List of stave churches in Norway

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A stave church (Norwegian: stavkirke) is a church built of timbers with a supporting structure of posts (pillars) standing on reclining sleepers or timbers and carrying poles. The structural joints in the wall form frames that are filled with standing planks or tiles. The poles (stavene) have given name to this church type. Stave churches are now considered to be among the most important representatives of European medieval architecture in wood and are represented by the Urnes Stave Church on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Contents

This list contains 28 preserved stave churches. Reference is also made to the Fantoft Stave Church, which is a reconstruction of the church destroyed by arson; Vang Church, which is today in Poland; and two of the churches that were built in the 1600s with inspiration from the stave churches Fåvang Stave Church and Vågå Church. Uvdal church from 1893 is built with a dragon style and other style elements, but is not included in this list.

Lost stave churches

In the Middle Ages there were probably over 1000 stave churches in Norway, but most disappeared in the period 1350–1650, probably as a result of changing needs after the Black Death and the Reformation. [1] In 1650, there were about 270 stave churches left in Norway, and in the next hundred years 136 of them disappeared. Around 1800 there were still 95 stave churches, while over 200 former stave churches were still known by name or written sources (according to Lorentz Dietrichson). From 1850 to 1885 32 stave churches were lost, but only Fantoft Stave Church has been lost since then. [2]

After the Reformation, some stave churches were enlarged or rebuilt with log construction. For example, Flesberg Stave Church was expanded to a cross church with the cross arms in timber logs, while the Rømskog Church that was built with stave construction was replaced by a church in timber logs. [3] Also Hol old church was originally a stave church, but was rebuilt or expanded until there was little trace of the demolished building. Vågå Church is sometimes referred to as a stave church, but is the result of extensive reconstruction with reuse of materials from the demolished stave church.

The existing stave churches are concentrated on the upper valley regions of eastern Norway ( Østlandet ) (Gudbrandsdalen, Numedal, Hallingdal, Valdres and Telemark) and the inner fjord regions of western Norway. Exceptions are in particular the two stave churches that have been moved to Bergen and Oslo, and Grip Stave Church which is located on a vacated island in the sea. [4] A map of the 322 stave churches known in 1800 shows that there were the most stave churches in the least populated areas, while there are most stone churches in the cities, in the flat settlements (Østlandet and Trøndelag), along the coast and in the largest church parish in the fjords in Vestlandet. There were mostly stave churches in the mountain valleys and forest villages, and in fishing villages on the islands and smaller fjord arms. Where the parish churches were in stone, the annex could be a stave church. [2] For example, the main church in Aurland (Vangen church) is in stone, while there is a stave church in Undredal and there was probably a stave church in Flåm.

Preserved stave churches

Innlandet

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Garmo Garmo Stave Church Winter (edited).JPG Lom, now at Maihaugen 1157/58
Hedalen Hedalen.jpg Sør-Aurdal 1150-1200
Hegge Hegge.jpg Øystre Slidre After 1216
Høre Hore stave church 25may2006.jpg Vang 1180
Lom Stabkirche Lom.JPG Lom 1150-1200
Lomen Lomen stavkyrkje, Vestre Slidre.jpg Vestre Slidre Woodwork from 1179
Reinli Reinli Stavkyrkje, Sor-Aurdal.JPG Sør-Aurdal After 1326
Ringebu Stabkirche von Ringebu Norwegen.JPG Ringebu 1220
Øye Oye stave church 25may2006.jpg Vang Ca. 1200

In addition:

Møre og Romsdal

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Grip Grip-Stave-church-Norway.jpg Kristiansund 1450-1500
Kvernes Kvernes stavkirke 01sept2008.jpg Averøy 1633 [5]
Rødven RodvenStavkirke-Rauma-Norway.jpg Rauma ca. 1200

Trøndelag

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Haltdalen Stave Church Haltdalen stavkirke.jpg Holtålen
(now at Trøndelag Museum in Trondheim)
1170

Vestfold og Telemark

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Eidsborg Eidsborg stavkirke 2000.jpg Tokke 1200s
Heddal Heddal Stabkirche.jpg Notodden 1200s
Høyjord Hoyjord08030032.jpg Sandefjord maybe 1275

