Proportional representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems in which divisions in an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. If n% of the electorate support a particular political party or set of candidates as their favorite, then roughly n% of seats will be won by that party or those candidates. The essence of such systems is that all votes contribute to the result—not just a plurality, or a bare majority. The most prevalent forms of proportional representation all require the use of multiple-member voting districts, as it is not possible to fill a single seat in a proportional manner. In fact, PR systems that achieve the highest levels of proportionality tend to include districts with large numbers of seats.
Congress of the Philippines is the national legislature of the Philippines. It is a bicameral body consisting of the Senate, and the House of Representatives, although colloquially, the term "Congress" commonly refers to just the latter.
An electoral district, also known as an election district, legislative district, voting district, constituency, riding, ward, division, (election) precinct, electoral area, circumscription, or electorate, is an administrative subdivision of a larger state created to provide its population with representation in the larger state's legislative body. That body, in turn, determines each districts' boundaries and whether each will be represented by a single member or multiple members. Generally, only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. District representatives may be elected via a first-past-the-post system, a proportional representative system, or another voting method. They may be selected via a direct election under universal suffrage, an indirect election, or another form of suffrage.
An electoral district in Canada, also known as a "constituency" or a "riding", is a geographical constituency upon which Canada's representative democracy is based. It is officially known in Canadian French as a circonscription, but frequently called a comté (county).
There are eleven types of elections in Taiwan which, since 2012, have been unified into general and local elections, each held every four years, typically in January and November respectively. There may also be by-elections. Electoral systems include first-past-the-post, proportional representation, single non-transferable voting, and a parallel mixture of the above.
The Japanese political process has three types of elections: general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years, elections to the House of Councillors held every three years to choose half of its members, and local elections held every four years for offices in prefectures and municipalities. Elections are supervised by Election Administration Commissions at each administrative level under the general direction of the Central Election Management Council, an extraordinary organ attached to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC). The minimum voting age in Japan's non-compulsory electoral system was reduced from twenty to eighteen years in June 2016. Voters must satisfy a three-month residency requirement before being allowed to cast a ballot.
Margibi is a county on the north to central coast of Liberia. One of 15 counties that constitute the first-level of administrative division in the nation, it has five districts. Kakata serves as the capital with the area of the county measuring 2,616 square kilometres (1,010 sq mi). As of the 2008 Census, it had a population of 199,689, making it the sixth most populous county in Liberia.
The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the bicameral legislative branch of Liberia, and together with the Senate comprises the Legislature of Liberia. The number of seats is fixed by law at 73, with each county being apportioned a number of seats based on its percentage of the national population. House members represent single-member districts within the counties drawn up by the National Elections Commission and serve six-year terms. The House meets at the Capitol Building in Monrovia.
An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country. The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and may be styled an electoral commission, a central or state election commission, an election board, an electoral council or an electoral court. Election commissions can be independent, mixed, judicial or executive. They may also be responsible for electoral boundary delimitation. In federations there may be a separate body for each subnational government. The election commission has a duty to perform election related activities in an orderly manner. For election related problems, Election Commission is responsible.
Elections in California are held to fill various local, state and federal seats. In California, regular elections are held every even year ; however, some seats have terms of office that are longer than two years, so not every seat is on the ballot in every election. Special elections may be held to fill vacancies at other points in time. Recall elections can also be held. Additionally, statewide initiatives, legislative referrals and referenda may be on the ballot.
Bay of Plenty is a New Zealand electoral division returning one member to the New Zealand House of Representatives. The current representative is Todd Muller of the National Party, first elected at the 2014 election. He replaced Tony Ryall, also of the National Party, who retired after representing the seat since 1996.
Wairarapa is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first created in 1858 and existed until 1881. It was recreated in 1887 and has since existed continuously. In the early years, the electorate was for a time represented by two members. Wairarapa has been held by Alastair Scott since the 2014 election.
Wellington Central is an electorate, represented by a Member of Parliament in the New Zealand House of Representatives. Its MP since November 2008 has been Labour Party's Grant Robertson. In the 2020 election he will be opposed by James Shaw (Greens) and Nicola Willis (National).
Taupō is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives. Taupo first existed between 1963 and 1981, and was recreated for the introduction of MMP in 1996. The current MP for Taupō is Louise Upston of the National Party. She has held this position since 2008.
General elections were held in Bosnia and Herzegovina on 12 October 2014. Voters elected the national Presidency and House of Representatives, as well as the Presidents and legislatures of the two entities.
This local electoral calendar for 2020 lists the subnational elections that were and are scheduled to be held in 2020. Referendums, recall and retention elections, and national by-elections are also included. Specific dates are given where these are known.
Montserrado-9 is an electoral district for the elections to the House of Representatives of Liberia. The district covers the Monrovia communities of ICA Camp, Pyne People, Fiama, Fiama East, Fish Market, Gbangaye Town, Wroto Town, Raymond Field, Central Lakpazee, Old Matadi and New Matadi, as well as the eastern parts of Cooper Clinic and Ocean View communities. The 12th Street constitutes the boundary between Montserrado-8.
Montserrado-14 is an electoral district for the elections to the House of Representatives of Liberia. The district covers the southern half of Garwolon Township, i.e. the communities of Vai Town A, Vai Town B, Giblata, Central Clara Town I, Central Clara Town II, Paity Town, River View, Peugeot Garage, Hope Community, Struggle Community, Free Port Community and Cow Factory.
Montserrado-15 is an electoral district for the elections to the House of Representatives of Liberia. The district covers the northern parts of Garwolon Township, i.e. the communities of Blamo Town, Central Logan Town, Free Port Development, Gbandi Town, King Peter Town, Little White Chapel, Vicky Spot, Zinc Camp and Zondo Town, as well as the western parts of Caldwell Township, i.e. Caldwell Community, New Georgia Road, Central Caldwell and Lower Caldwell A.
Margibi-2 is an electoral district for the elections to the House of Representatives of Liberia. The constituency covers four communities of Mamabah-Kaba District; Cotton Tree, Dolo Town, Unification and Central Charlesville.
