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Methanobactin (mb) is a class of copper-binding and reducing chromophoric peptides initially identified in the methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus Bath - and later in Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b - during the isolation of the membrane-associated or particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). It is thought to be secreted to the extracellular media to recruit copper, a critical component of methane monooxygenase, the first enzyme in the series that catalyzes the oxidation of methane into methanol. Methanobactin functions as a chalkophore, similar to iron siderophores, by binding to Cu(II) or Cu(I) then shuttling the copper into the cell. Methanobactin has an extremely high affinity for binding and Cu(I) with a Kd of approximately 1020 M−1 at pH 8. Additionally, methanobactin can reduce Cu(II), which is toxic to cells, to Cu(I), the form used in pMMO. Moreover, different species of methanobactin are hypothesized to be ubiquitous within the biosphere, especially in light of the discovery of molecules produced by other type II methanotrophs that similarly bind and reduce copper (II) to copper (I).
Methylocella silvestris is a bacterium from the genus Methylocella spp which are found in many acidic soils and wetlands. Historically, Methylocella silvestris was originally isolated from acidic forest soils in Germany, and it is described as Gram-negative, aerobic, non-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped and methane-oxidizing facultative methanotroph. As an aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, Methylocella spp use methane (CH4), and methanol as their main carbon and energy source, as well as multi compounds acetate, pyruvate, succinate, malate, and ethanol. They were known to survive in the cold temperature from 4° to 30° degree of Celsius with the optimum at around 15° to 25 °C, but no more than 36 °C. They grow better in the pH scale between 4.5 to 7.0. It lacks intracytoplasmic membranes common to all methane-oxidizing bacteria except Methylocella, but contain a vesicular membrane system connected to the cytoplasmic membrane. BL2T (=DSM 15510T=NCIMB 13906T) is the type strain.
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Streptomyces nogalater is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces nogalater produces nogalamycin.
Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus is a bacterium species from the genus Paenarthrobacter which has been isolated from soil in the Czech Republic. Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus has the ability to degrade 4-nitroguaiacol.
Methylocystis echinoides is a bacterium species from the genus of Methylocystis.
Methylocystis parvus is a methylotroph bacterium species from the genus of Methylocystis.
Methylosinus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Methylocystaceae.
Methylopila oligotropha is a methanotroph bacterium species from the genus of Methylopila which has been isolated from a groundwater aquifer.
Erythrobacter is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria genus from the family Erythrobacteraceae.
Methyloferula stellata is a Gram-negative and non-motile bacteria from the genus of Methyloferula which has been isolated from acidic peat soil from Arkhangelsk in Russia. In contrast to most known Methanotrophs Methyloferula stellata is an aerobic acidophilic methanotroph. This makes it similar to Methylocella species, however it is unable to grow on multicarbon substrates. It's genome was sequenced in March and April 2015.
References
- 1 2 LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de
- ↑ Straininfo of Methylosinus trichosporium
- ↑ UniProt
- 1 2 Stein, L. Y.; Yoon, S.; Semrau, J. D.; DiSpirito, A. A.; Crombie, A.; Murrell, J. C.; Vuilleumier, S.; Kalyuzhnaya, M. G.; Op den Camp, H. J. M.; Bringel, F.; Bruce, D.; Cheng, J.- F.; Copeland, A.; Goodwin, L.; Han, S.; Hauser, L.; Jetten, M. S. M.; Lajus, A.; Land, M. L.; Lapidus, A.; Lucas, S.; Medigue, C.; Pitluck, S.; Woyke, T.; Zeytun, A.; Klotz, M. G. (15 October 2010). "Genome Sequence of the Obligate Methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium Strain OB3b". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (24): 6497–6498. doi:10.1128/JB.01144-10. PMC 3008524 . PMID 20952571.
- ↑ editors, Don J. Brenner, Noel R. Krieg, James T. Staley (2005). Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-29298-4.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - 1 2 Whittenbury, R.; Phillips, K. C.; Wilkinson, J. F.YR 1970 (1970). "Enrichment, Isolation and Some Properties of Methane-utilizing Bacteria". Microbiology. 61 (2): 205–218. doi: 10.1099/00221287-61-2-205 . ISSN 1465-2080. PMID 5476891.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ Knief, Claudia (2015-12-15). "Diversity and Habitat Preferences of Cultivated and Uncultivated Aerobic Methanotrophic Bacteria Evaluated Based on pmoA as Molecular Marker". Frontiers in Microbiology. 6: 1346. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01346 . ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 4678205 . PMID 26696968.
- 1 2 3 4 Sullivan, Jonathan P.; Dickinson, David; Chase, Howard A. (1998-01-01). "Methanotrophs, Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, sMMO, and Their Application to Bioremediation". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 24 (4): 335–373. doi:10.1080/10408419891294217. ISSN 1040-841X. PMID 9887367.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Phelps, Patricia A.; Agarwal, Sandeep K.; Speitel, Gerald E.; Georgiou, George (November 1992). "Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b Mutants Having Constitutive Expression of Soluble Methane Monooxygenase in the Presence of High Levels of Copper". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 58 (11): 3701–3708. Bibcode:1992ApEnM..58.3701P. doi:10.1128/aem.58.11.3701-3708.1992. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 183163 . PMID 16348810.
- ↑ Rodrigues, Andréa dos Santos; Valdman, Belkis; Salgado, Andréa Medeiros (June 2009). "Analysis of methane biodegradation by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b". Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 40 (2): 301–307. doi:10.1590/S1517-83822009000200017. ISSN 1517-8382. PMC 3769742 . PMID 24031362.