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Musique concrète is a type of music composition that utilizes recorded sounds as raw material. Sounds are often modified through the application of audio effects and tape manipulation techniques, and may be assembled into a form of montage. It can feature sounds derived from recordings of musical instruments, the human voice, and the natural environment as well as those created using synthesizers and computer-based digital signal processing. Compositions in this idiom are not restricted to the normal musical rules of melody, harmony, rhythm, metre, and so on. It exploits acousmatic listening, meaning sound identities can often be intentionally obscured or appear unconnected to their source cause.
Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer was a French composer, writer, broadcaster, engineer, musicologist, acoustician and founder of Groupe de Recherche de Musique Concrète. His innovative work in both the sciences—particularly communications and acoustics—and the various arts of music, literature and radio presentation after the end of World War II, as well as his anti-nuclear activism and cultural criticism garnered him widespread recognition in his lifetime.
The Fulcidacini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Chlamisinae. 11 genera with altogether about 400 species are currently placed here; some four-fifths of the species are found in the Neotropics, but the rest is distributed over all other continents except Antarctica.
The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known as Camptosomata.
Altica is a large genus of flea beetles in the subfamily Galerucinae, with about 300 species, distributed nearly worldwide. The genus is best represented in the Neotropical realm, well represented in the Nearctic and Palearctic, but occurs also in the Afrotropic, Indomalaya, and Australasia. The species are similar to each other, small metallic blue-green-bronze beetles, often distinguished from each other only by the aedeagus. The species of Altica, both as larvae and as adults, are phytophagous, feeding on plant foliage of various food plant taxa, specific for each Altica species. Onagraceae and Rosaceae are the dominant host plant families for Holarctic species. The adult Altica beetles are able to jump away when approached.
The Studio d'Essai, later Club d'Essai, was founded in 1942 by Pierre Schaeffer, played a role in the activities of the French resistance during World War II, and later became a center of musical activity.
Lochmaeocles is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
Oncideres is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing more than 120 species in the nearctic and neotropics.
The Temple protestant de l'Oratoire du Louvre, also Église réformée de l'Oratoire du Louvre, is a historic Protestant church located at 145 rue Saint-Honoré – 160 rue de Rivoli in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, across the street from the Louvre. It was founded in 1611 by Pierre de Bérulle as the French branch of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri. It was made the royal chapel of the Louvre Palace by Louis XIII on December 23, 1623, and was host to the funerals of both Louis and Cardinal Richelieu. Work on the church was suspended in 1625 and not resumed until 1740, with the church completed in 1745.
Lochmaeocles alboplagiatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Trinidad and Panama.
Lochmaeocles basalis is a Central American species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Panama and Honduras.
Lochmaeocles consobrinus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946.
Lochmaeocles hondurensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Honduras.
Lochmaeocles laticinctus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Guatemala.
Lochmaeocles obliquatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Brazil.
Lochmaeocles pulcher is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and French Guiana.
Lochmaeocles zonatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1946. It is known from Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and French Guiana.
Ormiscus is a genus of fungus weevils in the family Anthribidae. There are at least 60 described species in Ormiscus.
Charles Frederic August Schaeffer was an American entomologist who specialized in beetles, particularly chrysomelids and weevils. He described 109 species in 91 genera and some species like Taphrocerus schaefferiNicolay & Weiss were described from his collections and named after him.
References
- ↑ BioLib.cz - Lochmaeocles cornuticeps. Retrieved on 8 September 2014.