Maglekilde is the most powerful of several natural springs in Roskilde, Denmark. It formerly issued water at a rate of some 90,000 litres per hour but has now dropped to 15,000 litres per hour. A wellhouse was built over the spring in 1927. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1979.
Extensive deposits of travertine from Maglekilde were mined and used as a building material before bricks became readily available. Several churches in the Roskilde area were built in travertine from the spring in the 11th and 12th centuries. [1] This activity resulted in the formation of a pond which was used as a mill pond. The watermill at the site was called Maglekilde Watermill (Maglekilde Mølle). The water from the spring also powered five other watermills on its way to Roskilde Fjord: Vandhulsmølle, Sankt Mortens Mølle, Kapelsmøllen, Sankt Clara Mølle and Strandmøllen. [2] Maglekilde Watermill is first mentioned by name in 1258 but it most likely included in the prebend of one of the canons at the cathedral chapter in 1253. [3]
On 8 April 1731, Maglekilde Watermill was the first of the buildings which were destroyed in the series of devastating fires that hit Roskilde in 1731. [4] A new paper mill was built on the site in 1737 [5] and it was joined by a textile mill in 1761.
The complex was in 1810 acquired by five Jewish industrialists from Copenhagen. They introduced a number of new initiatives, including the construction of workers' housing and the import of skilled stockings weavers from Magdeburg. The father of O.H.Schmeltz, who would become known for his many large donations to the city of Roskilde, was employed as a master weaver at Maglekilde Textile Mill in 1811.
In 1820, Maglekilde Paper Mill installed the fourth steam engine in the country. [6] In spite of the introduction of new technology, Maglekilde Paper Mill was unable to compete with the larger paper mill Strandmøllen on Mølleåen and in 1838 the factory went bankrupt. [7]
The disused industrial complex was acquired by a group of citizens from Roskilde in 1846. They demolished the buildings, filled the mill pond and built a combined spa and mineral water factory on the site. The complex was designed by the architect Hans Conrad Stilling. The water was directed through a closed ditch to a grotto on Maglekildevej where it sprang from the mouth of a Neptune figure. A small wellhouse was built over the spring in 1927. The spa building was used for other purposes prior to its demolition in 1972.
Never gaining popularity, Maglekilde Spa (Maglekilde Vandkuranstalt) attracted only few guests and closed after just two years in 1851. The complex was in 1851 acquired by Constant Dirckink-Holmfeld, a German-born civil servant and political writer, who had fallen out of favour in Copenhagen for his criticism of the March Revolution and new constitution. He lived in part of the complex while the rest was still used by the mineral water factory or rented out to private tenants. He moved to Hamburg in the early 1750s.
Maglekilde Machine Factory opened at the site in 1865.
The wellhouse is a small timber structure with a red tile roof. It is today located on a parking lot. The wellhouse was listed in 1979. [8]
Roskilde is a city 30 km (19 mi) west of Copenhagen on the Danish island of Zealand. With a population of 51,916, the city is a business and educational centre for the region and the 10th largest city in Denmark. It is governed by the administrative council of Roskilde Municipality.
Hellebæk is a town located on the coast five kilometres northwest of Helsingør, North Zealand, some 40 kilometres north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It has merged with the neighbouring community of Ålsgårde to form an urban area with a population of 5,790.
Events from the year 1731 in Denmark.
Raadvad, or Rådvad is a former industrial development located on both sides of the Mølleåen river which at this point marks the border between Lyngby-Taarbæk and Rudersdal municipalities in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was built around a watermill in the second half of the 18th century and has given name to a well-known Danish brand of knives and other kitchen equipment. The buildings are now all heritage listed. They include Raadvad Kro from 1861 and a hostel based in a former school from 1894. Other buildings include a centre for building conservation and a local nature school.
Roskilde Museum is a local history museum based in Roskilde, Denmark. The museum, which is run by the municipalities of Roskilde, Frederikssund and Lejre, has eight separate branches. The main branch in Roskilde, on the corner of Sankt Olsgade and Sankt Olsstræde, is based in two listed buildings, the Sugar House and the Liebe House, a former sugar refinery and a former merchant's house respectively.
Mølleåen, also Mølleå, sometimes translated as the Millstream, is a small river in North Zealand, Denmark, which runs 36 kilometres (22 mi) from the west of Bastrup Sø near Lynge to the Øresund between Taarbæk and Skodsborg. The valley contains several country houses and a series of mills which initiated Denmark's industrial development.