Vestland

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Borgund Borgundstavkirke.jpg Lærdal
(now operated by the Fortidsminneforeningen )
1150 1200
Hopperstad EgliseBoisDeboutNorvege.jpg Vik
(now operated by the Fortidsminneforeningen )
ca. 1130
Kaupanger Kaupanger stave church.jpg Sogndal ca. 1190
Røldal Roldal Stave Church.jpg Ullensvang 1200s
Undredal UndredalStaveChurch Aug2006.jpg Aurland 1147
Urnes Urnes,a.jpg Luster
(now operated by the Fortidsminneforeningen )
1130

Viken

ChurchPhotoMunicipalityYear
Flesberg Flesberg kirke2.jpg Flesberg After 1111
Gol Gol stavkirke, vinter.JPG Gol
(now at the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History, Oslo)
After 1216
Nore Nore stave church.jpg Nore og Uvdal After 1166–67
Rollag Rollag kirke 02.jpg Rollag Before 1482
Torpo Torpo stavkirke 03040026.jpg Ål After 1192
Uvdal Uvdal stave church.jpg Nore og Uvdal After 1168

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stave church</span> Wooden Christian church building

A stave church is a medieval wooden Christian church building once common in north-western Europe. The name derives from the building's structure of post and lintel construction, a type of timber framing where the load-bearing ore-pine posts are called stafr in Old Norse. Two related church building types also named for their structural elements, the post church and palisade church, are often called 'stave churches'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vågå Church</span> Church in Innlandet, Norway

Vågå Church is a historic stave church. It is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vågåmo. It is the church for the Vågå parish which is part of the Nord-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1627 by the architect Werner Olsen. The church seats about 250 people.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Urnes Stave Church</span> Church building in Luster, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

Urnes Stave Church is a 12th-century stave church at Ornes, along the Lustrafjorden in the municipality of Luster in Vestland county, Norway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fåvang</span> Village in Ringebu, Norway

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hopperstad Stave Church</span> Church in Vestland, Norway

Hopperstad Stave Church is a historic parish church of the Church of Norway in the village of Vikøyri in Vik Municipality in Vestland county. It was historically the church for the Hopperstad parish in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The church is currently owned by the Society for the Preservation of Ancient Norwegian Monuments. The brown, wooden stave church was built during the 12th century. The church seats about 30 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fåvang Stave Church</span> Church in Innlandet, Norway

Fåvang Stave Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Ringebu Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located just south of the village of Fåvang. It is the main church for the Fåvang parish which is part of the Sør-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in the year 1630 using plans drawn up by the architect Werner Olsen. The church seats about 170 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gol Stave Church</span> Church in Oslo, Norway

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vang Stave Church</span> Church in Karpacz, Poland

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haltdalen Stave Church</span>

Haltdalen Stave Church is a stave church that was originally built in the 1170s in the village of Haltdalen in what is now the municipality of Holtålen in Trøndelag county, Norway. The church is now on display at the Sverresborg Trøndelag Folkemuseum in the city of Trondheim. This is a single-nave stave church of the east Scandinavian-style, and it is the only one that is preserved.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fortun Church</span> Church in Vestland, Norway

Fortun Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Fortun. It is the church for the Fortun parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1879 using plans drawn up by the architect Erik Pedersen Rusten. The church seats about 250 people.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kvam Church (Nord-Fron)</span> Church in Innlandet, Norway

Kvam Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nord-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Kvam. It is the church for the Kvam parish which is part of the Nord-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1952 using plans drawn up by the architect Magnus Poulsson. The church seats about 450 people. The church has a cemetery with a memorial to British soldiers that were killed in an engagement at the site in 1940.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vang Church (Vang)</span> Church in Innlandet, Norway

Vang Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vang i Valdres, on the shore of the lake Vangsmjøse. It is the church for the Vang parish which is part of the Valdres prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1839 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Linstow. The church seats about 250 people.

References

  1. Mattes, Julia (2011), Die nordischen Stabkirchen, Stuttgart
  2. 1 2 Anker, Peter (1997): Stavkirkene: deres egenart og historie. Cappelens kunstfaglige bibliotek. Oslo: Cappelen.
  3. Sigrid Marie Christie, Håkon Christie: Rømskog kirke, i Norges kirker, lest 24. august 2014.
  4. Ahrens, Claus (1994): Gol stavkyrkje og dei gamle trekyrkjene.
  5. Aksnes, Solveig Nyhus (11 December 2019). "Eit lite hol avslørte ein stor hemmelegheit". NRK (in Norwegian Nynorsk). Retrieved 11 December 2019. Lenge har ein trudd at denne kyrkja vart bygd i mellomalderen, slik som mange av dei andre stavkyrkjene i Noreg, men nye undersøkingar viser at denne kyrkja vart bygd i 1633.