List of viceroys of New Spain

Last updated

Viceroy of New Spain
Residence Palace of the Viceroy
Appointer King of Spain
Formation14 November 1535
First holder Antonio de Mendoza
Final holder Juan O'Donojú
Abolished28 September 1821

This article lists the viceroys who ruled the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1535 to 1821 in the name of the monarch of Spain.

Contents

In addition to viceroys, this article lists the highest Spanish governors of the viceroyalty, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. Most of these individuals exercised most or all of the functions of viceroy, usually on an interim basis.

Governor of the West Indies

This office covered the territories that were discovered by Christopher Columbus.[ dubious discuss ]

1492–1499: Christopher Columbus, as governor and viceroy of the West Indies
1499–1502: Francisco de Bobadilla, as governor of the West Indies
1502–1509: Nicolás de Ovando, as governor of the West Indies
1509–1518: Diego Columbus, as governor of the West Indies until 1511, thereafter as viceroy

Governor of New Spain

This office covered the territories that were claimed by Hernán Cortés. The office covered the territories that were under the control of the Governor of the Indies after 1524.

13 August 1521 – 24 December 1521: Hernán Cortés
24 December 1521 – 30 December 1521: Cristóbal de Tapia
30 December 1521 – 12 October 1524: Hernán Cortés , as governor and captain general from 15 October 1522
12 October 1524 – 29 December 1524: Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
29 December 1524 – 17 February 1525: Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
17 February 1525 – 20 April 1525: Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
20 April 1525 – 23 May 1525: Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
24 May 1525 – 28 January 1526: Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino
29 January 1526 – 24 June 1526: Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz
25 June 1526 – 3 July 1526: Hernán Cortés
4 July 1526 – 16 July 1526: Luis Ponce de León
16 July 1526 – 1 March 1527: Marcos de Aguilar
2 March 1527 – 22 August 1527: Alonso de Estrada, Gonzalo de Sandoval, Luis de la Torre
22 August 1527 – 8 December 1528: Alonso de Estrada, Luis de la Torre
9 December 1528 – 21 December 1529: Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
21 December 1529 – 9 January 1531: Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
10 January 1531 – 16 April 1535: Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal, Vasco de Quiroga, Juan de Salmerón, Alonso de Maldonado, Francisco Ceinos (the second Audiencia)

Viceroys of New Spain (1535–1821)

The first Viceroy of New Spain was appointed in 1535 to consolidate the offices of the Governor of the Indies and the Governor of New Spain into a single office.

