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Miguel Trovoada | |
---|---|
![]() Trovoada in 1995 | |
2nd President of São Tomé and Príncipe | |
In office 21 August 1995 –3 September 2001 | |
Prime Minister | Carlos Graça Armindo Vaz d'Almeida Raul Bragança Neto Guilherme Posser da Costa |
Preceded by | Manuel Quintas de Almeida (acting) |
Succeeded by | Fradique de Menezes |
In office 3 April 1991 –15 August 1995 | |
Prime Minister | Daniel Daio Norberto Costa Alegre Evaristo Carvalho Carlos Graça |
Preceded by | Leonel Mário d'Alva (acting) |
Succeeded by | Manuel Quintas de Almeida (acting) |
1st Prime Minister of São Toméand Príncipe | |
In office 12 July 1975 –9 April 1979 | |
President | Manuel Pinto da Costa |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Celestino Rocha da Costa |
Personal details | |
Born | São Tomé,Overseas Province of São Toméand Príncipe,Portugal | 27 December 1936
Political party | Independent Democratic Action |
Spouse | Maria Helena Trovoada |
Alma mater | University of Lisbon |
Miguel dos Anjos da Cunha Lisboa Trovoada (born 27 December 1936) [1] was the prime minister from 1975 to 1979 and second president of São Toméand Príncipe 1991 to 2001. On 16 July 2014,he was appointed the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Guinea-Bissau (UNIOGBIS). Prior to this,he was the executive secretary of the Gulf of Guinea Commission.
Born in the city of São Tomé,Trovoada attended secondary school in Angola before studying law at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. In 1960 he cofounded,with former classmate Manuel Pinto da Costa,the Committee for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe (CLSTP) - which was renamed the Movement for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe in 1972. Operating out of its headquarters in Gabon,Trovoada served as the movement's foreign affairs director from 1961 to 1975 and was instrumental in gaining Organization of African Unity (OAU) recognition for the MLSTP in 1972.
After the fall of the Estado Novo regime in Portugal due to the Carnation Revolution,Trovoada served as the São Toméand Príncipe first Prime Minister (12 July 1975 - March 1979). However,relations between the President and Prime Minister soon deteriorated,culminating in 1979 when President da Costa abolished the post of Prime Minister. Several months later,Trovoada was charged with plotting against the government. After being arrested and detained for 21 months,Trovoada went into exile in France. In May 1990,following the adoption of a democratic constitution,he returned to his country and campaigned for president.
In 1991,Trovoada was elected President in the country's first multiparty presidential election;he was re-elected in 1996. When he first ran for President,he was not a member of any political party,but by the end of his first term he had formed a new political party - Independent Democratic Action (ADI).
His government was briefly overthrown in a coup d'etat from 15 August 1995 to 21 August 1995.
President Trovoada's term ended on 3 September 2001 when Fradique de Menezes was sworn in as the new head of state.
Trovoada took office as executive secretary of the Gulf of Guinea Commission on 21 January 2009. [2]
Miguel Trovoada's son Patrice Trovoada is also a politician and served as Prime Minister of São Toméand Príncipe in 2008.
The islands of São Toméand Príncipe were uninhabited at the time of the arrival of the Portuguese sometime between 1469 and 1471. After the islands were discovered by the explorers João de Santarém and Pêro Escobar,Portuguese navigators explored the islands and decided they would be a good location for bases to trade with the mainland.
The politics of São Toméand Príncipe takes place in a framework of a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the President of São Toméand Príncipe is head of state and the Prime Minister of São Toméand Príncipe is head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. São Toméhas functioned under a multiparty system since 1990. Following the promulgation of a new constitution in 1990,São Toméand Príncipe held multiparty elections for the first time since independence. Shortly after the constitution took effect,the National Assembly formally legalized opposition parties. Independent candidates also were permitted to participate in the January 1991 legislative elections.
Joaquim Rafael Branco is a São Toméan politician who was the 16th prime Minister of São Toméand Príncipe from 2008 to 2010. He is the President of the Movement for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe/Social Democratic Party (MLSTP/PSD).
São Tomé is the capital and largest city of the Central African island country of São Toméand Príncipe. Its name is Portuguese for "Saint Thomas". Founded in the 15th century,it is one of Africa's oldest colonial cities.
The Movement for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe –Social Democratic Party is one of the main political parties in São Toméand Príncipe. Jorge Bom Jesus is the current president of the party.
Manuel Pinto da Costa is a Santomean economist and politician who served as the first president of São Toméand Príncipe from 1975 to 1991. He again served as president from 2011 to 2016.
Parliamentary elections were held in São Toméand Príncipe on 8 November 1998. The result was a victory for the Movement for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe-Social Democratic Party,which won 31 of the 55 seats in the National Assembly. Voter Turnout was 64.5%.
The Independent Democratic Action is a political party in São Toméand Príncipe. It was established in 1994 by the then president Miguel Trovoada and is a politically centrist party.
ToméSoares da Vera Cruz was the 14th prime minister of São Toméand Príncipe from April 2006 to February 2008. He is also Secretary-General of the Force for Change Democratic Movement-Liberal Party (MDFM-PL). In addition to becoming Prime Minister,he became Minister of Information and Regional Integration.
Patrice Émery Trovoada is a São Toméan politician who is the 15th prime minister of São Toméand Príncipe since November 2022. He previously served as Prime Minister from February 2008 to June 2008,from August 2010 to December 2012 and again from November 2014 to December 2018.
São Toméand Príncipe,officially the Democratic Republic of São Toméand Príncipe,is an island country in the Gulf of Guinea,off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa.
Presidential elections were held in São Toméand Príncipe in 2011,the first round beginning on 17 July 2011 with a run-off held on 7 August 2011. Incumbent President Fradique de Menezes has served the maximum two terms and could not constitutionally seek a third term. The final result saw former president Manuel Pinto da Costa,aged 74,elected in a narrow victory against Speaker of Parliament Evaristo Carvalho.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Cooperation and Communities is a ministry of the Government of São Toméand Príncipe. The current minister is Edite Tenjua,appointed in 2020.
João Guadalupe Viegas de Ceita is a Santomean writer and a doctor,one of the national heroes. He was one of co-founders and ideologist of the Movement for the Liberation of São Toméand Príncipe (MLSTP),a project for an independent São Toméand Príncipe.
The following lists events that happened during 1990 in the Democratic Republic of São Toméand Príncipe.
The following lists events that happened during 2010 in the Democratic Republic of São Toméand Príncipe.
Carlos Manuel Vila Nova is a São Toméan politician who is the fifth and current president of São Toméand Príncipe,since 2 October 2021. He served as the minister of Public Works and Natural Resources (2010–2012) and minister of Infrastructure,Natural Resources and the Environment (2014–2018) in successive governments of Prime Minister Patrice Trovoada.