List of reservoirs on Dartmoor

Last updated

Meldon Dam - overflow Meldon Dam - geograph.org.uk - 348551.jpg
Meldon Dam - overflow

Over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, several reservoirs and dams were built in the area now covered by Dartmoor National Park in Devon, England to supply drinking water to the rapidly growing towns in the surrounding lowlands. With its deep valleys and high rainfall, Dartmoor was an inevitable location. New reservoirs continued construction even after the establishment of the National Park in 1951.

Early schemes to use the moors as a source of drinking water involved the construction of water channels called leats. For example, Drake's Leat (completed 1591) took water to Plymouth and the Devonport Leat (1793) to the docks at Devonport. Rapid population growth of the seaside communities in the late 19th century and the birth of tourism required a significant improvement in quality and quantity of fresh water. [1]

The first Dartmoor reservoir (Tottiford) opened in 1861 and heralded a busy era of dam construction which continued through to 1907, by which time the Dartmoor area was the site of five reservoirs. Three more were to follow during the course of the mid to late 20th century. A fourth, in the valley of the River Swincombe was rejected by the advisory committee of the County Council. [2]

A few long-established Dartmoor farms had to be abandoned and disappeared under the water as a result. During years of drought, some ruins can once again become visible. At Fernworthy, for example, low water levels often reveal the remains of Fernworthy Farm and a small granite Clapper bridge which once crossed the South Teign River. At Avon dam, hut circles are visible at very low water levels. In 2011 an episode of Time Team was devoted to archaeological features discovered in the bed of Tottiford Reservoir.

The final reservoir completed in the park was the Meldon Reservoir, which was completed in 1972.


ReservoirImage Coordinates OS grid ref OpenedNotes
Tottiford Tottiford Dam.jpg 50°38′10″N3°40′59″W / 50.636°N 3.683°W / 50.636; -3.683 SX8108321861Expanded 1865. Fed by Kennick Reservoir
Kennick Kennick Reservoir - geograph.org.uk - 37698.jpg 50°38′49″N3°41′38″W / 50.647°N 3.694°W / 50.647; -3.694 SX8038431884Fed by three minor streams
Burrator Burrator Dam.jpg 50°30′00″N4°02′20″W / 50.500°N 4.039°W / 50.500; -4.039 SX5546861898Expanded 1929. Fed by River Meavy, Narrator Brook, Newleycombe Lake, Sheepstor Brook and the Devonport Leat. Includes Sheepstor Dam.
Venford Venford Dam and spillway.jpg 50°31′26″N3°51′22″W / 50.524°N 3.856°W / 50.524; -3.856 SX6857091907
Trenchford Pier, Trenchford Reservoir - geograph.org.uk - 1262554.jpg 50°37′48″N3°41′28″W / 50.630°N 3.691°W / 50.630; -3.691 SX8058241907Fed by Trenchford Stream
Fernworthy Top of the dam at Fernworthy Reservoir, Dartmoor - geograph.org.uk - 1603485.jpg 50°38′28″N3°53′20″W / 50.641°N 3.889°W / 50.641; -3.889 SX6658401942Fed by South Teign River, Assycombe Brook, Lowton Brook and others
Avon Dam Avon dam2.jpg 50°28′23″N3°51′54″W / 50.473°N 3.865°W / 50.473; -3.865 SX6776531957Fed by River Avon and Brockhill Stream
Meldon Meldon barrage.jpg 50°42′11″N4°02′24″W / 50.703°N 4.040°W / 50.703; -4.040 SX5609121972Fed by West Okement River

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dartmoor</span> National park in South West England

Dartmoor is an upland area in southern Devon, South West England. The moorland and surrounding land has been protected by National Park status since 1951. Dartmoor National Park covers 954 km2 (368 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leat</span> Artificial watercourse or aqueduct dug into the ground

A leat is the name, common in the south and west of England and in Wales, for an artificial watercourse or aqueduct dug into the ground, especially one supplying water to a watermill or its mill pond. Other common uses for leats include delivery of water for hydraulic mining and mineral concentration, for irrigation, to serve a dye works or other industrial plant, and provision of drinking water to a farm or household or as a catchment cut-off to improve the yield of a reservoir.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Devonport Leat</span> Leat in Devon, England

