Middlesex (Province of Canada electoral district)

This article is about the pre-Confederation electoral district. For the three successor federal electoral districts, see Middlesex East, Middlesex North, and Middlesex West. For the three successor provincial electoral districts, see Middlesex East (provincial electoral district), Middlesex North (provincial electoral district), and Middlesex West (provincial electoral district).

Middlesex
Canada West

Province of Canada electoral district
Defunct pre-Confederation electoral district
Legislature	Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
District created	1841
District abolished	1867
First contested	1841
Last contested	1863

Middlesex was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada West (now Ontario). It was created in 1841, upon the establishment of the Province of Canada by the union of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Middlesex was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Ontario, and succeeded by three different ridings for both the federal Parliament and the Ontario Legislative Assembly.

Boundaries

Middlesex electoral district was located on the Ontario peninsula, based on Middlesex County. The town of London was the major centre, although it was a separate electoral district, surrounded by Middlesex.

The Union Act, 1840 had merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished. ^[1] The Union Act provided that the pre-existing electoral boundaries of Upper Canada would continue to be used in the new Parliament, unless altered by the Union Act itself. ^[2]

Middlesex County had been an electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada. ^[3] Its boundaries were not altered by the Union Act. Those boundaries had originally been set by a proclamation of the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, John Graves Simcoe, in 1792, under the name of the County of Suffolk:

That the seventeenth of the said counties be hereafter called by the name of the county of Suffolk; which county is to be bounded on the east by the county of Norfolk, on the south by lake Erie, until it meets the carrying-place from point au Pins unto the Thames, on the west by the said carrying-place, thence up the said river Thames until it meets the northwesternmost boundary of the county of Norfolk. ^[4]

The boundaries had been further defined by a statute of Upper Canada in 1798, which re-named Suffolk county to be Middlesex county:

36. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the townships of London, Westminster, Dorchester, Yarmouth, Southwold, Dunwich, Aldborough and Delaware, do constitute and form the County of Middlesex. ^[5]

Since Middlesex was not changed by the Union Act, those boundaries continued to be used for the new electoral district.

Members of the Legislative Assembly

Middlesex was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. ^[2] The following were the members for Middlesex.

Parliament	Years	Members [6]		Party [7]
1st Parliament 1841–1844	1841	Thomas Parke [lower-alpha 1]		Unionist; moderate Reformer
	1841–1844

Notes

1. On June 7, 1841, Parke was appointed Surveyor-General, an office of profit under the Crown, and therefore had to resign his seat. He was re-elected in a by-election on July 10, 1841. ^[8]

Abolition

Middlesex electoral district was abolished on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 came into force, creating Canada and splitting the Province of Canada into Quebec and Ontario. ^[9] It was succeeded by three electoral districts in both the House of Commons of Canada ^[10] and the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. ^[11]

References

1. Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict. (UK), c. 35, s. 2.
2. Union Act, 1840, s. 16.
3. Journal of the House of Assembly of Upper Canada, from the eighth day of November, 1836, to the fourth day of March, 1837, p. 15 (November 8, 1836).
4. Proclamation, Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, July 16, 1792; reprinted in Statutes of the Province of Upper Canada; Together with Such British Statutes, Ordinances of Quebec, and Proclamations, as Relate to the Said Province (Kingston: F. M. Hill., 1831) p. 24, at p. 26.
5. An act for the better division of this province, SUC 1798 (38 Geo. III), c. 5, s. 39. Reprinted in The Statutes of Upper Canada to the Time of Union, Revised and Published by Authority, Vol. I - Public Acts (Toronto: Robert Stanton, Queen's Printer, 1843).
6. J.O. Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, (Quebec: St. Michel and Darveau, 1860), pp. 43-58.
7. For party affiliations, see Paul G. Cornell, Alignment of Political Groups in Canada, 1841-67 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962; reprinted in paperback 2015), pp. 93-111.
8. Côté, Political Appointments and Elections, pp. 59 note (19), 73.
9. British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867), s. 6.
10. Constitution Act, 1867, s. 40, para. 2
11. Constitution Act, 1867, s. 70.

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain :Proclamation, Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, July 16, 1792.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain :An act for the better division of this province, SUC 1798, c. 5, s. 36.