Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 described species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described insects and 25% of all known animal life-forms; new species are discovered frequently, with estimates suggesting that there are between 0.9 and 2.1 million total species. Found in almost every habitat except the sea and the polar regions, they interact with their ecosystems in several ways: beetles often feed on plants and fungi, break down animal and plant debris, and eat other invertebrates. Some species are serious agricultural pests, such as the Colorado potato beetle, while others such as Coccinellidae eat aphids, scale insects, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects that damage crops.
Cymbopogon, also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, Cochin grass, Malabar grass, oily heads, citronella grass or fever grass, is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family. Some species are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons . The name cymbopogon derives from the Greek words kymbe and pogon "which mean [that] in most species, the hairy spikelets project from boat-shaped spathes." Lemongrass and its oil are believed to possess therapeutic properties.
Tiger beetles are a family of beetles, Cicindelidae, known for their aggressive predatory habits and running speed. The fastest known species of tiger beetle, Rivacindela hudsoni, can run at a speed of 9 km/h, or about 125 body lengths per second. As of 2005, about 2,600 species and subspecies were known, with the richest diversity in the Oriental (Indo-Malayan) region, followed by the Neotropics. While historically treated as a subfamily of ground beetles (Carabidae) under the name Cicindelinae, several studies since 2020 indicated that they should be treated as a family, the Cicindelidae, which are a sister group to Carabidae within the Adephaga.
Ulmus lanceifoliaRoxburgh, ex Wall., occasionally known as the Vietnam elm, is a very large tree endemic to a wide area of southern Asia. Its range extends southeast and eastwards from Darjeeling in the Himalaya, through Bangladesh, southern China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and on discontinuously into Indonesia, straddling the Equator in Sumatra and Celebes.
Dorcus titanus is a beetle of the family Lucanidae. It was described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1835. Huang and Chen (2013) separated Serognathus from Dorcus by representing morphological characters and DNA analysis.
Xylotrupes gideon, the brown rhinoceros beetle, is a species of large scarab beetle belonging to the subfamily Dynastinae.
Cicindela aurulenta, common name blue-spotted or golden-spotted tiger beetle, is a beetle of the family Carabidae.
Neocollyris crassicornis is a species of tiger beetles in the genus Neocollyris in the family Carabidae. It was described by Dejean in 1825.
Pyrrhalta is a genus of beetles in the leaf beetle family, Chrysomelidae. Species are distributed throughout much of the world, including much of the Northern Hemisphere and the Australian region.
Agestrata orichalca is a species of beetles of the family Scarabaeidae.
Lophyra flexuosa is a species of tiger beetle in the genus Lophyra. It is a species capable of flying, like most Lophyra species.
Autocrates is a genus of beetles in the Trictenotomidae family with five species across the Indomalayan realm. They are sexually dimorphic with males having longer and more sinuate mandibles.
Cylindera dromicoides is a species of ground beetle of the subfamily Cicindelinae. It is flightless and has been found mainly along the Himalayas from India through Nepal and Bhutan and in the Chinese province of Yunnan.
Dicranopselaphus is a genus of water-penny beetles in the family Psephenidae. There are over 40 described species in Dicranopselaphus, distributed in Asia and North America.
Shinsaku Kimoto was a Japanese entomologist specialising in the Leaf beetle family (Chrysomelidae).
Parascela is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in Asia. The genus is placed close to Basilepta. According to Romantsov and Moseyko (2019), however, the differences between Parascela and Basilepta are unclear, and Parascela can probably even be considered a species group within Basilepta.
Cosmodela duponti is a species of tiger beetle with wide distribution range in South and Southeast Asia. They are found mainly in forested habitats.
Calochroa is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Carabidae. Some authors treat them within the broader genus Cicindela. The genus as used in 2020 shows polyphyly with Calochroa species forming two clades with one clade being a sister to the genus Lophyra and another being a sister to the genus Hipparidium.
Parheminodes is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in the Oriental realm. In 2021, nearly all species of Chrysochus from the tropics were transferred to this genus.
Chaetodera regalis, common name the royal tiger beetle, is a species of tiger beetle found in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in the south-east.It is found in riverine habitats.
