Mitchell (automobile)

Last updated
Mitchell Motor Car Company
Mitchell-Lewis Motor Co.
Mitchell Motors Company, Inc.
Company typeAutomobile Manufacturing
Industry Automotive
PredecessorMitchell & Lewis Company
Founded1903;121 years ago (1903)
FounderWilliam T. Lewis
Defunct1923;101 years ago (1923)
FateBankruptcy, Sold
Headquarters,
Key people
William T. Lewis, William M. Lewis, John W. Bates, Rene Petard, Otis Friend
Products Automobiles
Automotive parts
Production output
86,964 (1903-1923)

Mitchell was a major brass-era automobile marque in Racine, Wisconsin, from 1903 to 1923. [1]

Contents

History

As early as 1883, Mitchell, Lewis & Company were manufacturing two-wheel and four-wheel wagons in Racine, Wisconsin. Wisconsin Wheel Works was established in the 1890s by the wagon maker Mitchell & Lewis Company, Ltd., to manufacture bicycles and the company developed a motorcycle in 1900. The firm began manufacturing automobiles in 1903 as the Mitchell Motor Car Company. [1] [2]

Motor Cars

The company's first models were a chain driven and water-cooled four-stroke 4hp and two-stroke 7hp runabout, with tiller steering and a two-speed planetary transmission. The cars were designed by John W. Bates, a Chicago engineer. 1904 brought air-cooling and the addition of a four-cylinder model. By 1907 four-cylinders only were produced, improved with shaft drive on all models and all engines water-cooled. [1] Mitchell participated in many automobile contests to show the power and reliability of their new four-cylinder cars. [2]

William T. Lewis retired in 1910 and William M. Lewis took over. The wagon business and automobile company were combined into Mitchell-Lewis Motor Company. The 1910 line of Mitchell's included two four-cylinder models and a new six-cylinder model was introduced. The Mitchell engines were cast in pairs with three-bearing crankshafts on the fours and five-bearing crankshafts on the six-cylinders. [3]

Growth

Mitchell built virtually all of the components for their cars, and the company enjoyed a reputation as a quality builder of medium-priced cars. [1] [2] Mitchell annual production was growing steadily from 82 cars in 1904 to 1,377 in 1907, 2,946 in 1909, 5,614 in 1910 and to just over 6,000 in 1912. [1] This made them the leading car maker in Wisconsin. [3] A small production of trucks and buses were run from 1905 to 1908. Pricing in 1912 ran from a runabout at $950 (equivalent to $29,994in 2023) to a limousine at $2,250 (equivalent to $71,038in 2023) and Mitchell would remain in this mid-price market. [1]

French engineer Rene Petard was imported to design a new series of T-head engines which were introduced for the 1913 model year. These were called "The American built French car" in advertisements. [3] Financial issues in 1913 caused the retirement of William Mitchell Lewis from the company and with Rene Petard, he started a new company to produce a car called the Lewis. A banker, Joseph Winterbottom, Jr. became president of Mitchell-Lewis. [1]

Major Manufacturer

The firm was reorganized as Mitchell Motors Company, Inc. in 1916 and Mitchell sales manager Otis Friend took over the presidency. Sales in 1917 reached a record 10,938. Otis Friend left in 1918 and subsequently built a car of his own called the Friend in Pontiac, Michigan. A General Electric executive named D.C. Durland was appointed as the new president. [1]

In 1916 the four-cylinder Mitchell was dropped, and a V-8 was built that year, but from 1917 only six-cylinder cars were produced. [1] The Mitchell introduced in 1920 had a sloping radiator configuration and was given the epithet of "drunken Mitchell.” [3] [1] This styling mistake hurt sales. In 1922 a million-mile test was done by 109 Mitchell “White Streaks” which resulted in good publicity. [3] [1] [2]

Fate

With the effects of styling mistakes, competition from mass producers of automobiles and the post-war depression, output had plummeted to less than 2,500 in both 1920 and 1921. Mitchell Motors Company, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in June 1923. Sales of unfinished automobiles and raw materials continued into 1924. In February 1924 the Mitchell factory was sold to Nash Motors and the Ajax automobile would be produced there. [3] [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chalmers Automobile</span> Defunct American car manufacturer from 1908 to 1923

The Chalmers Motor Company was an American automobile manufacturer headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. Founded in 1908 by Hugh Chalmers, the company was known for producing high-end vehicles. Chalmers automobiles gained recognition for their toughness, durability, and engineering receiving particular praise for their performance in touring events. The company reached its peak in 1911, becoming the eighth-largest auto producer in the United States. Despite initial success, the company faced challenges with increasing competition in the auto industry, and sales began to decline in the following years. In 1923, Chalmers Motor Company merged with Maxwell Motor, ultimately forming the basis for the Chrysler Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crosley</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

Crosley was a small, independent American manufacturer of economy cars or subcompact cars, bordering on microcars. At first called the Crosley Corporation and later Crosley Motors Incorporated, the Cincinnati, Ohio, firm was active from 1939 to 1952, interrupted by World War II production. Their station wagons were the most popular model, but also offered were sedans, pickups, convertibles, a sports car, and even a tiny jeep-like vehicle. For export, the cars were badged Crosmobile.

