The politics of Finland take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy. Finland is a republic whose head of state is President Alexander Stubb, who leads the nation's foreign policy and is the supreme commander of the Finnish Defence Forces. Finland's head of government is Prime Minister Petteri Orpo, who leads the nation's executive branch, called the Finnish Government. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Finland, and the Government has limited rights to amend or extend legislation. The Constitution of Finland vests power to both the President and Government: the President has veto power over parliamentary decisions, although this power can be overruled by a majority vote in the Parliament.
Nils Daniel Carl Bildt is a Swedish politician and diplomat who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1991 to 1994. He led the Moderate Party from 1986 to 1999, appearing at its lead candidate in four general elections, before his appointment as Minister for Foreign Affairs under Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt from 2006 to 2014. Bildt first entered the Riksdag in 1979, holding a seat until 2001. A member of the Bildt family, he is a great-great grandson of Baron Gillis Bildt, who was Prime Minister of Sweden from 1888 to 1889.
Hans Göran Persson is a Swedish politician who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1996 to 2006 and leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party from 1996 to 2007.
Laila Ligita Freivalds is a Swedish Social Democratic politician who served as Minister for Justice from 1988 to 1991 and again from 1994 to 2000, as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2003 to 2006 and as Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden briefly in 2004.
Mona Ingeborg Sahlin is a Swedish politician who was leader of the opposition and leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party from 2007 to 2011.
Lars Erik Ansgar Leijonborg is a Swedish politician, Minister for Higher Education and Research 2006-2009 and Head of the Ministry of Education and Research 2006–2007. During a ten-year period from 1997 to 2007, he served as chairman of the Liberal People's Party.
Leif Pagrotsky is a Swedish politician, economist, and diplomat. He served as Minister of Culture from 2004 to 2006 and Minister for Business and Industry from 2002 to 2004 under Prime Minister Göran Persson. After this, he held the position of Consul General of Sweden in New York City from 2016 to 2018.
Ibrahim Baylan is a Swedish politician who served as Minister for Schools from 2004 to 2006, as Minister for Energy from 2014 to 2019, Minister for Policy Coordination from 2016 to 2019 and as Minister for Business, Industry and Innovation from 2019 to 2021.
Maria Josephina Arnoldina van der Hoeven is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and nonprofit director.
The Minister for Justice,, formally cabinet minister and head of the Ministry of Justice, is a member and minister of the Government of Sweden and is appointed by the Prime Minister. The minister is responsible for policies related to combating terrorism, democracy and human rights, family law, the judicial system and the Constitution of Sweden.
Mircea Druc is a Moldovan and Romanian politician who served as Prime Minister of Moldova between 26 May 1990 and 22 May 1991.
After a period of rapid growth and unprecedented economic prosperity during the late 1980s, by 1990 the Swedish economy overheated, and after a controversial bill freezing salaries and banning strikes failed in the Riksdag, the social democratic government led by Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson resigned in February 1990. At this time the respected Finance Minister Kjell-Olof Feldt left the government in protest over what he saw as irresponsible economic policies. Carlsson soon formed a new government, but by the time of the general election in September 1991 the economy was in free fall, and with rapidly rising unemployment, the social democrats received the smallest share of votes in sixty years (37.7%), resulting in the loss of office to the opposition, a centre-right coalition led by Carl Bildt.
The Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality was a ministry of the Government Offices of Sweden. Its areas of responsibility included consumer affairs, democracy issues, gender equality, human rights, integration issues, metropolitan affairs, minority issues, non-governmental organizations and youth policy. The only minister to head the ministry was Nyamko Sabuni who served as Minister for Gender Equality and as Minister for Integration. She was careful to publicly point out that she is an equalist and not a feminist, not having any group based on gender, race, age, religion or other typical discrimination ground as focus and angle above others in her equality work. In Swedish the role (Jämställdhetsminister) is more exactly translated into called Equality Minister.
Giovanna Melandri is an Italian-American politician. She was an MP in the Italian Parliament for 18 years (1994–2012), holding the positions of Minister of Culture (1998–2001) and Minister of Youth and Sport (2006–2008). She was the president of MAXXI, the National Museum of the 21st Century Arts of Rome, until November 1st 2022. She is currently the chairwoman of the Human Foundation.
The Government of Lithuania, officially the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, is the cabinet of Lithuania, exercising executive power in the country. Among other responsibilities, it executes laws and resolutions of the parliament, the Seimas, and the decrees of the President, manages state property and, together with the president, executes the foreign policy of the country. The Government also has the right of legislative initiative, puts together the state budget and presents it to the Seimas for approval.
Kuwait is an emirate with an autocratic political system. The Emir of Kuwait, a hereditary monarch from the Al Sabah ruling family appoints the prime minister and other members of government, as well as members of judicial, police and financial institutions.
The Ministry of Culture and Information Policy (MCIP) is the main state authority in the system of central government of Ukraine responsible for ensuring the informational sovereignty of Ukraine, in particular regarding the dissemination of socially important information in Ukraine and beyond, as well as ensuring the functioning of state information resources and country's cultural development and history preservation. It is fully based on the former Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
The Minister for Housing is a cabinet minister within the Swedish Government and appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.
The Minister for Civil Service Affairs, since 2010 called Minister for Public Administration, is a member of the Government of Sweden. The minister for civil service affairs was the head of the Ministry for Civil Service Affairs from 1840 to 1996. It was reintroduced as a minister without portfolio post in 2010. Its tasks includes government procurement and an overall responsibility for municipalities and regions.
The Minister of Economics was a member of the government of Sweden. The minister of economics was the head of the Ministry of Economics from 1976 to 1982 which dealt with long-term guidelines for economic policy, the principle orientation of financial and credit policy, international economic cooperation, statistics, questions regarding banking and insurance, the stock exchange and the monetary system.
