Maatkare(Mutemhat) was an ancient Egyptian high priestess, a God's Wife of Amun during the 21st Dynasty. [1]
| Maatkare Mutemhat | |
|---|---|
| God's Wife of Amun | |
 Maatkare Mutemhat depicted in her Book of the Dead | |
| Died | Thebes? |
| Burial | |
| Dynasty | 21st dynasty of Egypt |
| Father | Pinedjem II |
| Mother | Duathathor-Henuttawy |
| Religion | Ancient Egyptian religion |
| ||||||
| Maatkare in hieroglyphs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era: 3rd Intermediate Period (1069–664 BC) | ||||||
She was the daughter of High Priest of Amun Pinedjem I, who was the de facto ruler of Southern Egypt from 1070 BCE onwards, then proclaimed himself pharaoh in 1054 BCE. Her mother was Duathathor-Henuttawy, a daughter of Ramesses XI, last ruler of the 20th dynasty. Maatkare received the title of 'Divine Adoratrice': God's Wife of Amun [2] during her father's reign; she was the first God's Wife to take on a praenomen which used to be the prerogative of pharaohs. Her siblings held important positions too: a brother of hers became pharaoh, a sister became queen, and three brothers held the title High Priest of Amun in succession. [1] She was followed as God's Wife by her niece Henuttawy D, daughter of her brother, High Priest Menkheperre.
Several of her depictions are known: she was depicted as a young girl in the Luxor temple, along with her sisters Henuttawy B and Mutnedjmet, also, as high priestess on the facade of the Temple of Khonsu at Karnak, and on a statue which is now in Marseille. [1]
Her original burial place is unknown; her mummy was found in the DB320 cache along with her coffins, shawabtis and other mummies from her immediate family. A small mummy, originally thought to be a child of hers was later revealed to be that of a pet monkey. (God's Wives were supposed to be celibate.) [1] [3]
Hatshepsut was the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II and the fifth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, ruling first as regent, then as queen regnant from c. 1479 BC until c. 1458 BC. She was Egypt's second certain queen regnant, the first being Sobekneferu/Nefrusobek in the Twelfth Dynasty.
Mut, also known as Maut and Mout, was a mother goddess worshipped in ancient Egypt. Her name means mother in the ancient Egyptian language. Mut had many different aspects and attributes that changed and evolved greatly over the thousands of years of ancient Egyptian culture.
Pinedjem I was the High Priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt from 1070 to 1032 BC and the de facto ruler of the south of the country from 1054 BC. He was the son of the High Priest Piankh. However, many Egyptologists today believe that the succession in the Amun priesthood actually ran from Piankh to Herihor to Pinedjem I.
Menkheperre, son of Pinedjem I by wife Duathathor-Henuttawy, was the High Priest of Amun at Thebes in ancient Egypt from 1045 BC to 992 BC and de facto ruler of the south of the country.
The Divine Adoratrice of Amun was a second title – after God's Wife of Amun – created for the chief priestess of the ancient Egyptian deity Amun. During the first millennium BCE, when the holder of this office exercised her largest measure of influence, her position was an important appointment facilitating the transfer of power from one pharaoh to the next, when his daughter was adopted to fill it by the incumbent office holder. The Divine Adoratrice ruled over the extensive temple duties and domains, controlling a significant part of the ancient Egyptian economy.
God's Wife of Amun was the highest-ranking priestess of the Amun cult, an important religious institution in ancient Egypt. The cult was centered in Thebes in Upper Egypt during the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth dynasties. The office had political importance as well as religious, since the two were closely related in ancient Egypt.
Amenirdis I was a God's Wife of Amun during the 25th Dynasty of ancient Egypt. Originating from the Kingdom of Kush, she was the daughter of Pharaoh Kashta and Queen Pebatjma, and was later adopted by Shepenupet I. She went on to rule as high priestess, and has been shown in several artifacts from the period.
Maatkare is a name shared by several royal women from Ancient Egypt:
Great Royal Wife, or alternatively, Chief King's Wife, is the title that was used to refer to the principal wife of the pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, who served many official functions.
Ahmose-Meritamun was a Queen of Egypt during the early Eighteenth Dynasty. She was both the older sister and the wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep I. She died fairly young and was buried in tomb TT358 in Deir el-Bahari.
Masaharta or Masaherta was the High Priest of Amun at Thebes between 1054 and 1045 BC.
Pinedjem II was a High Priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt from 990 BC to 969 BC and was the de facto ruler of the south of the country. He was married to his full sister Isetemkheb D (both children of Menkheperre, the High Priest of Amun at Thebes, by Isetemkheb III, hence both nephew, niece and grandchildren of Psusennes I and also to his niece Nesikhons, the daughter of his brother Smendes II. He succeeded Smendes II, who had a short rule.
The High Priest of Amun or First Prophet of Amun was the highest-ranking priest in the priesthood of the ancient Egyptian god Amun. The first high priests of Amun appear in the New Kingdom of Egypt, at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Duathathor-Henuttawy, Henuttawy or Henttawy("Adorer of Hathor; Mistress of the Two Lands") was an ancient Egyptian princess and later queen.
Henuttawy B(“Lady of the Two Lands”) was an ancient Egyptian princess of the 21st Dynasty. Her father was Pinedjem I, High Priest of Amun and de facto ruler of Southern Egypt, her mother was Duathathor-Henuttawy, a daughter of Ramesses XI. She is depicted in the Luxor temple with her father and two sisters, Maatkare and Mutnedjmet. She was a Singer of Amun and Flautist of Mut.
Henuttawy D was an ancient Egyptian high priestess, a God's Wife of Amun, during the 21st Dynasty.
Mutnedjmet was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 21st Dynasty. She was the Great Royal Wife of her brother, Psusennes I.
Karomama Meritmut was an ancient Egyptian high priestess, a God's Wife of Amun during the 22nd Dynasty.
Isetemkheb D was the sister-wife of the Theban High Priest of Amun Pinedjem II during the Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt.
Henuttawy or Henettawy, was an ancient Egyptian princess and priestess during the 21st Dynasty.
