List of steroid abbreviations

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The steroid hormones are referred to by various abbreviations in the biological literature. The purpose of this list is to give commonly used abbreviations for steroid hormones, with supporting references to the literature.

Table of abbreviations

Trivial NameAbbreviation(s)Systematic Name
Cholesterol Chol [1] 5-cholesten-3beta-ol
Progestogens
Pregnenolone P5 [2] or Preg [3] 3beta-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one
17α-Hydroxypregnenolone 17-OHP5 [4] or 17P5 [5] 3beta,17-dihydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one
Progesterone P4 [6] or P [3] 4-pregnene-3,20-dione
17α-Hydroxyprogesterone 17-OHP4 [4] or 17OHP [7] or 17P4 [5] 17α-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
Allopregnanolone ALLO5α-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one
Androgens
Androstenedione A4 [8] or AE [9] 4-androstene-3,17-dione
4-Hydroxyandrostenedione 4-OH-A [3]
11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione 11βOHA4 [10] or 11βOHΔ4 [11] or OHA [12] 11β-Hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione
Androstanediol Adiol [13] 3-beta,17-beta-Androstanediol
Androsterone AN [9] 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-17-one
Epiandrosterone EPIA [14] 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-17-one
Adrenosterone AT[ citation needed ]4-androstene-3,11,17-trione
Dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA [15] or DHA [16] 3beta-hydroxy-5-androsten-17-one
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate DHEAS [8] or DHAS [16] 3beta-sulfooxy-5-androsten-17-one
Testosterone T [4] 17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
Epitestosterone epiT [17] 17alpha-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
5α-Dihydrotestosterone DHT [15] or 5α-DHT [18] 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one
5β-Dihydrotestosterone 5β-DHT [18] 17beta-hydroxy-5beta-androstan-3-one
11β-Hydroxytestosterone OHT [12] or 11β-OHT [19] 11beta,17beta-dihydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
11-Ketotestosterone 11-KT [20] 17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3,17-dione
Estrogens
Estrone E1 [6] 3-hydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-17-one
Estradiol E2 [4] 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17beta-diol
Estriol E3 [6] 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,16alpha,17beta-triol
Corticosteroids
Corticosterone B [7] or CORT [21] 11beta,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
11-Deoxycorticosterone DOC [7] 21-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
Cortisol F [7] 11beta,17,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
11-Deoxycortisol S [22] 17,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
Cortisone E [7] 17,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,11,20-trione
18-Hydroxycorticosterone 18OHB [23] or 18B [24] 11beta,18,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
1α-Hydroxycorticosterone 1α-B [25] 1alpha,11beta, 21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
Aldosterone A [7] or ALDO [26] 18,11-hemiacetal of 11beta,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-4-pregnen-18-al

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dehydroepiandrosterone</span> Chemical compound

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as androstenolone, is an endogenous steroid hormone precursor. It is one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans. DHEA is produced in the adrenal glands, the gonads, and the brain. It functions as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the androgen and estrogen sex steroids both in the gonads and in various other tissues. However, DHEA also has a variety of potential biological effects in its own right, binding to an array of nuclear and cell surface receptors, and acting as a neurosteroid and modulator of neurotrophic factor receptors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Progestogen</span> Steroid hormone that activates the progesterone receptor

Progestogens, also sometimes written progestagens or gestagens, are a class of natural or synthetic steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptors (PR). Progesterone is the major and most important progestogen in the body. The progestogens are named for their function in maintaining pregnancy, although they are also present at other phases of the estrous and menstrual cycles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adrenal cortex</span> Cortex of the adrenal gland

The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland. It is divided into three separate zones: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Each zone is responsible for producing specific hormones. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transcortin</span> Protein found in humans

Transcortin, also known as corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) or serpin A6, is a protein produced in the liver in animals. In humans it is encoded by the SERPINA6 gene. It is an alpha-globulin.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency is an uncommon form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) resulting from a mutation in the gene CYP17A1, which produces the enzyme 17α-hydroxylase. It causes decreased synthesis of cortisol and sex hormones, with resulting increase in mineralocorticoid production. Thus, common symptoms include mild cortisol deficiency, ambiguous genitalia in men or amenorrhea at puberty in women, and hypokalemic hypertension. However, partial (incomplete) deficiency often has inconsistent symptoms between patients, and affected women may be asymptomatic except for infertility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pregnenolone</span> Chemical compound

Pregnenolone (P5), or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is an endogenous steroid and precursor/metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of most of the steroid hormones, including the progestogens, androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. In addition, pregnenolone is biologically active in its own right, acting as a neurosteroid.

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes catalyze the conversion of inert 11 keto-products (cortisone) to active cortisol, or vice versa, thus regulating the access of glucocorticoids to the steroid receptors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate</span> Chemical compound

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, abbreviated as DHEA sulfate or DHEA-S, also known as androstenolone sulfate, is an endogenous androstane steroid that is produced by the adrenal cortex. It is the 3β-sulfate ester and a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and circulates in far greater relative concentrations than DHEA. The steroid is hormonally inert and is instead an important neurosteroid and neurotrophin.