No.PortraitGovernorFromUntilMonarch
1 AntonioMendoza.jpg Antonio de Mendoza 14 November 153525 November 1550 Karl V after Tiziano.jpg
Charles I
2 LuisdeVelascoI.jpg Luís de Velasco 25 November 155031 July 1564
3 GastonPeralta.jpg Gastón Carrillo de Peralta y Bosquete,
3rd Marquess of Falces
19 October 156611 November 1567 Portrait of Philip II of Spain by Sofonisba Anguissola - 002b.jpg
Philip II
4 MartinEnriquezdeAlmansa.jpg Martín Enríquez de Almanza 5 November 15684 October 1580
5 LorenzoSuarezdeMendoza.jpg Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza,
4th Count of La Coruña
4 October 158019 June 1583
6 PedroMoyaContreras.jpg Pedro de Moya y Contrerás
(Archbishop of Mexico)
25 September 158417 October 1585
7 AlvaroManriquedeZugniga.jpg Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga
1st Marquess of Villamanrique
17 October 158527 January 1590
8 LuisdeVelascoII.jpg Luís de Velasco
Marquess of Salinas
27 January 15905 November 1595
9 GaspardeZugnigayAcevedo.jpg Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca,
5th Count of Monterrey
5 November 159527 October 1603
10 JuandeMendozayLuna.jpg Juan de Mendoza y Luna,
Marquess of Montesclaros
27 October 16032 July 1607 Phillip III - Google Art Project (brighter).jpg
Philip III
11 LuisdeVelascoII.jpg Luís de Velasco,
Marquess of Salinas
2 July 160719 June 1611
12 FrayGarciaGuerra.jpg García Guerra , O.P.
(Archbishop of Mexico)
19 June 161122 February 1612
Int. Middle Coat of Arms of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Charles I as King of Spain.svg Pedro Otárola,
Dean of the Audiencia
22 February 161218 October 1612
13 DiegoFernandezdeCordoba.jpg Diego Fernández de Córdoba,
Marquess of Guadalcázar and Count of Posadas
18 October 161214 March 1621
Int. Middle Coat of Arms of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Charles I as King of Spain.svg Paz de Valecillo,
Dean of the Audiencia
14 March 162111 September 1621
14 DiegoCarrillodeMendoza.jpg Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel,
1st Marquess of Gélves
21 September 16211 November 1624 Philip IV of Spain.jpg
Philip IV
Vacant
Due to the discrepancy on the arrival of successor Viceroy
from 1 to 3 November 1624.
15 RodrigoPachecoyOsorio.jpg Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio de Toledo,
3rd Marquess of Cerralvo
3 November 162416 September 1635
16 LopeDiezdeArmendariz.jpg Lope Díez de Aux de Armendáriz,
Marquess of Cadreita
16 September 163528 August 1640
17 DiegoLopezPacheco,CabrerayBobadilla.jpg Diego Roque López Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla,
7th Duke of Escalona, 7th Marquess of Villena and 7th Count of Xiquena
28 August 164010 June 1642
18 JuandePalafoxyMendoza.jpg Juan de Palafox y Mendoza
(Bishop of Puebla)
10 June 164223 November 1642
19 GarciaSarmientodeSotomayor.jpg García Sarmiento de Sotomayor,
2nd Count of Salvatierra and Marquess of Sobroso
23 November 164214 May 1648
20 MarcosdeTorresyRueda.jpg Marcos de Torres y Rueda
(Bishop of Yucatan)
15 May 164822 April 1649
Int. Middle Coat of Arms of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Charles I as King of Spain.svg Matías de Peralta,
Dean of the Audiencia
22 April 164928 June 1650
21 EnriquezdeGuzman,condedeAlbadeAliste.jpg Luis Enríquez de Guzmán,
9th Count of Alba de Liste and Marquess of Villaflor
28 June 165015 August 1653
22 FranciscoFernandezdelaCueva.jpg Francisco Fernández de la Cueva,
8th Duke of Alburquerque, Marquess of Cuéllar, Count of Ledesma and of Huelma
15 August 165316 September 1660
23 JuandeLeyvaydelaCerda.jpg Juan de Leyva de la Cerda,
Marquess of Adrada
16 September 166029 June 1664
24 DiegoOsoriodeEscobaryLlamas.jpg Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas
(Bishop of Puebla)
29 June 166415 October 1664
25 AntonioSebastiandeToledo.jpg Antonio Sebastián de Toledo Molina y Salazar,
2nd Marquess of Mancera
16 October 166420 November 1673
26 PedroNugnoColondePortugal.jpg Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro,
6th Duke of Veragua, 6th Marquess of Jamaica and 6th Count of Gelves
20 November 167313 December 1673 Rey Carlos II.jpg
Charles II
27 Fray Payo Enriquez de Rivera2.JPG Payo Enríquez de Rivera Manrique , O.S.A.
(Bishop of Guatemala and Archbishop of Mexico)
13 December 16737 November 1680
28 CondeDeParedes.jpg Tomás Antonio Manuel Lorenzo de la Cerda y Aragón
3rd Marquess of La Laguna de Camero Viejo
7 November 168016 June 1686
29 MelchorPorotcarreroLassodelaVega.jpg Melchor Portocarrero y Lasso de la Vega,
3rd Count of Monclova
16 June 168620 November 1688
30 Gaspar de la Cerda Sandoval Silva y Mendoza.jpg Gaspar Melchor Baltasar de la Cerda Silva Sandoval y Mendoza,
8th Count of Galve, Lord of Salcedón and Tortola
20 November 168827 February 1696
31 JuandeOrtegayMontagnes.jpg Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño
(Bishop of Durango, Guatemala, Michoacán and Archbishop of Mexico)
27 February 169618 December 1696
32 JoseSarmientoyValladares,condedeMoctezuma.jpg José Sarmiento Valladares Arines de Romay,
1st Duke of Atrisco, Count of Moctezuma and of Tula
18 December 16964 November 1701
33 JuandeOrtegayMontagnes.jpg Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño
(Archbishop of Mexico)
4 November 170127 November 1702 Philip V of Spain.jpg
Philip V
