Navesink Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian | |
Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Monmouth Group |
Underlies | Sandy Hook Formation, New Egypt Formation |
Overlies | Mount Laurel Formation |
Location | |
Coordinates | 39°48′N75°12′W / 39.8°N 75.2°W |
Approximate paleocoordinates | 40°12′N50°18′W / 40.2°N 50.3°W |
Region | New Jersey |
Country | United States |
Type section | |
Named for | Navesink, New Jersey |
The Navesink Formation is a 66 to 70 mya greensand glauconitic marl and sand geological formation in New Jersey. It is known for its Cretaceous period fossil shell beds and dinosaur bones. [1]
The Navesink Formation, named after Navesink, New Jersey, is typically found above the Mount Laurel Formation and under the Red Bank Formation. There is a 5 mya gap between the Navesink and Mount Laurel Formations. [2] The Navesink varies in depth from 45 feet (14 m) to 65 feet (20 m) across its range from Sandy Hook to Pennsville. [3] [4]
The Navesink has the highest radon gas potential of the New Jersey geologic [5] formations.
There are several locations where the Navesink Formation is visible including Poricy Park in Middletown, New Jersey which has several exposures along Poricy Brook. There is also exposure in Big Brook Park in Marlboro, NJ.
Color key
| Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Hadrosaurus is a genus of hadrosaurid ornithopod dinosaurs that lived in North America during the Late Cretaceous Period in what is now the Woodbury Formation in New Jersey about 83.6 to 77.9 Ma. The holotype specimen was found in fluvial marine sedimentation, meaning that the corpse of the animal was transported by a river and washed out to sea. Some fossils are found in the Tar Heel/Coachman Formation.
Appalachiosaurus is a genus of tyrannosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period of what is now eastern North America. It was a basal member of the Eutyrannosauria clade meaning it was rather close in relation to the true tyrannosaurids such as Tyrannosaurus. Like most theropods, it was a bipedal predator. Only a juvenile skeleton has been found, representing an animal approximately 6.5 metres (21 ft) long and weighing 623 kilograms (1,373 lb), with sutures in the skull that were still juvenile, which indicates an adult would have been significantly larger.
Tyrannosauroidea is a superfamily of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that includes the family Tyrannosauridae as well as more basal relatives. Tyrannosauroids lived on the Laurasian supercontinent beginning in the Jurassic Period. By the end of the Cretaceous Period, tyrannosauroids were the dominant large predators in the Northern Hemisphere, culminating in the gigantic Tyrannosaurus. Fossils of tyrannosauroids have been recovered on what are now the continents of North America, Europe and Asia, with fragmentary remains possibly attributable to tyrannosaurs also known from South America and Australia.
Dryptosaurus is a genus of eutyrannosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived on the island continent of Appalachia approximately 67.6 million years ago during the end of the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous period. Dryptosaurus was a large, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore that could grow up to 7.5 metres (25 ft) long and weigh up to 756–1,500 kilograms (1,667–3,307 lb). Although it is now largely unknown outside of academic circles, the famous 1897 painting of the genus by Charles R. Knight made Dryptosaurus one of the more widely known dinosaurs of its time, in spite of its poor fossil record. First described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1866 and later renamed by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1877, Dryptosaurus is among the first theropod dinosaurs ever known to science.
"Coelosaurus" antiquus is a dubious species of theropod dinosaurs. It was named by Joseph Leidy in 1865 for two tibiae found in the Navesink Formation of New Jersey.
Hypsibema is an extinct genus of very large basal hadrosauroid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of eastern North America. The type species is H. crassicauda, with a potential second species in H. missouriensis. Most remains of H. crassicauda, including the type specimen, are known from the Tar Heel Formation of North Carolina, in addition to some remains known from the Marshalltown Formation of New Jersey.
Santanaraptor is a genus of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Early Cretaceous, about 112 million years ago.
The Arundel Formation, also known as the Arundel Clay, is a clay-rich sedimentary rock formation, within the Potomac Group, found in Maryland of the United States of America. It dates to the Early Cretaceous, and is of late Aptian or early Albian age. This rock unit had been economically important as a source of iron ore, but is now more notable for its dinosaur fossils. It is named for Anne Arundel County, Maryland.
The Kanguk Formation is a geological formation in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.
The Moreno Hill Formation is a geological formation in western New Mexico whose strata were deposited in the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The age of the formation is dated between approximately 90.9 to 88.6 million years ago based on detrital zircons.
The Merchantville Formation is a geological formation in the northeastern United States whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous, around the time of the Santonian and Campanian age. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.
The Mooreville Chalk is a geological formation in North America, within the U.S. states of Alabama and Mississippi, which were part of the subcontinent of Appalachia. The strata date back to the early Santonian to the early Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The chalk was formed by pelagic sediments deposited along the eastern edge of the Mississippi embayment. It is a unit of the Selma Group and consists of the upper Arcola Limestone Member and an unnamed lower member. Dinosaur, mosasaur, and primitive bird remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the Mooreville Chalk Formation.
The Donoho Creek Formation is a Mesozoic geologic formation in South Carolina. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.
The Raritan Formation is a Cretaceous (Turonian) sedimentary geologic formation of the Atlantic Coastal Plain.
The Marshalltown Formation is a Late Cretaceous (Campanian)-aged geologic formation in New Jersey and Delaware, US. Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. It contains the most extensive Campanian-aged dinosaur fauna from New Jersey and Delaware.
The Mount Laurel Formation is a Mesozoic geologic formation located in New Jersey and Delaware. Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. Dinosaur teeth recovered from this formation include tyrannosauroid teeth similar to those of Dryptosaurus, as well as teeth from a ~3-4m saurornitholestine dromaeosaurid. Other fossils include: Belemnites in the genus Belemnitella, Oysters such as Exogyra and Pycnodonte, and rare mosasaur, turtle, and plesiosaur remains.
The Hornerstown Formation is a latest Cretaceous to early Paleocene-aged geologic formation in New Jersey. It preserves a variety of fossil remains, including those of dinosaurs, and contains direct evidence of the mass mortality that occurred at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.
During most of the Late Cretaceous the eastern half of North America formed Appalachia, an island land mass separated from Laramidia to the west by the Western Interior Seaway. This seaway had split North America into two massive landmasses due to a multitude of factors such as tectonism and sea-level fluctuations for nearly 40 million years. The seaway eventually expanded, divided across the Dakotas, and by the end of the Cretaceous, it retreated towards the Gulf of Mexico and the Hudson Bay.
The New Egypt Formation is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation of the Monmouth Group in New Jersey, United States.
The Tar Heel Formation, also known as the Coachman Formation in South Carolina, is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA. It preserves fossils, including amber dating back to the Cretaceous period. A locality known as Phoebus Landing, has been dated to 78.5-77.1 Ma, and the formation has been overall dated to the early Campanian based on fossil pollen.
navesink formation.
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