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 Myanmarportal |
This is a list of rulers of Bassein (Pathein), one of the three main Mon-speaking provinces of Lower Burma. (now Myanmar).
| History of Myanmar |
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|
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| Myanmarportal |
This is a list of rulers of Bassein (Pathein), one of the three main Mon-speaking provinces of Lower Burma. (now Myanmar).
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| Name | Term From | Term Until | Relationship to predecessor(s) | Overlord | Notes |
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| Uzana of Bassein | ? | 1287 | Narathihapate |
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| Name | Term From | Term Until | Relationship to predecessor(s) | Overlord | Notes |
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| Smin Nyi-San | ? | 1323/24 | In revolt (1323/24) [1] | ||
| ? | |||||
| Lauk Shein | by 1380s | 1390 | Binnya U (to 1384) Laukpya (to 1390) | ||
| Thilawa | 1390 | 1408 | None (appointed) | Razadarit | Former minister at the court [2] |
| Dein Mani-Yut | 1408 | 1415 | None (appointed) | Razadarit | |
| Smin Awa Naing | 1415 | 1421 | None (appointed) | Razadarit | |
| Binnya Ran I | 1421 | 1424 | None (son of Razadarit) | Binnya Dhammaraza | Titular lord of Bassein since 1412 |
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Razadarit was king of Hanthawaddy Pegu from 1384 to 1421. He successfully unified his Mon-speaking kingdom, and fended off major assaults by the Burmese-speaking Ava Kingdom (Inwa) in the Forty Years' War. The king also instituted an administrative system that left his successors with a far more integrated kingdom. He is one of the most famous kings in Burmese history.
Wareru was the founder of the Martaban Kingdom, located in present-day Myanmar (Burma). By using both diplomatic and military skills, he successfully carved out a Mon-speaking polity in Lower Burma, during the collapse of the Pagan Empire in the 1280s. Wareru was assassinated in 1307 but his line ruled the kingdom until its fall in the mid-16th century.
Hkun Law was king of Martaban from 1307 to 1311. He succeeded the throne after the death of his brother Wareru, who left no male heir.
Saw O was king of Martaban from 1311 to 1323. He transformed Martaban into a truly independent kingdom by successfully breaking with its hitherto nominal overlord Sukhothai.
Saw Zein was king of Martaban from 1323 to 1330. He inherited a newly independent kingdom from his elder brother Saw O but spent much of his reign putting down rebellions. Although he regained the Mon-speaking provinces of Lower Burma, he could not recover the Tenasserim coast from Martaban's former overlord Sukhothai.
Zein Pun was king of Martaban for one week in 1330. Of commoner background, Zein Pun rose from a childhood servant of Prince Saw Zein to a powerful commander during Saw Zein's reign. The ambitious commander then staged a coup against his lord, killing the king. But the usurper himself was killed a week later in a counter-coup organized by Queen Sanda Min Hla.
Saw E Kan-Kaung was king of Martaban for 49 days in 1330. E was the last Martaban king to pledge allegiance to Sukhothai.
Binnya E Law was king of Martaban from 1330 to 1348. Placed on the throne by his half-sister Queen Sanda Min Hla, this son of King Hkun Law defeated Sukhothai's invasion in 1330–1331, ending Martaban's tributary status to the Siamese kingdom.
Binnya U was king of Martaban–Hanthawaddy from 1348 to 1384. His reign was marked by several internal rebellions and external conflicts. He survived the initial rebellions and an invasion by Lan Na by 1353. But from 1364 onwards, his effective rule covered only the Pegu province, albeit the most strategic and powerful of the kingdom's three provinces. Constantly plagued by poor health, U increasingly relied on his sister Maha Dewi to govern. He formally handed her all his powers in 1383 while facing an open rebellion by his eldest son Binnya Nwe, who succeeded him as King Razadarit.
Maha Dewi was princess-regent of Hanthawaddy for about ten weeks at the end of her brother King Binnya U's reign. She was also governor of Dagon from 1364 to c. 1392.
Smin Maru was a general of the Royal Hanthawaddy Army, and a pretender to the Hanthawaddy throne. Son of a court official, Maru rose to the upper echelons of the Hanthawaddy court by marrying Princess Tala Mi Thiri. He then became a close ally and alleged lover of Princess-Regent Maha Dewi. He was executed on the order of his brother-in-law King Razadarit in 1384.
Min Bala was governor of Myaungmya from the 1290s to the 1310s. He was the father of kings Saw O and Saw Zein of Martaban. Bala was the power behind the throne during the early reign of Saw O.
Tarabya of Pegu was the self-proclaimed king of Pegu from c. 1287 to c. 1296. He was one of several regional strongmen who emerged after the fall of the Pagan Empire in 1287.
Akhamaman was the self-proclaimed king of Pegu, in modern Myanmar, with the title of Thunekkhat Yaza from 1285 to c. 1287. He was one of several regional strongmen who emerged during the final years of the Pagan Empire in the 1280s. As the ruler of Pegu, he successfully fended off two attacks by King Narathihapate's forces. After the victory, however, he became deeply unpopular for his increasingly autocratic rule, and was assassinated.
May Hnin Theindya was a principal queen consort of King Tarabya of Pegu (Bago) from c. 1293 to 1296. She was the only known child of King Wareru of Martaban, and may have been a granddaughter of King Ram Khamhaeng of Sukhothai.
Dein Mani-Yut was co-chief minister of Hanthawaddy during the reign of King Razadarit (1384–1421). He was also a senior general, and held key governorship posts at Syriam (1370s–1408), Bassein (1408–1415) and Sittaung (1415–1420s). Along with his colleague Byat Za, Dein was instrumental in Razadarit's reunification campaigns of the Mon-speaking kingdom in the late 1380s, as well as the Forty Years' War against the Burmese-speaking Ava Kingdom.
Nyi Kan-Kaung was a Hanthawaddy royal and governor of Dala–Twante from 1370/71 to 1388/89. A stepson of King Binnya U, the prince was an early supporter of his half-brother Binnya Nwe's successful rebellion against U in 1383–1384. However he was executed in 1388/89 by Nwe, now known as Razadarit, for suspicion of planning a rebellion.