34 Francisco Fernandez de la Cueva y de la Cueva.png Francisco V Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez y Fernández de la Cueva,
10th Duke of Alburquerque and Marquess of Cuéllar
27 November 170213 November 1710
35 FernandodeAlencastre.jpg Fernando de Alencastre Noroña y Silva,
1st Duke of Linares and Marquess of Valdefuentes
13 November 171016 July 1716
36 BaltasardeZugniga.jpg Baltasar de Zúñiga Guzmán Sotomayor y Mendoza,
1st Duke of Arión and Marquess of Valero
16 July 171615 October 1722
37 Juan de Acuna.jpg Juan de Acuña y Bejarano,
2nd Marquess of Casa Fuerte
15 October 172217 March 1734 Luis I, principe de Asturias2.jpg
Louis I
From 1700 to 1724, Philip V was the king; then from 1724 to 1746. Louis I only reigned in 1724.
38 JuanAntoniodeVizarronyEguiarreta.jpg Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta
(Archbishop of Mexico)
17 March 173417 August 1740 Philip V of Spain.jpg
Philip V
39 Pedro de Castro y Figueroa.jpg Pedro de Castro Figueroa y Salazar,
1st Duke of La Conquista and 1st Marquess of Gracia Real
17 August 174022 August 1741
Int. Pedro Malo de Villavicencio.jpg Pedro Malo de Villavicencio ,
President of the Audiencia
23 August 17412 November 1742
40 PedroCebrianyAgustin.jpg Pedro Cebrián y Agustín,
5th Count of Fuenclara
3 November 17429 July 1746
41 JuanFranciscodeGuemesyHorcasitas.jpg Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas,
1st Count of Revillagigedo
9 July 17469 November 1755 Portrait of King Ferdinand VI of Spain (1713-1759).jpg
Ferdinand VI
42 AgustindeAhumadayVillalon.jpg Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón,
Marquess of Amarillas
10 November 17555 February 1760
Int. Royal Greater Coat of Arms of Spain (1700-1761) Version with Golden Fleece and Holy Spirit Collars.svg Francisco Antonio de Echávarri ,
Dean of the Audiencia
5 February 176028 April 1760
43 Francisco Cajigal.jpg Francisco Cajigal de la Vega 28 April 17605 October 1760 Retrato de Carlos III de Espana.jpg
Charles III
44 JoaquindeMontserrat.jpg Joaquín de Montserrat,
Marquess of Cruillas
5 October 176024 August 1766
45 CarlosFranciscodeCroix.jpg Carlos Francisco de Croix,
Marquess of Croix
24 August 176622 September 1771
46 AntonioMariadeBucareliyUrsua.jpg Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa 22 September 17719 April 1779
Int. Royal Greater Coat of Arms of Spain (1700-1761) Version with Golden Fleece and Holy Spirit Collars.svg Francisco Romá y Rosell ,
Regent of the Audiencia
10 April 177922 August 1779
47 MartinMayorga.jpg Martín de Mayorga Ferrer ,
Captain General of Guatemala
23 August 177928 April 1783
48 MatiasdeGalvezyGallardo.jpg Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo ,
Captain General of Guatemala
28 April 178320 October 1784
Int. Royal Greater Coat of Arms of Spain (1700-1761) Version with Golden Fleece and Holy Spirit Collars.svg Vicente de Herrera y Rivero,
Regent of the Audiencia
20 October 178417 June 1785
49 The Viscount of Galveston.jpg Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid,
1st Viscount of Galveston and 1st Count of Gálvez
17 June 178530 November 1786
Int. Royal Greater Coat of Arms of Spain (1700-1761) Version with Golden Fleece and Holy Spirit Collars.svg Eusebio Sánchez Pareja y Beleño
Regent of the Audiencia
30 November 17868 May 1787
50 AlonsoNugnezdeHaroyPeralta.jpg Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta
(Archbishop of Mexico)
8 May 178716 August 1787
51 Manuel Antonio Florez Maldonado.png Manuel Antonio Flórez Maldonado 16 August 178716 October 1789
52 JuanVicentedeGuemesPachecoyPadilla.jpg Juan Vicente de Güemes Pacheco de Padilla y Horcasitas,
2nd Count of Revillagigedo
17 October 178911 July 1794 Josep Vergara, Carles IV Ca. 1789.jpg
Charles IV
53 MigueldelaGruaTalamancayBranciforte.jpg Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca de Carini y Branciforte,
1st Marquess of Branciforte
12 July 179431 May 1798
54 MiguelJosedeAzanza.jpg Miguel José de Azanza Alegría,
1st Duke of Santa Fe
31 May 179830 April 1800
55 Felix Berenguer.jpg Félix Berenguer de Marquina 30 April 18004 January 1803
56 Viceroy Jose de Iturrigaray.jpg José de Iturrigaray 4 January 180316 September 1808
57 Pedro de Garibay.jpg Pedro de Garibay 16 September 180819 July 1809 Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, by Robert Lefevre.jpg
Joseph I
58 FranciscoJavierdeLizanayBeaumont.jpg Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont
(Archbishop of Mexico)
19 July 18098 May 1810 Fernando VII - Vicente Lopez.jpg
Ferdinand VII
59 Royal Greater Coat of Arms of Spain (1761-1868 and 1874-1931) Version with Golden Fleece and Order of Charles III Collars.svg Pedro Catani8 May 181014 September 1810
60 Francisco Xavier Venegas.jpg Francisco Javier Venegas,
1st Marquess of Reunión and of New Spain
14 September 18104 March 1813
61 Virrey Felix Maria Calleja.jpg Félix María Calleja del Rey,
1st Count of Calderón
4 March 181320 September 1816
62 Juan Ruiz de Apodaca portrait.jpg Juan Ruiz de Apodaca,
1st Count of Venadito
20 September 18165 July 1821
63 PedroFranciscoNovella.jpg Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo 15 July 182121 July 1821
64 JuanODonoju.jpg Juan O'Donojú 21 July 182128 September 1821

See also

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