The Devonport Leat is a leat in Devon constructed in the 1790s to carry fresh drinking water from the high ground of Dartmoor to the expanding dockyards at Plymouth Dock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elan Valley Reservoirs</span> Man-made lakes in Mid Wales

The Elan Valley Reservoirs are a chain of man-made lakes created from damming the Elan and Claerwen rivers within the Elan Valley in Mid Wales. The reservoirs, which were built by the Birmingham Corporation Water Department, provide clean drinking water for Birmingham in the West Midlands of England. The five lakes are known as the Claerwen, Craig-goch, Pen-y-garreg, Garreg-ddu, and Caban-coch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">River Loxley</span> River in South Yorkshire, England

The River Loxley is a river in the City of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. Its source is a series of streams which rise some 10 miles (16 km) to the north-west of Sheffield on Bradfield Moors, flowing through Bradfield Dale to converge at Low Bradfield. It flows easterly through Damflask Reservoir and is joined by Storrs Brook at Storrs, near Stannington, and the River Rivelin at Malin Bridge, before flowing into the River Don at Owlerton, in Hillsborough. The Loxley valley provided the initial course of the Great Sheffield Flood, which happened after the Dale Dyke Dam collapsed shortly before its completion in March 1864.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">River Taff</span> River in Wales which flows into Cardiff Bay

The River Taff is a river in Wales. It rises as two rivers in the Brecon Beacons; the Taf Fechan and the Taf Fawr before becoming one just north of Merthyr Tydfil. Its confluence with the River Severn estuary is in Cardiff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calaveras Reservoir</span> Reservoir in California, US

Calaveras Reservoir is located primarily in Santa Clara County, California, with a small portion and its dam in Alameda County, California. In Spanish, Calaveras means "skulls".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drake's Leat</span>

Drake's Leat, also known as Plymouth Leat, was a watercourse constructed in the late 16th century to tap the River Meavy on Dartmoor, England, from which it ran 17.5 miles (28.2 km) in order to supply Plymouth with water. It began at a point now under water at Burrator Reservoir, from which its path now emerges some 10m lower than the typical reservoir water level. It was one of the first municipal water supplies in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burrator Reservoir</span> Reservoir in Devon, England

Burrator Reservoir is a reservoir situated on the southern side of Dartmoor in Devon, England. It is part of a number of reservoirs and dams that were built over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries in the area now covered by Dartmoor National Park to supply drinking water to the city of Plymouth and other rapidly growing towns in the surrounding lowlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lar Dam</span> Dam in Mazandaran, Amol county

Lar Dam is a dam located at the foot of Mount Damavand in Amol county, Mazandaran, Iran. The dam is located within the protected Lar National Park, and situated just 70 kilometers northeast of the capital and the most populous city of the country, Iran. The primary purpose of the dam is municipal water supply to Tehran but prior to the water reaching the city filtration plant, it is used to power the Kalan and Lavarak Hydroelectric Power Stations, with a combined installed capacity of 162.5 MW.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peasey Beck</span> Stream in Cumbria, England

Peasey Beck is a 19.6-kilometre-long (12.2 mi) beck flowing through Cumbria, England. It rises on Lambrigg Fell where it is known as the Sparishaw Beck, flows through Killington Reservoir and converges with Stainton Beck to form the River Bela at Milnthorpe. Prior to 1913, it was known as the River Beela throughout its length.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">River Meavy</span> River in Devon, England

The River Meavy is a river in the southwest part of Dartmoor in Devon in south-west England. It runs entirely in the national park and connects Burrator Reservoir to the River Plym.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cann Quarry Canal</span> Former canal in Devon, England

