The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal and one of the oldest of its kind. It is also one of the world's highest-impact academic journals. It was founded in England in 1823.
An advance market commitment (AMC) is a promise to buy or subsidise a product if it is successfully developed. AMCs are typically offered by governments or private foundations to encourage the development of vaccines or treatments. In exchange,pharmaceutical companies commit to providing doses at a fixed price. This funding mechanism is used when the cost of research and development is too high to be worthwhile for the private sector without a guarantee of a certain quantity of purchases.
Global health is the health of populations in a worldwide context;it has been defined as "the area of study,research,and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide". Problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact are often emphasized. Thus,global health is about worldwide health improvement,reduction of disparities,and protection against global threats that disregard national borders,including the most common causes of human death and years of life lost from a global perspective.
The Expanded Programme on Immunization is a global health initiative launched by the World Health Organization in May 1974,with the aim to make vaccines available to all globally
Seth Franklin Berkley is an American medical epidemiologist and a global advocate of the power of vaccines. He is the founder and former president and CEO of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) and former CEO of Gavi,the Vaccine Alliance. He is currently a senior advisor to the Pandemic Center at Brown University School of Public Health.
Christopher J.L. Murray is an American physician,health economist,and global health researcher. He is a professor at the University of Washington in Seattle,where he is Chair of Health Metrics Science and the director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).
The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) is a public health research institute of the University of Washington in Seattle. Its research fields are global health statistics and impact evaluation.
Sir Alimuddin Zumla,,FRCP,FRCPath,FRSB is a British-Zambian professor of infectious diseases and international health at University College London Medical School. He specialises in infectious and tropical diseases,clinical immunology,and internal medicine,with a special interest in HIV/AIDS,respiratory infections,and diseases of poverty. He is known for his leadership of infectious/tropical diseases research and capacity development activities. He was awarded a Knighthood in the 2017 Queens Birthday Honours list for services to public health and protection from infectious disease. In 2012,he was awarded Zambia's highest civilian honour,the Order of the Grand Commander of Distinguished services - First Division. In 2023,for the sixth consecutive year,Zumla was recognised by Clarivate Analytics,Web of Science as one of the world's top 1% most cited researchers. In 2021 Sir Zumla was elected as Fellow of The World Academy of Sciences.
Salim S. Abdool Karim,MBChB,MMed,MS(Epi),FFPHM,FFPath (Virol),DipData,PhD,DSc(hc),FRS is a South African public health physician,epidemiologist and virologist who has played a leading role in the AIDS and COVID-19 pandemic. His scientific contributions have impacted the landscape of HIV prevention and treatment,saving thousands of lives.
Soumya Swaminathan is an Indian paediatrician and clinical scientist known for her research on tuberculosis and HIV. From 2019 to 2022,she served as the chief scientist at the World Health Organization under the leadership of Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. Previously,from October 2017 to March 2019,she was the Deputy Director General of Programmes (DDP) at the World Health Organization.
Robert Michael Hecht is an American global health policy and financing expert. Hecht is currently Founder and President of Pharos Global Health Advisors. He has previously held positions with the World Bank,UNAIDS,the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative,and Results for Development Institute. He serves as a lecturer at Yale University’s Jackson Institute for Global Affairs and is a clinical professor at the Yale School of Public Health. He has published on a range of topics in global health and development,with a special focus on the economics,financing,and policies for infectious diseases,nutrition,and broader health system reform. He has been an advisor to the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR),the World Health Organization,and UNITAID. Hecht holds a BA from Yale and a PhD from Cambridge University.
Devi Lalita Sridhar FRSE is an American public health researcher,who is both professor and chair of global public health at the University of Edinburgh,Scotland. Her research considers the effectiveness of public health interventions and how to improve developmental assistance for health. Sridhar directs the University of Edinburgh's Global Health Governance Programme which she established in 2014.
Jocalyn Clark is a Canadian Public Health Scientist and the International Editor of The BMJ, with responsibility for strategy and internationalising the journal's content,contributors and coverage. From 2016 to 2022,Jocalyn was an Executive Editor at The Lancet,where she led the Commentary section,coordinated peer review,and edited and delivered collections of articles and Commissions on topics such as maternal and child health,oral health,migration,end of life care and gender equity. She led the Lancet's project to advance women in science,medicine,and global health,#LancetWomen. She is also an adjunct professor of Medicine at the University of Toronto and an Honorary Associate Professor at the Institute for Global Health at UCL.
Michael Joseph Ryan is an Irish epidemiologist and former trauma surgeon,specialising in infectious disease and public health. He is executive director of the World Health Organization's Health Emergencies Programme,leading the team responsible for the international containment and treatment of COVID-19. Ryan has held leadership positions and has worked on various outbreak response teams in the field to eradicate the spread of diseases including bacillary dysentery,cholera,Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever,Ebola,Marburg virus disease,measles,meningitis,relapsing fever,Rift Valley fever,SARS,and Shigellosis.
The Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator,or the Global Collaboration to Accelerate the Development,Production and Equitable Access to New COVID-19 diagnostics,therapeutics and vaccines,is a G20 initiative announced by pro-tem Chair Mohammed al-Jadaan on 24 April 2020. A call to action was published simultaneously by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 24 April. As of January 2022,it was the largest international effort to achieve equitable access to COVID-19 health technologies.
Helena Legido-Quigley is a Spanish public health researcher who is an associate professor in Health Systems at Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health at the National University of Singapore. She serves as an associate fellow of Chatham House and is a member of the Council of the World Economic Forum. She is editor-in-chief of Elsevier's Journal of Migration and Health.
The Vaccine Confidence Project (VCP) founded in 2010 by Heidi Larson,was developed in response to hesitancy and misinformation on vaccination programmes such as those that caused a boycott of polio eradication efforts in Northern Nigeria in 2003–04. It is an early warning system to identify and evaluate public confidence in vaccines,with the purpose of tackling the problem early,when it is likely to be manageable.
Shabir Ahmed Madhi,is a South African physician who is professor of vaccinology and director of the South African Medical Research Council Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit at the University of the Witwatersrand,and National Research Foundation/Department of Science and Technology Research Chair in Vaccine Preventable Diseases. In January 2021,he was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand.
Gavin Mark Yamey is a British-American physician and global health researcher. He is the director of the Center for Policy Impact in Global Health at Duke University and a professor of the practice of global health and public policy.
Madhukar Pai is an Indian medical doctor,academic,advocate,writer,and university professor. Pai's work is around global health,specifically advocacy for better treatment for tuberculosis with a focus on South Africa and India. Pai is the inaugural Chair of the Department of Global and Public Health in the School of Population and Global Health and holds a Canada Research Chair in Epidemiology and Global Health at McGill University.