The Aerocar is an American automobile that was built from 1906 until 1908 in Detroit, Michigan. Backed by Henry Ford's former partner, coal merchant Alexander Malcomson, the short-lived company offered an air-cooled four-cylinder luxury car which sold for $2,800.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ajax (Nash Motors)</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Ajax was an American automobile brand manufactured by the Nash Motors Company of Kenosha, Wisconsin, in 1925 and 1926. The Ajax was produced in the newly acquired Mitchell Motors Company plant in Racine, Wisconsin. In 1926, all Ajax models were converted into Nash Light Sixes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rickenbacker (car)</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

Rickenbacker was a Vintage Era automobile manufactured in Detroit, Michigan, from 1922 until 1927. The car is best known for pioneering production of four-wheel brakes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knox Automobile Company</span> Former American car manufacturer

The Knox Automobile Company was a manufacturer of automobiles in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, between 1900 and 1914. Knox also built trucks and farm tractors until 1924. They are notable for building the very first modern fire engine in 1905, and the first American vehicle with hydraulic brakes, in 1915.

Northern Manufacturing Company was a manufacturer of Brass Era automobiles in Detroit, Michigan, automobiles designed by Charles Brady King. Early advertising included catchy phrases such as "Utility is the Basis for Beauty" and "Built for Business" and the famous "Silent Northern".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stevens-Duryea</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

Stevens-Duryea was an American manufacturer of Veteran and Brass Era automobiles in Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts, between 1901 and 1915 and Vintage Cars from 1919 to 1927.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lozier</span> Dufunct American Automobile company

The Lozier Motor Company was a brass era producer of luxury automobiles in the United States. The company produced automobiles from 1900 to 1918, in Plattsburgh, New York and from 1910, at Detroit, Michigan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Premier Motor Manufacturing Company</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Premier Motor Manufacturing Company built the brass era and vintage Premier luxury automobile in Indianapolis, Indiana, from 1903 to 1925.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marion (automobile)</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Marion was an automobile produced by the Marion Motor Car Company in Indianapolis, Indiana from 1904 to 1915.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Single Center</span> Former American automobile manufacturer

Single Center Spring Buggy Company was an American carriage and automobile manufacturer based in Evansville, Indiana. The Single Center factory manufactured the Zentmobile, Zent, Windsor, Worth, Single Center, Evansville, Simplicity and Traveler automobiles from 1903 to 1910.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empire (1910 automobile)</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Empire was an American automobile manufactured from 1910 until 1919. Marketed as "the little aristocrat", the Empire 20 was a four-cylinder shaft-driven runabout built in Indianapolis. The model "A" was a conventional runabout for three passengers with a rumble seat. The model "B" had two bucket seats, a longer hood and was geared higher to attain faster speeds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schacht (automobile)</span> Defunct US automobile manufacturer

Schacht was an American marque of automobiles and High-wheelers from 1904 to 1913, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Schacht Manufacturing Company, later renamed Schacht Motor Car Company produced over 9,000 automobiles. The company was reorganized as the G.A. Schacht Motor Truck Company in 1914 and production of trucks and fire trucks continued until 1938.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cole Motor Car Company</span> Car manufacturer

The Cole Motor Car Company was an early automobile maker based in Indianapolis, Indiana. Cole automobiles were built from 1908 until 1925. They were quality-built luxury cars. The make is a pioneer of the V8 engine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cunningham Car Company</span>

The Cunningham Car Company was a pioneering American production automobile manufacturer. Theirs was one of the earliest vehicles of the automotive age. Cunninghams were produced from 1896 to 1931 in Rochester, New York by James Cunningham, Son and Company who had been in the carriage manufacturing business since 1836.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glide (automobile)</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Glide automobile was an American automobile manufactured by the Bartholomew Company in Peoria Heights, Illinois beginning in 1902. Founded by John B. Bartholomew, the company continued to produce automobiles until 1920, when the company began manufacturing trucks for the Avery Company, of which Bartholomew was also president.

The Pierce Engine Company of Racine, Wisconsin, was the manufacturer of the brass era Pierce-Racine automobile. The company was founded in 1892 and produced automobiles from 1904 to 1910.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kansas City Motor Car Company</span> Defunct American motor vehicle manufacturer

The Kansas City Motor Car Company was a manufacturer of automobiles in the Sheffield neighborhood in Northeast Kansas City, Missouri from 1905 to 1909 and was one of the twenty now defunct automakers operating out of Kansas City in the early 20th century.

The Welch Motor Company was an American automobile company headquartered in Chelsea, Michigan. It began in 1901 and continued production of luxury vehicles until 1911 when it merged with General Motors.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Kimes, Beverly Rae; Clark Jr., Henry Austin (1996). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942 (3rd ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN   978-0-87341-428-9.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Wise, David Burgress (2000). The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Automobiles. Chartwell Books. ISBN   0-7858-1106-0.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Georgano, Nick (2001). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile (3 vol. ed.). Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. ISBN   1-57958-293-1.