Strandmøllen (Danish may refer to:
Roskilde Cathedral School is a historic high school in Roskilde, Denmark. It was established around 1020 with close connections to Roskilde Cathedral. The school has since 1969 been located on Holbækvej in the western part of the city while its old main building next to the cathedral now houses Roskilde Gymnasium, another high school.
Fuglevad is a neighbourhood and locality on the Mølleåen river in Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Fuglevad Watermill, located approximately one kilometer downstream from Lyndby Nordre Mølle, has a history that dates back to the 15th century but the current buildings are from the 1870s. Fuglevad Windmill, a smock mill from 1832, is now located inside the grounds of the Frilandsmuseet open-air museu which opened at the site in 1901. Fuglevad Station is located on the Nærum Line and is served by the railway company Lokaltog.
Ørholm is a neighbourhood and locality on the Mølleåen river in Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen9, Denmark. Ørholm Watermill has a history that dates back to at least the 15th century but the current industrial buildings were constructed after fires in 1886 and 1913. Ørholm House, a residence dating from the mid-18th century, is privately owned and heritage listed. Ørholm Station is located on the Nærum Railway and is served by the railway company Lokaltog.
Ramløse is a town and parish located on the northeast shore of Lake Arresø in Gribskov Municipality, North Zealand, some 50 km north of Copenhagen, Denmark. Local landmarks include Ramløse Church and Ramløse Windmill.
Usserød Å, the principal drainage of Sjælsø Lake. is a stream in North Zealand to the north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is approximately 9 kilometres long, drops 18 metres and is joined by Donse Å before itself flowing into Nive Å on its way to the Øresund at Nivå. It passes through the protected Usserød Ådal and the town of Hørsholm. Several watermills and early industrial sites are located along its course, the largest being Usserød Textile Mill.
Vodroffsvej is a street in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It follows the western shore of St. Jørgen's Lake, linking Gammel Kongevej in the south with Rosenørns Allé in the north. The embankment and lakeside path on the east side of the street is called Svineryggen.
Grejs River is an approximately 22-kilometre-long (14 mi) river in Vejle Municipality in Denmark. Its source is Fårup Lake, south of the village of Jelling. It starts by heading east through a tunnel valley, then turns south to run through Grejs Valley, the largest gorge in Denmark, until it reaches the city of Vejle. North of Vejle, it splits into two branches, Omløbsåen and Mølleåen. Omløbsåen runs west around the city centre to meet Vejle River, while Mølleåen flows through the city and empties into Vejle River just south of the city centre.
Lyngby Søndre Mølle, literally Lyngby Southern Mill, is a defunct watermill on Mølleåen located at Lyngby Hovedgade, Kongens Lyngby, in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. The current building is from 1902. The name distinguishes it from nearby Lyngby Nordre Mølle.
Tadre Watermill is a watermill on Taderød Bæk, a tributary of Elverdams Å, in Lejre Municipality, between Roskilde and Tølløse, some 30 kilometres west of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is now operated as a museum and nature centre under Roskilde Museum. It used to belong to Aastrup Manor.
Hule Mill Farm is a watermill situated a few kilometres to the southwest of Ledreborg, in Lejre Municipality, some 30 kilometres west of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was powered by a tributary of Kornerup Å. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1986.
The L. A. Ring HouseL. A. Rings Villa, located at Havnevej 25, is the former home of painter L. A. Ring and his wife Sigrid Ring, née Kähler in the Sankt Jørgensbjerg district of Roskilde, Denmark. The house is located on a sloping site overlooking St. Jørgensbjerg Village, Roskilde Harbour, and Roskilde Cathedral. It was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 2001.
Maglekilde Machine Factory was a machine factory founded in 1865 in Roskilde, Denmark. A continuous cream-milk separator marketed by the company in 1878 played a key role in the growth of the Danish dairy industry and increased export of butter in the late 19th century.
Jens Lind was a Danish sea captain, ship-owner, merchant, slave trader, landowner and industrialist. He was from the late 1780s until 1806 active in the Triangle Trade and was as such responsible for the shipment of somewhere between 1,800 and 2,000 slaves from Guinea to the Danish West Indies, approximately half of them illegally after the abolition of the slave trade in 1803. He was from around 1800 also involved in a substantial number of industrial enterprises, including a brewery at Vandkunsten 8 in Copenhagen and a paper mill, oil mill and soap factory on the Hulemose estate at Vordingborg.
