Transcriptions | |
---|---|
Standard Mandarin | |
Hanyu Pinyin | LiúYuán |
Liu Yuan (Chinese :刘源;born 22 February 1951) is a retired general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and a former politician. He served as the last political commissar of the PLA General Logistics Department and prior to that,political commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Science. [1] Before his military career,he served as vice mayor of Zhengzhou and vice governor of Henan. He is the son of Liu Shaoqi,former president of China.
Liu Yuan was born in 1951 in Beijing,the son of Liu Shaoqi,a Chinese Communist Party (CCP) revolutionary and former president of China,and Wang Guangmei,a multilingual interpreter who also worked for the CCP. [1] He graduated from the No. 2 Experimental School in Beijing in 1964,and entered a regiment on the Central Security Bureau to undergo military training during his summer vacation.
In 1966,Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution,and targeted Liu Shaoqi through the euphemistic "Bombard the Headquarters" big-character poster that Mao penned himself and ordered circulated all over the country. Liu Yuan,perhaps not initially realizing the real target of the poster was his own father,answered Mao's call-to-arms to usher in a brave new world by joining a Red Guard regiment at Beijing No. 4 High School. In September 1967,after his father had been forcibly removed from the capital,Liu Yuan and his two sisters escaped the Zhongnanhai compound by themselves but were left homeless. They found temporary shelter at the No. 4 Middle School.
Liu Shaoqi fell into political disgrace and was later killed during the Cultural Revolution. However,he was later rehabilitated after the Cultural Revolution ended. Liu Yuan was therefore allowed to participate in politics again.
In 1985,Liu Yuan became the vice mayor of Zhengzhou,capital of Henan. He was promoted to vice governor of Henan in 1988. Since 1992,he had served in People's Armed Police for years. In 2003,he became a deputy political commissar of the PLA General Logistics Department,and was made lieutenant general. He was appointed as political commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Science in 2005. On 20 July 2009,Liu was promoted to general. [2]
In 2010,Liu wrote the preface to a friend's book titled Changing Our View of Culture and History,which has aroused notice for criticizing recent Party leadership and calls for the rejection of foreign models and a return to a supposed upright military heritage. [1] [3]
Wall Street Journalists believe Liu is politically close to other "princelings",especially Xi Jinping,the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party. [1] Xi Jinping was said to be moving to promote Liu to the Central Military Commission after 'accusations (by Liu) in 2012 paved the way for the corruption charges against' senior military offices General Xu Caihou and lieutenant general Gu Junshan,as part of his plan to tackle corruption. [4] Despite media speculation that he would take on the post of the Central Military Commission's new Discipline Inspection Commission,Liu Yuan retired in December 2015. [5] Regarding his retirement,Liu said,"I will be the last political commissar of the Logistics Department... I will absolutely obey the military reforms [of Xi Jinping]." [5]
In 2016,Liu was named deputy chair of the Financial and Economic Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress. [6]
Liu was a member of the 17th and the 18th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.
The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC),officially the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,is a committee consisting of the top leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Historically it has been composed of five to eleven members,and currently has seven members. Its officially mandated purpose is to conduct policy discussions and make decisions on major issues when the Politburo,a larger decision-making body,is not in session. According to the party's constitution,the General Secretary of the Central Committee must also be a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
The Princelings,also translated as the Party's Crown Princes,are the descendants of prominent and influential senior communist officials in the People's Republic of China. It is an informal,and often derogatory,categorization to signify those believed to be benefiting from nepotism and cronyism,by analogy with crown princes in hereditary monarchies. Many of its members hold high-level political and business positions in the upper echelons of power.
Generations of Chinese leadership is a term historians use to characterize distinct periods of the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and,by extension,successive changes in the ideology of the CCP. Historians have studied various periods in the development of the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) by reference to these "generations".
Liu Mingzhao,courtesy name Bocheng,more commonly known as Liu Bocheng,was a Chinese military commander and a Marshal of the People's Republic of China.
