Military budget of India

Last updated

Indian Navy carrier battle group in transit led by aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya INS Vikramaditya - 02.jpg
Indian Navy carrier battle group in transit led by aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya

The military budget or defence budget of India is the portion of the overall budget of Union budget of India that is allocated for the funding of the Indian Armed Forces. The military budget finances employee salaries and training costs, maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new technologies, weapons, equipment, and vehicles. [1]

Contents

The Indian Army accounts for more than half of the total defence budget of India, with most of the expenditure going to the maintenance of cantonments, salaries and pensions, rather than critical arms and ammunition. [2]

Overview

India's defence budget includes allocation for the three defence services: the army, navy and air force. It also includes allocation for the ordnance factories, research and development, and capital outlay. Additionally there are civil defence expenditures such as pensions. Unofficial expenditure includes expenses for four of the six Central Armed Police Forces responsible for border security. The space program and atomic energy are funded separately. [3]

India's official and unofficial defence allocation [3]
Official statusCategory or Demand for Grants (DFGs)DCE/DSE
Unofficial Ministry of Defence (Canteen Store Department, MOD Secretariat, Coast Guard, J&K Light Infantry)Defence Civil (DCE)
Pensions and other benefits
Official defence budgetOperating expensesArmy (including the National Cadet Corps (NCC), Director General of Quality Assurance (DGQA), Military Farms and Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme)Defence Services (DSE)
Navy (Joint Staff)
Air Force
Ordnance Factories
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Capital expenseCapital outlay (Capital expenditure of all services including the NCC, Ordnance Factories and DGQA)
Unofficial Border Roads Organisation, Assam Rifles, Border Security Force, Indo-Tibetan Border Police, Sashastra Seema Bal, border management, CAPF construction, border outposts

Expenditures

Budget v Strength (2025-26)
IA · IN · IAF · ICG · DRDO [4] [5]
ServiceBudget (%)Strength (%)
Army
61.7
83.1
Navy
11.3
4.52
Air Force
16.0
9.38
ICG
2.8
0.74
DRDO
7.9
1.2
Share of military services in defence budget in 20202021: [6]
  1. Army (56.0%)
  2. Navy (15.0%)
  3. Air Force (23.0%)
  4. DRDO (6.00%)

See also

References

  1. Navlakha, Gautam (1999). "Defence Spending: Cost of Fighting Imaginary Enemies". Economic and Political Weekly. 34 (19): 1085–1088. ISSN   0012-9976. JSTOR   4407922.
  2. "Defence Manufacturing in India". www.investindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
  3. 1 2 Behera 2015, p. 236238.
  4. newsanalytics (5 March 2025). "INDIA'S DEFENCE BUDGET AND IT'S SECURITY CHALLENGES". News Analytics. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
  5. Bhatt, Ajay (1 April 2022). "Unstarred Ques no. 4929, Lok Sabha" (PDF). Sansad . Retrieved 24 August 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. Behera, Laxman Kumar (4 February 2021). "India's Defence Budget 2020-21". MP-IDSA. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  7. Behera, Laxman K (3 February 2017). "India's Defence Budget 2017-18:An Analysis". Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. IDSA. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
  8. "India's defence budget hiked 10pc to INR 2.74 trillion". Dawn. Reuters. 1 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  9. Gurung, Shaurya Karanbir (1 February 2018). "Budget 2018: Defence sector gets a boost by 7.81%". Economic Times. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  10. Behera, Laxman Kumar (8 July 2019). "India's Defence Budget 2019-20". MP Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  11. 1 2 Behera, Laxman Kumar (4 February 2020). "India's Defence Budget 2020-21". MP Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  12. "Budget 2021-22". Press Information Bureau . 1 February 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  13. "Update: India increases defence budget by 10%". Janes.com. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  14. "India world's fourth largest defence spender in 2022, says report". The Economic Times. 26 April 2023. ISSN   0013-0389 . Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  15. "World military expenditure passes $2 trillion for first time". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute .
  16. "Defence Budget of India 2023: India's defence sector gets Rs 5.94 lakh crore for 2023-24". The Economic Times. 2 February 2023. ISSN   0013-0389 . Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  17. "Unveiling India's Rs 6.21 lakh crore Defence budget with a dual focus on self-reliance and export boost". The Economic Times. 1 February 2024. ISSN   0013-0389 . Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  18. newsanalytics (5 March 2025). "INDIA'S DEFENCE BUDGET AND IT'S SECURITY CHALLENGES". News Analytics. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
  19. "A record over Rs 6.81 lakh crore allocated in Union Budget 2025-26 for MoD, an increase of 9.53% from current Financial Year". Press Information Bureau . 1 February 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. "Military expenditure (% of GDP) - India | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  21. Behera, Laxman Kumar (23 February 2014). "India's Interim Defence Budget 2014-15: An Appraisal". MP Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. Retrieved 20 July 2014.

Bibliography

Further reading

Books

Reports

Journals

News