Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790. Two species are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar. All the other species are found in East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific.
Phloroglucinol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3. It is a colorless solid. It is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and explosives. Phloroglucinol is one of three isomeric benzenetriols. The other two isomers are hydroxyquinol (1,2,4-benzenetriol) and pyrogallol (1,2,3-benzenetriol). Phloroglucinol, and its benzenetriol isomers, are still defined as "phenols" according to the IUPAC official nomenclature rules of chemical compounds. Many such monophenolics are often termed "polyphenols" by the cosmetic and parapharmaceutical industries, but they cannot be by any scientifically-accepted definition.
Claoxylon is a flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, comprising dioecious subshrubs to small trees. It was first described as a genus in 1824. The genus is distributed in paleotropical areas: Madagascar through South and Southeast Asia, Malesia to Melanesia, Hawaiʻi, and Australia. Half of the species are in Malesia. According to a molecular phylogenetic study by Wurdack, Hoffmann & Chase (2005), Claoxylon is sister to Erythrococca, and together they form the top of a Hennigian comb-like phylogeny.
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus is a bacterial species of the genus Acinetobacter. It is a nonmotile, gram negative coccobacillus. It grows under aerobic conditions, is catalase positive and oxidase negative. It is part of the normal human intestinal flora. Together with A. baumannii, it is referred to as the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex, which is relatively simple to identify based on the beforementioned phenotypic characteristics. To identify other Acinetobacter species genotyping is required.
Sorbitol dehydrogenase is a cytosolic enzyme. In humans this protein is encoded by the SORD gene.
Salanoia is a genus of euplerid carnivoran with two currently described species found in Madagascar. They are mongoose-like, which is reflected in the older versions of their English names, for example brown-tailed mongoose which is now called brown-tailed vontsira. The name Salanoia is derived from one of the vernacular names for Salanoia concolor: Salano.
Funtumia elastica is a medium-sized African rubber tree with glossy leaves, milky sap, and long woody seedpods. The bark is used in the traditional medicine of tropical Africa. It is economically important in West African countries such as Ghana, where it is commonly known as the ofruntum.
Conessine is a steroid alkaloid found in a number of plant species from the family Apocynaceae, including Holarrhena floribunda, Holarrhena antidysenterica and Funtumia elastica. It acts as a histamine antagonist, selective for the H3 subtype (with an affinity of pKi = 8.27; Ki = ~5 nM). It was also found to have long CNS clearance times, high blood-brain barrier penetration and high affinity for the adrenergic receptors.
Sphaeranthus is a genus of Asian, African, and Australian plants in the stinkwort tribe within the daisy family.
The Central Highlands, Central High Plateau, or Hauts-Plateaux are a mountainous biogeographical region in central Madagascar. They include the contiguous part of the island's interior above 800 m (2,600 ft) altitude. The Central Highlands are separated from the Northern Highlands of the northern tip of Madagascar by a low-lying valley, the Mandritsara Window, which has apparently acted as a barrier to dispersal for species in the highlands, leading to species pairs such as Voalavo gymnocaudus and Voalavo antsahabensis in the Northern and Central Highlands. Species restricted to the Central Highlands include the bats Miniopterus manavi and Miniopterus sororculus; the rodents Brachyuromys betsileoensis aand Voalavo antsahabensis; the tenrecs Hemicentetes nigriceps and Oryzorictes tetradactylus; and the lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei. Because of the continuous habitat of the Central Highlands, there is little local endemism, unlike the Northern Highlands.
Small nucleolar RNA sR8 is a non-coding RNA belonging to the C/D box class of snoRNAs. sR8, along with other C/D box snoRNAs, performs 2′-O-methylation of ribose on a target strand of ribosomal RNA. Targeting is achieved through the C and D box components, which are short sections of conserved sequences, as well as C'/D' boxes. These sequences base-pair with nucleotides in the target rRNA to direct their methylation.
Tergallic acids are trimers of gallic acid, often found naturally in the form of glycosides. Tergallic acid O- or C-glucosides that can be found in acorns of several Quercus (oak) species. The dehydrated tergallic acid C-glucoside and tergallic acid O-glucoside can be characterised in the acorns of Quercus macrocarpa. Dehydrated tergallic-C-glucoside can be found in the cork from Quercus suber.
Muscarinic toxin 7 (MT7) is one member of a family of small peptides of 65 amino acid residues derived from the venom of African mamba snakes, which mainly target M1-subtype of muscarinic receptor. Muscarinic toxins like the nicotinic toxins have the three-finger fold structure, characteristic of the large superfamily of toxins that act at cholinergic synapses.
Mallotus japonicus, known as East Asian mallotus, the food wrapper plant or Akamegashiwa in Japanese, is a plant species in the genus Mallotus native to China. It is also found in Japan and Korea.
Nonahydroxytriphenic acid is a moiety found in some ellagitannins such as roburin A, B,C and D, castalagin or grandinin.
Madagascar competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.
Filicin is a chemical compound that has been isolated from ferns of the genus Dryopteris. It has been isoloated from the male fern. Filicin has been studied for its anthelmintic activity.