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4 isomerase (3β-HSD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of the steroid progesterone from pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone from 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and androstenedione from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the adrenal gland. It is the only enzyme in the adrenal pathway of corticosteroid synthesis that is not a member of the cytochrome P450 family. It is also present in other steroid-producing tissues, including the ovary, testis and placenta. In humans, there are two 3β-HSD isozymes encoded by the HSD3B1 and HSD3B2 genes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steroid 11β-hydroxylase</span> Protein found in mammals

Steroid 11β-hydroxylase, also known as steroid 11β-monooxygenase, is a steroid hydroxylase found in the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. Named officially the cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial, it is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP11B1 gene. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of adrenal corticosteroids by catalyzing the addition of hydroxyl groups during oxidation reactions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">11-Deoxycortisol</span> Chemical compound

11-Deoxycortisol, also known as cortodoxone (INN), cortexolone as well as 17α,21-dihydroxyprogesterone or 17α,21-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is an endogenous glucocorticoid steroid hormone, and a metabolic intermediate toward cortisol. It was first described by Tadeusz Reichstein in 1938 as Substance S, thus has also been referred to as Reichstein's Substance S or Compound S.

Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency is a form of adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients who have blood corticosteroid levels which are inadequate for the severe stress response they experience. Combined with decreased glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity and tissue response to corticosteroids, this adrenal insufficiency constitutes a negative prognostic factor for intensive care patients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3α-Androstanediol</span> Chemical compound

3α-Androstanediol also known as 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol and sometimes shortened in the literature to 3α-diol, is an endogenous steroid hormone and neurosteroid and a metabolite of androgens like dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roxibolone</span> Chemical compound

Roxibolone (INN), also known as 11β,17β-dihydroxy-17α-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-2-carboxylic acid, is a steroidal antiglucocorticoid described as an anticholesterolemic (cholesterol-lowering) and anabolic drug which was never marketed. Roxibolone is closely related to formebolone, which shows antiglucocorticoid activity similarly and, with the exception of having a carboxaldehyde group at the C2 position instead of a carboxylic acid group, roxibolone is structurally almost identical to. The 2-decyl ester of roxibolone, decylroxibolone, is a long-acting prodrug of roxibolone with similar activity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">21-Deoxycortisone</span> Chemical compound

21-Deoxycortisone, also known as 21-desoxycortisone, 11-keto-17α-hydroxyprogesterone, or 17α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione, is a naturally occurring, endogenous steroid and minor intermediate and metabolite in corticosteroid metabolism. It is related to 21-deoxycortisol (11β,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone) and is reversibly formed from it by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, analogously to the reversible formation of cortisone from cortisol. 21-Deoxycortisone can be transformed into cortisone by 21-hydroxylase.

Adrenal steroids are steroids that are derived from the adrenal glands. They include corticosteroids, which consist of glucocorticoids like cortisol and mineralocorticoids like aldosterone, adrenal androgens like dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (A4), and neurosteroids like DHEA and DHEA-S, as well as pregnenolone and pregnenolone sulfate (P5-S). Adrenal steroids are specifically produced in the adrenal cortex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pharmacodynamics of spironolactone</span> Mechanisms of action

The pharmacodynamics of spironolactone, an antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogen medication, concern its mechanisms of action, including its biological targets and activities, as well as its physiological effects. The pharmacodynamics of spironolactone are characterized by high antimineralocorticoid activity, moderate antiandrogenic activity, and weak steroidogenesis inhibition. In addition, spironolactone has sometimes been found to increase estradiol and cortisol levels and hence could have slight indirect estrogenic and glucocorticoid effects. The medication has also been found to interact very weakly with the estrogen and progesterone receptors, and to act as an agonist of the pregnane X receptor. Likely due to increased activation of the estrogen and/or progesterone receptors, spironolactone has very weak but significant antigonadotropic effects.

Late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LOCAH), also known as nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is a milder form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by impaired cortisol synthesis that leads to variable degrees of postnatal androgen excess.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Androgen backdoor pathway</span> Series of interconnected biochemical reactions

The androgen backdoor pathway synthesizes physiologically relevant androgens from 21-carbon steroids (pregnanes) via 5α-reduction, bypassing testosterone. This differs from the conventional, canonical androgenic pathway, which involves testosterone.

Adrenal androgen stimulating hormone (AASH), also known as cortical androgen stimulating hormone (CASH), is a hypothetical hormone which has been proposed to stimulate the adrenal glands to produce adrenal androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (A4). It is hypothesized to be involved in adrenarche and adrenopause. The existence of this hormone is controversial and disputed and it has not been identified to date. A number of other mechanisms and/or hormones may instead play the functional role of the so-called AASH.

References

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