the Human Security Act of 2007 on July 18, 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict</span> Philippine anti-communist conflict task force

The National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC) is a task force organized by the government of the Philippines in 2018 as part of its "Whole-of-Nation approach" to respond to and raise awareness about ongoing communist armed conflicts in the Philippines, after the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte formally terminated peace talks between the Philippine government and the New People's Army in November 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonio Parlade Jr.</span> Former Filipino general

Antonio Gumba Parlade Jr. is a former Filipino military officer who retired as commander of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Southern Luzon Command in 2021, and was best known for his combative terms as spokesman for the Philippine Army before he was removed from that post in 2011, and later, as spokesperson of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arnolfo Teves Jr.</span> Filipino politician and businessman (born 1971)

Arnolfo "Arnie" Alipit Teves Jr. is a Filipino politician and businessman. A member of the Nationalist People's Coalition, he last served as a member of the Philippine House of Representatives representing the 3rd District of Negros Oriental from 2016 to his expulsion in 2023. He also served as a deputy speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives from 2020 to 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pamplona massacre</span> 2023 murder of the governor of Negros Oriental, Philippines

The Pamplona massacre was a mass shooting and assassination incident that took place at Pamplona, Negros Oriental in the Philippines. On March 4, 2023, at approximately 9:36 A.M. (PhST), a group of former members of the Philippine military stormed the residence of Roel Degamo, the governor of Negros Oriental, in Pamplona and killed Degamo, the target, as well as nine others. The attack happened during the distribution of aid to the local beneficiaries of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. Degamo was rushed to a nearby provincial hospital, where he was pronounced dead at 11:41 A.M. (PhST).

In August 2022, a motorboat carrying rebels of the New People's Army exploded in Catbalogan, Samar. The explosion killed the passengers including NPA leaders Benito and Wilma Tiamzon.

References

  1. ↑ Esguerra, Darryl John (July 3, 2020). "BREAKING: Duterte signs anti-terror bill into law". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  2. ↑ Pulta, Benjamin (14 October 2020). "DOJ completes IRR of anti-terror law". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  3. ↑ "Basilan RTC declares Abu Sayyaf terrorist group". The Philippine Star. Associated Press. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  4. ↑ "Lacson, Esperon cite weaknesses of Human Security Act". Philippine News Agency. 17 June 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 Nepomuceno, Priam (26 December 2020). "ATC tags CPP-NPA, ISEA, Maute, allies as terror groups". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  6. ↑ Reyes, Miguel Paolo; Ariate, Joel Jr (16 August 2020). "Named Enemies, hidden targets: The Precursors to the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020". VERA Files.
  7. ↑ "Duterte declares CPP-NPA as terrorist groups". The Philippine Star. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  8. ↑ Viray, Patricia Lourdes (6 December 2017). "Explainer: What happens if CPP-NPA is declared as terrorists?". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  9. ↑ "Vera Files Fact Check: DILG Usec. Malaya wrongly claims NDF is listed as terrorist group by PH, other countries". VERA Files. 30 October 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  10. ↑ Kabagani, Lade Jean (29 November 2023). "NSA: Removal of terrorist tags contingent on peace settlement with CPP-NPA-NDF". Daily Tribune. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  11. ↑ Ombay, Giselle (21 April 2024). "ATC redesignates CPP-NPA as terror group". GMA News. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  12. ↑ "Resolution No. 43 (2023)" (PDF). Anti-Terrorism Council. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023. hereby designates the "Teves Terrorist Group" as a terrorist group
  13. ↑ Crisostomo, Sheila; Romero, Alexis (2 August 2023). "Teves brothers, 11 Degamo suspects tagged as terrorists". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  14. 1 2 Romero, Alexis (22 April 2024). "Anti-Terrorism Council redesignates CPP-NPA as terror group". Philstar.com. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  15. 1 2 Argosino, Faith (22 April 2024). "ATC maintains terrorist designation of CPP-NPA". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  16. ↑ Argosino, Faith (22 April 2024). "ATC maintains terrorist designation of CPP-NPA". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "ATC Resolution No. 55" (PDF). 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.