The Cann Quarry canal was a canal in Devon, England which ran for just under 2 miles (3.2 km) from Cann Quarry to the River Plym at Marsh Mills. It opened in 1829, and a short tramway connected it to the Plymouth and Dartmoor Railway at Crabtree Junction. It had been replaced by a tramway within ten years, but continued to be used as a mill leat to supply Marsh Mills corn mill, and most of it is still visible.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pidcock's Canal</span> Former canal in Gloucestershire, England

Pidcock's Canal was a canal in Gloucestershire, England, which connected ironworks at Upper Forge and Lower Forge, and also ran to an inlet from the River Severn called Lydney Pill. It was constructed from 1778 onwards, and there were three locks below Middle Forge. Following the construction of the Lydney Canal in 1813, the canal connected to that, rather than Lydney Pill, and it was disused after 1840, by which time a horse-drawn tramway had been built up the valley of The Lyd. The tramway was eventually relaid as a steam railway and is now preserved as the Dean Forest Railway. Most of the canal, colloquially called The Cut, still exists below Middle Forge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eylesbarrow mine</span> Disused tin mine on Dartmoor, Devon, England

Eylesbarrow mine was a tin mine on Dartmoor, Devon, England that was active during the first half of the 19th century. In its early years it was one of the largest and most prosperous of the Dartmoor tin mines, along with Whiteworks and the Birch Tor and Vitifer mines. Its name has several variant spellings, such as Eylesburrow, Ailsborough, Ellisborough, Hillsborough etc. It was also known as Wheal Ruth for a short period around 1850. The extensive remains lie to the north of the River Plym, less than 1 mile (1.6 km) north-east of Drizzlecombe, on the southern shoulder of the hill called Eylesbarrow on top of which are two prominent Bronze Age barrows.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sirindhorn Dam</span> Dam in Sirindhorn, Ubon Ratchathani

The Sirindhorn Dam is in Sirindhorn District, Ubon Ratchatani, Thailand. It impounds the Lam Dom Noi River, and its reservoir is the province's largest water resource. The dam was commissioned in 1971 to serve as a hydropower facility as well as to supply irrigation water. The dam was named after Princess Royal Sirindhorn. All of the electricity generated by the dam is destined for domestic markets. The dam was constructed and is owned and operated by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand and is located in the Mekong River Basin, just upstream from the controversial Pak Mun Dam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Misicuni Dam</span> Dam in Cochabamba Department, Cochabamba

The Misicuni Multiplepurpose Project, better known as the Misicuni Dam, is a concrete-face rock-fill dam constructed on the Misicuni River about 35 km (22 mi) northwest of the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia. The dam will divert water from the Misicuni River to the Cochabamba Valley for several purposes to include providing water for irrigation and municipal water uses. In addition, the dam has an associated 120 MW hydroelectric power station, powered by 3 turbines 40 MW each. Construction on the dam began in June 2009 but was halted in November 2013 due to contract disputes. The company finished the construction and is started the operations in September 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eller Beck</span> River in North Yorkshire, England

The Eller Beck is a small river in North Yorkshire, England, that flows through the town of Skipton and is a tributary of the River Aire. Its channel was heavily modified to supply water to mills in the 18th and 19th centuries, and although all the mills have closed, the water now supplies power to the National Grid, generated by a turbine at High Corn Mill. The beck flows through several underground culverts in Skipton that contribute to the flood risk. To alleviate flooding in Skipton town centre, a scheme involving two flood water storage reservoirs was designed and eventually completed in 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chicoutimi River</span> River in Quebec, Canada

The Chicoutimi River is a watercourse of eastern Quebec, Canada. A tributary of the Saguenay River, which it meets in the city of Saguenay, it is the 26.2-kilometre-long (16.3 mi) main outlet of Kenogami Lake, which rises from a watershed of 3,390 square kilometres (1,310 sq mi) in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve. Entirely located in the Chicoutimi borough of Saguenay, it is the most urbanized and dammed river in Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean.

References

  1. "What Future for Dartmoor's Water Resources?". The Dartmoor Society. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  2. Mercer, Ian (2009). Dartmoor - A Statement of its Time. The New Naturalist Library. Vol. 111. London: Collins. p. 326. ISBN   978-0-00-718499-6.