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Mayflies are aquatic insects belonging to the order Ephemeroptera. This order is part of an ancient group of insects termed the Palaeoptera, which also contains dragonflies and damselflies. Over 3,000 species of mayfly are known worldwide, grouped into over 400 genera in 42 families.
The telephone-pole beetle is a beetle native to the eastern United States, and the only living representative of the otherwise extinct family Micromalthidae.
Dissorophidae is an extinct family of medium-sized, temnospondyl amphibians that flourished during the late Carboniferous and early Permian periods. The clade is known almost exclusively from North America.
Scutosaurus was a genus of parareptiles. It was an armor-covered pareiasaur that lived around 265–254 million years ago in Russia, in the later Permian period. Its genus name refers to large plates of armor scattered across its body. It was a large anapsid reptile that, unlike most reptiles, held its legs underneath its body to support its great weight. Fossils have been found in the Sokolki Assemblage Zone of the Malokinelskaya Formation in European Russia, close to the Ural Mountains.
Biarmosuchia is an extinct clade of non-mammalian synapsids from the Permian. Biarmosuchians are the most basal group of the therapsids. They were moderately-sized, lightly-built carnivores, intermediate in form between basal sphenacodont "pelycosaurs" and more advanced therapsids. Biarmosuchians were rare components of Permian ecosystems, and the majority of species belong to the clade Burnetiamorpha, which are characterized by elaborate cranial ornamentation.
Hemiphlebiidae is a family of damselflies, it contains only one extant species, the ancient greenling, native to Southern Australia and Tasmania. The fossil record of the group extends back to the Late Jurassic.
Alexandrinia is an extinct genus of mayflies which existed in what is now Russia and the United States during the Permian period. It was described by N. D. Sinitshenkova and D. V. Vassilenko in 2012, and contains four species: A. gigantea, A. directa, A. ipsa and A. vitta.
Parioxys is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Permian of Texas.
This list of fossil arthropods described in 2013 is a list of new taxa of trilobites, fossil insects, crustaceans, arachnids and other fossil arthropods of every kind that have been described during the year 2013. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
Permosynidae is a family of Protocoleopteran beetle in the superfamily Permosynoidea. The family lived between the Late Permian and Late Jurassic and lived in Russia and Mongolia. Species that were discovered in 2014 include Artematopodites latissimus, Platycrossos latus, Platycrossos longus, Platycrossos loxonicus, Platycrossos mongolicus, Platycrossos ovum and Dzeregia platis. Species that were discovered in 2015 include Artematopodites lozowskii and Dinoharpalus latus.
Platycrossos is a genus of Protocoleopteran beetle in the family Permosynidae. Fossils of this genus have been recovered from Late Jurassic sediments in Mongolia. It contains the following species:
Parasumina is an extinct genus of anomodont known from the late Capitanian age at the end of the middle Permian period of European Russia. The type and only species is Parasuminia ivakhnekoi. It was closely related to Suminia, another Russian anomodont, and was named for its resemblance. Little is known about Parasuminia as the only fossils are of fragmentary pieces of the skull and jaw, but the known remains suggest that its head and jaws were deeper and more robust than those of Suminia, and with shorter, stouter teeth. However, despite these differences they appear to have been similar animals with a similarly complex method of processing vegetation.
Austroperlidae is a family of stoneflies in the order Plecoptera. There are about 10 genera and 15 described species in Austroperlidae.
Gripopterygidae is a family of stoneflies in the order Plecoptera. There are more than 50 genera and 320 described species in Gripopterygidae.
Notonemouridae is a family of stoneflies in the order Plecoptera. There are more than 20 genera and at least 120 described species in Notonemouridae.
Permopsocida is an extinct order of insects known from the Early Permian to Mid-Cretaceous. It is part of Paraneoptera, alongside bark lice, bugs and thrips. Within Paraneoptera it is considered to be closer to the clade containing bugs and thrips rather than bark lice, with an estimated divergence during the Late Carboniferous. The group was first named as a suborder by Robert John Tillyard in 1926, and was raised to a full order by Huang et al. in 2016. It is currently divided up into three families, Psocidiidae which is known from the Permian to Liassic. Permopsocidae which is only known from the Permian, and Archipsyllidae, which is known from the Late Triassic to mid-Cretaceous (Cenomanian). While most members of the group are known from compression fossils, several members of Archipsyllidae are 3 dimensionally preserved in Burmese amber, which has helped clarify the morphology and phyogenetic position of the group. The morphology of the mouthparts suggests that they were capable of suction feeding and chewing, with preserved angiosperm pollen grains in the gut of Psocorrhyncha suggesting that at least some members of the group were pollenivorous.
This list of fossil insects described in 2021 is a list of new taxa of fossil insects, that are scheduled to be described during the year 2021, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to insect paleontology that are scheduled to occur in the year 2021.
References
- ↑ E. H. Sellards. 1909. Types of Permian Insects, Part III: Megasecoptera, Orycloblattinidae and Protorthoptera. American Journal of Science 27:151-173
- ↑ N. D. Sinitshenkova and D. V. Vassilenko (2012). "The latest record of mayflies of the family Protereismatidae sellards (Ephemerida = Ephemeroptera) and a new species of the family Misthodotidae in the Upper Permian of Europe". Paleontological Journal. 46 (1): 61–65. doi:10.1134/S0031030112010121.