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Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, about 2,000 kilometres off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. It includes the main island, as well as Rodrigues, Agaléga, and St. Brandon. The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues, along with nearby Réunion, are part of the Mascarene Islands. The main island of Mauritius, where the population is concentrated, hosts the capital and largest city, Port Louis. The country spans 2,040 square kilometres (790 sq mi) and has an exclusive economic zone covering 2,300,000 square kilometres.
Mauritian society contains several ethnic groups. The majority of the residents of Mauritius are descendants of people from India. Mauritius also comprises migrants from continental Africa, China, France, and the East African island of Madagascar. As of 2023, Mauritius had the highest population density in Africa.
Mauritius is a multi-ethnic, multilingual and a plural society with a population composed mainly of four major ethnic and religious groups. It is often depicted as a "rainbow nation".
Mauritians of Chinese origin, also known as Sino-Mauritians or Chinese Mauritians, are Mauritians who trace their ethnic ancestry to China.
Indo-Mauritians are Mauritians who trace their ethnic ancestry to the Republic of India or other parts of the Indian subcontinent in South Asia.
Mauritian Creoles are the people on the islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues, Agaléga and the Chagos Archipelago and in the wider overseas Mauritian diaspora who trace their roots to continental Africans who were brought to Mauritius under slavery from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. The majority of these enslaved people came from the region in and around modern day Mozambique and Madagascar. Creole peoples can be found on other islands in the Mascarene Islands and these groups all share cultural and linguistic connections with one another stemming from the common heritage of their African ancestors. It can also refer to and include members of the islands' mixed race or Métis community who identify as creoles, especially if they are also Christian. In government records, creoles along with Franco-Mauritians form part of the broader group known as Population Générale.
The island of Mauritius is home to many languages, and Mauritian literature exists in French, English, Creole and Indian languages. Major themes in Mauritian literature include exoticism, multiracialism and miscegenation, racial and social conflicts, indianocéanisme, and—more recently—post-modernism and post-structuralism currents, such as coolitude.
Mauritius – United States relations are bilateral relations between Mauritius and the United States.
Rodriguan Creole is a dialect of Mauritian Creole, a French-based creole language, spoken on the island of Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean. It is spoken by virtually all 40,000 inhabitants of the island. On Rodrigues, like in the rest of the republic of Mauritius, English is the administrative language and French is also widely spoken, even more commonly than English.
Chagossian creole also known as Chagossian Kreol is a French-based creole that was still spoken in 1994 by the 1,800 or so Chagossians, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago evicted in the early 1970s. Ilwa is a variety of Mauritian Creole with influences from Seychellois Creole. It is currently spoken mainly in Mauritius and the Seychelles. There is also a small minority community speaking the language in the United Kingdom.
Mauritius was a Crown colony off the southeast coast of Africa. Formerly part of the French colonial empire, British rule in Mauritius was established de facto with the invasion of Isle de France in November 1810, and de jure by the subsequent Treaty of Paris. British rule ended on 12 March 1968, when Mauritius became an independent country.
The Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius does not mention any official language. The Constitution contains one statement in Article 49 that states that "the official language of the Assembly shall be English but any member may address the chair in French" which indicate that French and English are official languages of the National Assembly (parliament) only.
Tamil Mauritians are the descendants of Tamil people who migrated, from the South Indian regions corresponding to the modern state of Tamil Nadu, to the island of Mauritius.
Le Défi Media Group is a mass media company based in Port Louis, Mauritius. The group's operations include newspapers, magazines, radio and digital media. The newspapers, magazines and radio are mostly published and broadcast in French.
MBC 4 is a Mauritian free-to-air television channel owned by the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation, the public broadcaster. Launched in February 2011, the channel broadcasts Hindi-language programmes. Its programming consists of Indian TV series and non-fictional shows from Zee TV, Star Plus, Colors TV, Sony TV, Sony SAB, &TV and Star Bharat.
Bhojpuri Channel is a TV Channel owned by the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation, which is the national state broadcaster. Launched in January 2013, the TV cannel broadcasts programs in Bhojpuri language, including cookery shows, pre-recorded radio show, Bhojpuri telefilms and more for the Mauritian population.
Mauritian Australians are Australians of Mauritian descent, or who were born in Mauritius.
Mauritian Creole or Morisien is a French-based creole language spoken in Mauritius. English words are included in the standardized version of the language. In addition, the slaves and indentured servants from cultures in Africa and Asia left a diverse legacy of language in the country. The words spoken by these groups are also incorporated into contemporary Morisien.
World Hindi Secretariat (WHS),, is an international organisation of nations and regions where Hindi is the first or customary language with significant proportion of population consisting of Hindi speakers and/or with notable affiliation with North Indian culture. WHS is focused on promoting Hindi as an international language and furthering the cause of recognition of Hindi as an official language of the United Nations. India has been trying to get 129 votes at the United Nations to make Hindi an official language of the UN. WHS is head quartered at Vacoas-Phoenix city in Plaines Wilhems District of Mauritius.
Seychelles Sign Language, also known as Lalang Siny Seselwa, is a sign language used by deaf and hard of hearing Seychellois Creole people. Formalization of the language began as an effort in 2008 between representatives of the Seychellois Association for People with Hearing Impairment and the Paris-based Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris. In 2011, the Seychelles government, with support from UNESCO, began work on a standardization project for the language, which culminated in 2019 the first dictionary of Seychelles Sign. The language shows influence from French, American, and Mauritian Sign Language.
References
- ↑ Mauritian Sign Language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
