Luremo

Last updated
Luremo
commune
Angola location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Luremo
Location in Angola
Coordinates: 8°30′57″S17°49′45″E / 8.51583°S 17.82917°E / -8.51583; 17.82917
CountryFlag of Angola.svg  Angola
Province Lunda Norte
Area
 • Total4,404 km2 (1,700 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)
 • Total22,587
Time zone UTC+1 (WAT)

Luremo is a town and commune of Angola, located in the municipality of Cuango in the province of Lunda Norte. [1] It lies along the eastern segment of Estrada Nacional 225 north of the town of Cafunfo, which terminates at Muginga. To the north, it shares a border with Kwango Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [2] [3]

Contents

History

Luremo's history can be traced back to 1899, when it was a Portuguese military fort and mission in the then-province of Lunda. [4] In 1900, the first missionaries sent by the Portuguese government arrived in the village of Musuku and built a chapel and missionary residence, and then five years later, opened a boarding school for boys. Other chapels and missionary residences were built afterwards. [5] Lunda was split into Lunda Norte and Lunda Sul by the revolutionary government in 1978. [6] Luremo has since grown to a town with an estimated population of around 30,000 people living in the commune by 2023. [4]

In 2003-2006, the Angolan government enacted Operation Brilliant, an action to combat illegal diamond mining and smuggling by rebel groups and undocumented Congolese miners, in which hundreds of thousands of people were deported to the DRC. These people were driven to Luremo in cramped military trucks, searched, often in invasive and degrading ways, and then forced to walk, without access to food, water, or sanitation, the last 65 kilometers to the Congolese border. [7]

In April 2024, the Mission of the Sacred Heart of Jesus of Musuku was one of six sites proposed by the Provincial Government of Lunda-Norte to the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and the Environment to be declared a National Heritage. [5] [8]

Economy

Diamond mining

Luremo contains deposits of diamonds and is highly reliant on alluvial diamond mining for its economy, [4] with mines such as Luminas employing hundreds of people. [9] These mines have received allegations of human rights abuses perpetrated both by police and by private security companies, with reports of detainment without cause, confiscation of property for ransom, harsh and unhygienic working conditions, murder, and rape. [10] [11]

Agriculture

Luremo also has fertile land and an agricultural sector, which produces a wide variety of foods, including vegetables, beans, corn, cassava, and sweet potato, however farming is done by hand rather than in a modern, mechanized fashion due to lack of tools, and much of this capacity is currently devoted to subsistence agriculture. In 2023, interim administrator José Muheto told Jornal de Angola his belief that Luremo could provide food for nearby communities such as Cuango, Xá-Muteba and Capenda-Camulemba if this agricultural sector could be better supported. [4]

Infrastructure and trade

There is a lack of economic diversification and commercial activity in town. Exacerbated by a lack of infrastructure, this often forces residents to travel 35 kilometers down EN-225, a dirt road, to Cafunfo to obtain goods and supplies. There is no bank in Luremo as of 2023. A public drinking water system is still under construction. [4]

The Kwango River flows through the West side of Luremo, and Muheto stated hopes that it can be utilized to facilitate cross-border trade with communities in the DRC. [4]

Luremo is serviced by an airstrip. In 1996, an Antonov AN-32B belonging to the Ukraine Air Alliance overran the runway while talking off, causing damage that caused it to be written off but with no casualties. [12]

Luremo is among the towns designated by the Minister of Energy and Water, João Baptista Borges, to host one of fifteen solar power facilities as part of the Rural Electrification initiative in Lunda Norte, which aims to generate 256 megawatts of solar power across the province by 2027. [13]

Demographics

Religion

The vast majority of the population are Christian, with over half the population (52.9%) reporting as Protestant in 2014 and 31.8% as Catholic. 14% reported affiliation with no religion. [2]

Education

In the 2014 census, only half the adult population of Luremo was literate [2] , owing to a lack of teachers in the town. In 2023, there were as few as only ten teachers in the Luremo school network, which goes up to ninth grade. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

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The culture of Angola is influenced by the Portuguese. Portugal occupied the coastal enclave Luanda, and later also Benguela, since the 16th/17th centuries, and expanded into the territory of what is now Angola in the 19th/20th centuries, ruling it until 1975. Both countries share prevailing cultural aspects: the Portuguese language and Roman Catholicism. However, present-day Angolan culture is mostly native Bantu, which was mixed with Portuguese culture. The diverse ethnic communities with their own cultural traits, traditions and native languages or dialects include the Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo, Chokwe, Avambo and other peoples.

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References

  1. ↑ "Census 2014". Official Portal of the 2014 INE Angola Census. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 "Luremo (Commune, Angola) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  3. ↑ "Luremo". google maps. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sapalo, Armando. "Luremo quer contar com mais investidores do sector não diamantífero". Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  5. 1 2 grxnet.com. "Jornal de Angola - Notícias - Monumentos e sítios marcam a herança histórica e sociocultural da Lunda-Norte". Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  6. ↑ James, W. Martin; Broadhead, Susan H. (2004). Historical dictionary of Angola. Historical dictionaries of Africa (New ed.). Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. ISBN   978-0-8108-4940-2.
  7. ↑ "Inhumane Treatment of Diamond Miners in Angola Continues". Doctors Without Borders - USA. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  8. ↑ grxnet.com. "Jornal de Angola - Notícias - Lunda-Norte propõe cinco novos locais a Património". Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  9. ↑ "Participações". Endiama (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  10. ↑ "גלובס עיתון העסקים של ישראל – "היכו אותי עד שהתעלפתי. כששבתי להכרה היה חושך. למחרת זחלתי חזרה". עדויות מהמכרה בו שותף לבייב". web.archive.org. 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  11. ↑ "[PDF] full report: "Lundas - The Stones of Death, Angola's deadly diamonds: Human Rights Abuses in the Lunda Provinces, 2004"". Business & Human Rights Resource Centre. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  12. ↑ "Runway excursion Accident Antonov An-32B UR-48008,". mail.aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
  13. ↑ grxnet.com. "Jornal de Angola - Notícias - Planos do sector da Energia prevêem 15 parques solares". Jornal de Angola (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-07-24.

8°31′S17°50′E / 8.517°S 17.833°E / -8.517; 17.833

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