Marinobacter is a genus of bacteria found in sea water. They are also found in a variety of salt lakes. A number of strains and species can degrade hydrocarbons. The species involved in hydrocarbon degradation include M. alkaliphilus, M. arcticus, M. hydrocarbonoclasticus, M. maritimus, and M. squalenivorans.
The giant barrel sponge is the largest species of sponge found growing on Caribbean coral reefs. It is common at depths greater than 10 metres (33 ft) down to 120 metres (390 ft) and can reach a diameter of 1.8 metres. It is typically brownish-red to brownish-gray in color, with a hard or stony texture. The giant barrel sponge has been called the "redwood of the reef" because of its size and estimated lifespan of hundreds to a thousand or more years. It is perhaps the best-studied species of sponge in the sea; a population on Conch Reef, in the Florida Keys, has been monitored and studied since 1997.
Xestospongia testudinaria is a species of barrel sponge in the family Petrosiidae. More commonly known as Giant Barrel Sponges, they have the basic structure of a typical sponge. Their body is made of a reticulation of cells aggregate on a siliceous scaffold composed of small spikes called spicules. Water is taken into the inner chamber of the sponge through ostia. Flagellated choanocytes line the inner chamber and help generate water currents through the sponge.
Xestospongia is a genus of sponges in the family Petrosiidae. It contains the following species:
Marinobacter adhaerens is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bactebacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from marine aggregates from the Wadden Sea in Germany.
Marinobacter algicola is a Gram-negative, aerobic and moderately halophilic bactebacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum in Scotland.
Marinobacter daepoensis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, slightly halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sea water from the Yellow Sea in Korea.
Marinobacter daqiaonensis is a Gram-negative and moderately halophilic bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sediments of the Daqiao saltern in Qingdao.
Marinobacter excellens is a Gram-negative and halophilic bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sediments from the Chazhma Bay from the Sea of Japan.
Marinobacter flavimaris is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, slightly halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sea water from the Yellow Sea in Korea.
Marinobacter koreensis is a Gram-negative, straight-rod-shaped, aerobic and moderately halophilic bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sea sand from Pohang in Korea.
Marinobacter litoralis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, moderately halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sea water from the Sea of Japan.
Marinobacter lutaoensis is a Gram-negative, heterotrophic, thermotolerant, strictly aerobic and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from a hot spring from the coast of Lutao in Taiwan.
Marinobacter maritimus is a Gram-negative, psychrotolerant and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sea water near the Kerguelen islands.
Marinobacter pelagius is a Gram-negative, aerobic, moderately halophilic and neutrophilic bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from seawater around Zhoushan in China. Marinobacter pelagius can be used to produce gold nanoparticles.
Marinobacter salicampi is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from the Yellow Sea in Korea.
Marinobacter salsuginis is a Gram-negative and moderately halophilic bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from seawater from the Shaban Deep from the Red Sea. The strain BS2 of Marinobacter salsuginis can reduce the mortality of the shrimps Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei by killing the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans. The strain 5N-3 can degrade 1,2-Dichloroethene (cis-DCE) in the absence of inducing substrates like phenol.[6]
Marinobacter segnicrescens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, ellipsoid-shaped, moderately halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from sediments from the South China Sea.
Marinobacter vinifirmus is a Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from wine-barrel-decalcification wastewater in France.
Micromonospora andamanensis is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus Micromonospora which has been isolated from the sponge Xestospongia near Phuket, Thailand.
