Mount Kaukau

Mount Kaukau
Highest point
Elevation	445 m (1,460 ft)
Coordinates	41°13′53.29″S174°46′40.76″E / 41.2314694°S 174.7779889°E / -41.2314694; 174.7779889
Naming
Native name	Tarikākā (Māori)
Geography
Country	New Zealand
Region	Wellington

Mount Kaukau (Māori:  [kaʉkaʉ] ) ^[1] is a large hill in the northern suburbs of Wellington, New Zealand near Johnsonville, Khandallah and Ngaio. The summit is 445 metres above sea level and is the most visible high point in the Wellington landscape further accentuated by Wellington's main television transmitter mast, which stands 122m from the summit. The city, harbour and the Remutaka and Tararua Ranges can be seen from the summit. On a clear day Mt. Tapuae-o-Uenuku and the Kaikōura Ranges in the South Island may be seen, whilst northwest is the Porirua Basin and the Tasman Sea.

Name

The hill's original name Tarikākā means 'where the parrots rested' and is shared with the nearby settlement in Ngaio at the base of the mountain. ^[2] Before the clearing of the native totara forest on the slopes and general area, the native parrot kākā was common through the city. Over a hundred years later today, the population of kākā has begun to regenerate thanks mostly to the efforts at Zealandia, ^[3] and are becoming a more regular sight throughout the city and in the rejuvenating native forest on the slopes of Mount Kaukau.

Slopes and surrounding area

Much of the eastern 'city side' slopes of Mount Kaukau make up Khandallah Park, which is one of the oldest parks in New Zealand, established in 1888 and then registered as a domain in 1909. ^[4] Khandallah Park has more than 60 hectares of native forest. Native birds such as the kererū, tūī and New Zealand fantail are common sights when walking through the native forest. Stumps of the old totara trees can also be seen walking through the first lower parts of the forest. In mid 2017 an old bunker off Woodmancote Road, at the base of Mount Kaukau, was rediscovered after it had been sealed off and forgotten many years previously. ^[5] The bunker in an 'H' shape, had been built for Royal New Zealand Signals Corps in 1942. Due to poor construction the bunker was very leaky and was never used. Mount Kaukau forms part of the Northern Skyline track from Johnsonville to Karori and Makara.

Panoramic view from Mt Kaukau over Wellington harbour

Recreation

Khandallah Park has 9 kilometres of walking tracks allowing access to the peak of Mt Kaukau from Khandallah, Johnsonville, Ngaio and Crofton Downs. Some tracks are also open to mountain biking and e-biking.

• 
  View of Northern Walkway (descending Mt Kaukau)
• 
  View of Matiu / Somes Island from Mt Kaukau track
• 
  View of Miramar Peninsula from Mt Kaukau track

Transmitter

Close-up of the Mount Kaukau television transmitter in 2008.

The 122-metre Mount Kaukau television transmitter was built in 1965 to transmit television channel WNTV1 offering improved coverage over the channel's previous transmitter at Mount Victoria. ^{[6] [7]} Today it is the main television and FM radio transmitter for the Wellington metropolitan area.

In May 2022, Kordia removed the top 18 metres of the aerial, as the section was redundant following the end of analogue television broadcast. ^[8]

The UHF TV antennas are located 93 metres up the tower, while the FM radio antennas are located 65 metres up the tower. ^[9]

Transmission frequencies

The following table contains television and radio frequencies currently operating at Mount Kaukau: ^{[10] [9]}

TV Channel	Transmit Channel	Transmit Frequency	Band	Power (kW)
Kordia digital	28	530.00 MHz	UHF	40
Sky digital	30	546.00 MHz	UHF
Discovery NZ digital	32	562.00 MHz	UHF
TVNZ digital	34	578.00 MHz	UHF
Kordia digital	36	594.00 MHz	UHF
Māori Television digital	38	610.00 MHz	UHF
Radio Station	Transmit Channel	Transmit Frequency	Band	Power (kW)
Newstalk ZB		89.3 MHz	VHF	40
The Hits		90.1 MHz	VHF	40
ZM		90.9 MHz	VHF	80
The Edge		91.7 MHz	VHF	80
RNZ Concert		92.5 MHz	VHF	80
Radio Hauraki		93.3 MHz	VHF	40
The Breeze		94.1 MHz	VHF	40
Atiawa Toa FM		94.9 MHz	VHF	5
Coast		95.7 MHz	VHF	40
The Rock		96.5 MHz	VHF	16
The Sound		97.3 MHz	VHF	16
Magic		98.9 MHz	VHF	16
More FM		99.7 MHz	VHF	40
Mai FM		100.5 MHz	VHF	16
Radio New Zealand National		101.3 MHz	VHF	8
PMN 531		103.7 MHz	VHF	8
to be determined		104.5 MHz	VHF	8
Radio Tarana		105.3 MHz	VHF	2
Wellington Access Radio		106.1 MHz	VHF	2.5

Former analogue television frequencies

The following frequencies were used until 29 September 2013, when Kaukau switched off analogue broadcasts (see Digital changeover dates in New Zealand).

TV Channel	Transmit Channel	Transmit Frequency	Band	Power (kW)
TV One	1	45.25 MHz	VHF	100
Four	2	55.25 MHz	VHF	10
TV2	5	182.25 MHz	VHF	200
TV3	11	224.25 MHz	VHF	200
Māori Television	44	655.25 MHz	UHF	200
Prime	60	783.25 MHz	UHF	200

Kaukau Challenge

Every year Khandallah School, which is at the base of Mount Kaukau, organises a fun walk / fun run from the school to the summit and back, called the Kaukau Challenge. The Kaukau Challenge has been an annual event since 2006 with about 500 people taking part each year.^{[ who? ]}

Snowfall of 2011

In mid-August 2011, two Wellington men, Nick Fone and Daniel McFadyen claimed to be the first people to ski and snowboard down Mount Kaukau when they took advantage of the unusual weather pattern delivering snow to most parts of the North Island. ^[11] As Wellington has a temperate climate, snow down to near sea level is extremely rare, happening less often than once every 15 years.

References

1. "kaukau – Māori Dictionary". maoridictionary.co.nz. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
2. "Wellington places – Northern suburbs – Mt Kaukau". Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. March 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
3. "Zealandia ends its monitoring of kaka numbers as population thrives". Stuff.co.nz. April 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
4. "Skyline Track – Khandallah Park" (PDF). Wellington City Council. October 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
5. "Revealed: the wartime communications bunker hidden in Wellington bush". Stuff.co.nz. August 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
6. "Skyline Track via Johnsonville and Karori" (PDF). Wellington City Council. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
7. "Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)". Vol. 351. New Zealand Parliament. 28 June 1967. p. 1394.
8. Gourley, Sophie Cornish and Erin (24 May 2022). "Eighteen metres of Wellington's highest point carried away by helicopter". Stuff. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
9. The Register of Radio Frequencies Retrieved 30 March 2023
10. "New Zealand Television Tramsmission Stations in Operation – North Island" (PDF). Kordia. March 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
11. "Midnight run at Mt Kaukau". Stuff.co.nz. August 2011. Retrieved 8 October 2017.