Xi Zhongxun was a Chinese communist revolutionary and a subsequent political official in the People's Republic of China. He is considered to be among the first and second generation of Chinese leadership. The contributions he made to the Chinese communist revolution and the development of the People's Republic,from the founding of Communist guerrilla bases in northwestern China in the 1930s to initiation of economic liberalization in southern China in the 1980s,are numerous and broad. He was known for political moderation and for the setbacks he endured in his career. He was imprisoned and purged several times. His second son,Xi Jinping,is the current President of China and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party.
Chi Haotian,also spelled as Chih Hao-tien,is a retired general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He served as Minister of National Defense from 1993 to 2003.
Liu Yunshan is a retired Chinese politician. He was a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,the top decision-making body of the CCP,between 2012 and 2017;he was broadly tasked with the work of the party's secretariat,overseeing propaganda and ideological indoctrination,as well as party organization,in addition to serving as President of the Central Party School.
Li Desheng was a general in the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He was born in Xin County,Henan,China,an area now known as the "Cradle of Generals" for the large number of senior military officers born in the region. He joined the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army at the age of 14,in 1930,the Communist Youth League in 1931,and the Chinese Communist Party a year later. He attained the rank of major general in 1955,and general in 1988. The patterns of Li's advancement suggest that he was mentored by Chen Xilian,and that he was closely aligned with You Taizhong. Li Desheng served on the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party from 1969–1985,one of the most turbulent periods of the People's Republic. He died in Beijing on 8 May 2011.
The CentralParty School of the Chinese Communist Party,officially the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and commonly known as the Central Party School (中央党校),is the higher education institution which trains Chinese Communist Party (CCP) cadres. It is located in Haidian,Beijing,close to the Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace.
The 8th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1956 to 1969. It was preceded by the 7th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It held 12 plenary sessions in this period of 13 years. It was the longest serving central committee ever held by the Communist Party.
Zhang Zongxun was a general of the People's Liberation Army of China.
Zhang Youxia is a Chinese general in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and currently the first-ranked Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC). He previously served as Head of the CMC Equipment Development Department,and its predecessor,the PLA General Armaments Department,from 2012 to 2017. He is the son of General Zhang Zongxun. He is a veteran of the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War and one of the few serving generals in China with war experience.
Liu Xiaojiang is a retired Chinese admiral who served as Political Commissar of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) from 2008 to 2014. He is the son-in-law of former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Yaobang.
Liu Yongzhi is a general in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China. He served as vice director of the PLA General Political Department.
Liu Shaoqi was a Chinese revolutionary and politician. He was the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1954 to 1959,first-ranking vice chairman of the Chinese Communist Party from 1956 to 1966,and the chairman of the People's Republic of China,the head of state from 1959 to 1968. He was considered to be a possible successor to Mao Zedong,but was purged during the Cultural Revolution.
Gu Junshan is a former lieutenant general in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of China who was sentenced to prison for corruption. He served as the deputy director of the PLA General Logistics Department (GLD) from December 2009 to February 2012. During his tenure he oversaw the consolidation and sale of military real estate assets. Prior to that,he served as the chief of the barracks and housing division of the GLD,in charge of upgrades to the facilities and residences of army personnel.
Ma Faxiang was a Chinese vice admiral who served as Deputy Political Commissar of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). He came under investigation for corruption and died by suicide in November 2014.
The president of China,officially titled the president of the People's Republic of China,is the state representative of the People's Republic of China,which on its own is a ceremonial office and has no real power in China's political system. While the office has many of the characteristics of a head of state,the Chinese constitution does not define it as such. However,since 1993,the post has been held by the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission,who is China's de facto leader.
Liu Juying was a Chinese politician,revolutionary,and general in the People's Liberation Army.
Marshal Peng Dehuai is a 2016 Chinese biographical historical drama television series directed by Song Yeming and written by Ma Jihong,Gao Jun and Xu Jiang,based on the life of Peng Dehuai (1898-1974),a prominent Chinese Communist military leader during the 20th century. The series stars Dong Yong as Peng Dehuai,alongside Yang Tongshu,Tang Guoqiang,Liu Jing,Wang Wufu,and Luo Gang.