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Low Prussian, sometimes known simply as Prussian (Preußisch), is a moribund dialect of Northern Low German that developed in East Prussia. Low Prussian was spoken in East and West Prussia and Danzig up to 1945. In Danzig it formed the particular city dialect of Danzig German. It developed on a Baltic substrate through the influx of Dutch- and Low German-speaking immigrants. It supplanted Old Prussian, which became extinct in the 18th century.
East Franconian or Mainfränkisch, usually referred to as Franconian in German, is a dialect which is spoken in Franconia, the northern part of the federal state of Bavaria and other areas in Germany around Nuremberg, Bamberg, Coburg, Würzburg, Hof, Bayreuth, Meiningen, Bad Mergentheim, and Crailsheim. The major subgroups are Unterostfränkisch, Oberostfränkisch and Südostfränkisch.
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Thuringian is an East Central German dialect group spoken in much of the modern German Free State of Thuringia north of the Rennsteig ridge, southwestern Saxony-Anhalt and adjacent territories of Hesse and Bavaria. It is close to Upper Saxon spoken mainly in the state of Saxony, therefore both are also regarded as one Thuringian-Upper Saxon dialect group. Thuringian dialects are among the Central German dialects with the highest number of speakers.
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Samlandic was a Low Prussian dialect of Low German. It was divided into Ostsamländisch and Westsamländisch. Both were from East Prussia.
Westkäslausch was a Low Prussian dialect spoken in East Prussia, Germany.
Nehrungisch is a subdialect of Low Prussian, belonging to the Low German language variety. It was spoken in East Prussia and West Prussia, in the region around the Vistula Spit near Danzig. The easternmost locality where this variety was spoken was Narmeln, and it was spoken from Narmeln to Krakau (Krakowiec).
Werdersch is a subdialect of Low Prussian, which itself is a subdialect of Low German. This dialect is spoken in Poland and was spoken in the former province of West Prussia. Werdersch is closely related to Nehrungisch and Plautdietsch.
The Vistulan dialect was a dialect of Low Prussian, which belongs to Low German. The dialect was spoken in West Prussia around Zarnowitzer See, Danzig and Graudenz. It had a border to Mundart der Weichselwerder.
References
- ↑ Walther Ziesemer, Die ostpreußischen Mundarten. Proben und Darstellung, Ferdinand Hirt, Breslau 1924, p. 125 and 129 in the section 6. Das Niederpreußische
- ↑ Walther Ziesemer, Die ostpreußischen Mundarten, Ferdinand Hirt, Breslau, 1924, p. 137 (map Die ostpreußischen Mundarten)
- ↑ Bense, Gertrud; Kozianka, Maria; Meinhold, Gottfried, eds. (1995). Deutsch-Litauische Kulturbeziehungen (PDF). Universitätsverlag Druckhaus Mayer Jena. ISBN 3925978380.
- ↑ Walther Mitzka. Kleine Schriften. Walter de Gruyter & Co., 1968, p. 298
- ↑ Walther Ziesemer, Die ostpreußischen Mundarten, Ferdinand Hirt, Breslau, 1924, p. 129
- ↑ Walther Ziesemer, Die ostpreußischen Mundarten, Ferdinand Hirt, Breslau, 1924, p. 132
- ↑ Walther Mitzka. Kleine Schriften zur Sprachgeschichte und Sprachgeographie. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1968, p. 324
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