MAL2 (gene)

MAL2
Identifiers
Aliases	MAL2 , mal, T-cell differentiation protein 2 (gene/pseudogene), mal, T cell differentiation protein 2 (gene/pseudogene), mal, T cell differentiation protein 2
External IDs	OMIM: 609684 MGI: 2146021 HomoloGene: 14167 GeneCards: MAL2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)
End	119,245,673 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (mouse)
End	54,466,243 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	cavity of mouth; ; amniotic fluid; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; human penis; ; gums; ; vulva; ; bronchial epithelial cell; ; renal medulla; ; rectum; ; islet of Langerhans;
	Top expressed in
	subiculum; ; right lung lobe; ; Epithelium of stomach; ; Region I of hippocampus proper; ; primary motor cortex; ; mucous cell of stomach; ; cingulate gyrus; ; conjunctival fornix; ; prefrontal cortex; ; left colon;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding ; structural constituent of myelin sheath ;
Cellular component	cytoplasm ; perinuclear region of cytoplasm ; plasma membrane ; extracellular exosome ; apical plasma membrane ; membrane ; endomembrane system ; membrane raft ; integral component of membrane ; integral component of synaptic vesicle membrane ; hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse ; glutamatergic synapse ;
Biological process	transcytosis ; membrane raft polarization ; protein localization ; myelination ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	114569
	105853
	ENSG00000147676
	ENSMUSG00000024479
	Q969L2
	Q8BI08
	NM_052886
	NM_178920
	NP_443118 ; NP_443118.1
	NP_849251
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated October 14, 2022

Protein MAL2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAL2 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a multispan transmembrane protein belonging to the MAL proteolipid family. The protein is a component of lipid rafts and, in polarized cells, it primarily localizes to endosomal structures beneath the apical membrane. It is required for transcytosis, an intracellular transport pathway used to deliver membrane-bound proteins and exogenous cargos from the basolateral to the apical surface.^[6]

Interactions

MAL2 (gene) has been shown to interact with TPD52.^[5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alanine aminopeptidase</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene.

Aquaporin 3 (AQP-3) is the protein product of the human AQP3 gene. It is found in the basolateral cell membrane of principal collecting duct cells and provides a pathway for water to exit these cells. Aquaporin-3 is also permeable to glycerol, ammonia, urea, and hydrogen peroxide. It is expressed in various tissues including the skin, respiratory tract, and kidneys as well as various types of cancers. In the kidney, aquaproin-3 is unresponsive to the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin, unlike aquaporin-2. This protein is also a determinant for the GIL blood group system.

Proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) is a form of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP). Mutations in PLP1 are associated with Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease. It is a 4 transmembrane domain protein which is proposed to bind other copies of itself on the extracellular side of the membrane. In a myelin sheath, as the layers of myelin wraps come together, PLP will bind itself and tightly hold the cellular membranes together.

Neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein also known as close homolog of L1 (CHL1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHL1 gene.

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the PIGR gene. It is an Fc receptor which facilitates the transcytosis of the soluble polymeric isoforms of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M (pIg) and immune complexes. pIgRs are mainly located on the epithelial lining of mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract. The composition of the receptor is complex, including 6 immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular domain. pIgR expression is under the strong regulation of cytokines, hormones, and pathogenic stimuli.

Anion exchange protein 2 (AE2) is a membrane transport protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC4A2 gene. AE2 is functionally similar to the Band 3 Cl⁻/HCO3⁻ exchange protein.

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) also known as high mobility group protein 1-like 2 (HMG-1L2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HDGF gene.

Tumor protein D52 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TPD52 gene.

Myelin and lymphocyte protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAL gene.

MKL/megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKL1 gene.

40S ribosomal protein S30 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAU gene.

Hyaluronan synthase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HAS3 gene.

Tumor protein D54 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TPD52L2 gene.

Unconventional myosin-Ia is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO1A gene.

Tumor protein D52 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TPD52L1 gene.

Ras-related protein Rab-21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB21 gene.

Myosin-Vb, a myosin V type protein, is encoded by the MYO5B gene in humans.

MAL-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MALL gene.

Caveolin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAV2 gene.

Neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6-a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPM6A gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147676 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024479 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1 2 Wilson SH, Bailey AM, Nourse CR, Mattei MG, Byrne JA (Sep 2001). "Identification of MAL2, a novel member of the mal proteolipid family, though interactions with TPD52-like proteins in the yeast two-hybrid system". Genomics. 76 (1–3): 81–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6610. PMID 11549320.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: MAL2 mal, T-cell differentiation protein 2".

Marazuela M, Alonso MA (2004). "Expression of MAL and MAL2, two elements of the protein machinery for raft-mediated transport, in normal and neoplastic human tissue". Histol. Histopathol. 19 (3): 925–33. PMID 15168355.
Rohan S, Tu JJ, Kao J, et al. (2007). "Gene expression profiling separates chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from oncocytoma and identifies vesicular transport and cell junction proteins as differentially expressed genes". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (23): 6937–45. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1268 . PMID 17145811.
Barbaric D, Byth K, Dalla-Pozza L, Byrne JA (2007). "Expression of tumor protein D52-like genes in childhood leukemia at diagnosis: clinical and sample considerations". Leuk. Res. 30 (11): 1355–63. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2006.03.009. PMID 16620967.
de Marco MC, Puertollano R, Martínez-Menárguez JA, Alonso MA (2006). "Dynamics of MAL2 during glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein transcytotic transport to the apical surface of hepatoma HepG2 cells". Traffic. 7 (1): 61–73. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00361.x . PMID 16445687. S2CID 44752098.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334.
Llorente A, de Marco MC, Alonso MA (2005). "Caveolin-1 and MAL are located on prostasomes secreted by the prostate cancer PC-3 cell line". J. Cell Sci. 117 (Pt 22): 5343–51. doi: 10.1242/jcs.01420 . PMID 15466889.
Marazuela M, Acevedo A, García-López MA, et al. (2004). "Expression of MAL2, an integral protein component of the machinery for basolateral-to-apical transcytosis, in human epithelia". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 52 (2): 243–52. doi: 10.1177/002215540405200212 . PMID 14729876.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
Marazuela M, Martín-Belmonte F, García-López MA, et al. (2004). "Expression and distribution of MAL2, an essential element of the machinery for basolateral-to-apical transcytosis, in human thyroid epithelial cells". Endocrinology. 145 (2): 1011–6. doi: 10.1210/en.2003-0652 . PMID 14576188.
Boutros R, Bailey AM, Wilson SH, Byrne JA (2003). "Alternative splicing as a mechanism for regulating 14-3-3 binding: interactions between hD53 (TPD52L1) and 14-3-3 proteins". J. Mol. Biol. 332 (3): 675–87. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00944-6. PMID 12963375.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932.
de Marco MC, Martín-Belmonte F, Kremer L, et al. (2002). "MAL2, a novel raft protein of the MAL family, is an essential component of the machinery for transcytosis in hepatoma HepG2 cells". J. Cell Biol. 159 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1083/jcb.200206033. PMC 2173496 . PMID 12370246.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147676 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024479 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid11549320-5] 1 2 Wilson SH, Bailey AM, Nourse CR, Mattei MG, Byrne JA (Sep 2001). "Identification of MAL2, a novel member of the mal proteolipid family, though interactions with TPD52-like proteins in the yeast two-hybrid system". Genomics. 76 (1–3): 81–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6610. PMID 11549320.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: MAL2 mal, T-cell differentiation protein 2".

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MAL2 (gene)

Contents

Interactions

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading