Genus (gens) Németi | |
---|---|
Country | Kingdom of Hungary |
Dissolution | 14th century |
Cadet branches | House of Istvánffy |
Németi (Nemty or Nempty) was the name of a minor gens (Latin for "clan"; nemzetség in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary, which possessed lands in the southern parts of Transdanubia, mainly Baranya and Valkó counties. The prestigious Istvánffy family descended from this clan.
The ancient seat of the kindred was Németi (present-day a borough of Szalánta) which laid south to Pécs in Baranya County. It is possible that Nemetin near Osijek, Croatia perpetuated also the name of the clan. [1]
The first known member of the kindred was Endre (Hendre), who served as ispán of Valkó County in 1240. [2] He married an unidentified daughter of a certain Bökény. In that year, Endre represented his father-in-law in a lawsuit for the estates Heyreh and Luder in Valkó County. [3]
During the first Mongol invasion of Hungary, brothers James (I) and Ambrose fought against the Mongols. Both of them escorted the fleeing Béla IV of Hungary to the Dalmatian coast following the disastrous Battle of Mohi in April 1241. James (also known as Abosk) was killed in one of clashes in 1242, which occurred amidst the withdrawal of Mongols from Hungary. Béla IV donated a portion in Vajszló in Baranya County to Ambrose for their loyalty and military service in 1244, separating the land from the accessories of the fort of Kovászd (Quazd). [3]
Nicholas (I), the son of Ambrose requested the confirmation of this donation letter from Duke Stephen, co-ruler of the kingdom, in 1268. Nicholas and his brother James (II) participated in the Bohemian–Hungarian War in 1273. As a result, Ladislaus IV of Hungary also confirmed their right of ownership over Vajszló in that year. Upon the request of James (II), Andrew III of Hungary also confirmed the donation in 1295. [3] The Németi clan was involved in a lengthy lawsuit over Vajszló against the Dominican nunnery of Rabbits' Island, lasted from 1295 to 1384. [4]
James (II) sued his relatives, Hector and Csák (see below), for partly the dower of his late mother. In 1296, the parties settled their relationship, Hector and Csák handed over their estates in Zselizkeresztúr (north of Szigetvár), Szentgál, Vajszló and Raven to James, who was also mentioned as a neighboring landowner near Geresd in 1312. [3] By that time, James became a familiaris of John Kőszegi, who dominated southern Transdanubia de facto independently of the king. In this capacity, he functioned as vice-ispán of Baranya County in the 1310s. [5] His three sons were Ladislaus, John and Nicholas (II). The former acted as oath taker for Peter Siklósi (from the gens Kán) during a lawsuit in 1330. John acted as an arbiter in the litigation process between the Siklósi and Dersfi families in 1355. [3] James (III), the son of Nicholas (II) took the litigation for Vajszló against the Dominican nuns from 1360 to 1384. [6]
John, son of Stephen from the Németi kindred served as vice-ispán of Baranya County in 1404 and vice-ispán of Valkó County in 1405, as a familiaris of John Maróti. [7]
Hilary, the first known member of this branch is known only by name. His son Arnót or Arnold (I) was granted the portion in Fülöp (or Fülöpfölde) near Sárok by King Ladislaus IV in 1280. The estate previously belonged to the property of Arnold's brother-in-law Benedict, who died without descendants. In exchange for the estate, Arnold (I) had to pay the dower to his unidentified sister. Along with several other nobles in the region, he acted as an arbiter in a lawsuit regarding Šag (Ság) in 1296. He mediated the aforementioned reconciliation between his relatives James (II) and the sons of Herbord in the same year. His son Benedict and his grandson Paul sold the estate Fülöp to a Cuman chieftain Kurgona in 1320. [6]
According to historian Pál Engel, the Kisasszonyfalvi (or Boldogasszonyfalvi) family, from which the prestigious Istvánffy (Istvánfi) family originates, came from the Németi clan. They took their name after present-day Kisasszonyfa in Baranya County. [8]
Ugrin (III) from the kindred Csák was a prominent Hungarian baron and oligarch in the early 14th century. He was born into an ancient Hungarian clan. He actively participated in the various internal conflicts during the era of feudal anarchy since the reign of Ladislaus IV of Hungary. He held various dignities in the royal court in the 1270s. Simultaneously, he established a province surrounding his centre Syrmia in the southern parts of the kingdom.
Csák was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary.
Győr was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary. The ancestor of the kindred was a German knight, who arrived to Hungary in the first half of the 11th century. His descendants settled down in Transdanubia. The last scion of the family died in the 17th century.
Rátót was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary. According to Simon of Kéza and other chroniclers, the ancestors of the clan were Italians from Caserta, Naples, by name Rathold and Oliver, who settled down in Hungary around 1097 during the reign of Coloman, King of Hungary. They came to Hungary alongside Felicia of Sicily.
Matthew (II) from the kindred Csák was a powerful Hungarian baron, landowner and military leader, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Béla IV, Stephen V and Ladislaus IV. He was the first notable member of the Trencsén branch of the gens ("clan") Csák. His nephew and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his uncles' acquisitions, became the de facto ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories.
Nicholas from the kindred Pok was a Hungarian influential lord in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. He held positions in the royal court in the 1270s. He acquired extensive landholdings and estates in the area between the rivers Tisza and Szamos (Someș). He was among the so-called oligarchs, who ruled de facto independently their dominion during the era of feudal anarchy. He was also ancestor of the Meggyesi noble family, thus later charters also referred to him as Nicholas Meggyesi.
Finta from the kindred Aba was a Hungarian lord in the Kingdom of Hungary, who served as Palatine of Hungary from 1280 to 1281. He is best known for capturing King Ladislaus IV of Hungary in early 1280.
Atyusz was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary, several prominent secular dignitaries came from this kindred.
Hahót or Hahót–Buzád was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary, several prominent secular dignitaries came from this kindred. The last noble family, which originated from the kindred, became extinct in 1849.
Atyusz from the kindred Hahót was a Hungarian noble, who served as ispán of several counties in the second half of the 13th century. He was also the ancestor of the Szabari noble family.
Péc or Pécz was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary. The powerful and illustrious Marcali and Apponyi noble families descended from this kindred. The clan had large-scale possessions in several counties of Transdanubia, in addition to Slavonia and other parts of the Kingdom of Hungary.
Budmér was the name of a minor gens in the Kingdom of Hungary, which possessed lands in Southern Transdanubia, mostly Baranya County.
Dominic from the kindred Csák was a Hungarian lord in the 13th century. Initially, he was a confidant of rex iunior Stephen, but later joined the partisans of the elderly Béla IV of Hungary. During the era of feudal anarchy, he served as a courtier of Queen Dowager Elizabeth the Cuman.
Emeric from the kindred Csák was a Hungarian lord in the 13th century, who served as ispán of Somogy County from 1272 to 1273.
Tétény was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary. Initially having roots in Central Hungary, they mostly possessed lands beyond the river Drava in the territory of Slavonia. The kinship reached its peak in the first third of the 13th century. The noble Pekri family descended from this clan.
Peter (II) from the kindred Tétény was a Hungarian baron in the second half of the 13th century, who served as Ban of Slavonia three times. He was a faithful confidant of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary in his fight against the oligarchic domains. Peter was forefather of the Pekri noble family.
The Tibai or Tibay family was a noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary, which possessed lands mostly in Ung and Szatmár counties. The family originated from the Nagymihály branch of the ancient Hungarian gens (clan) Kaplon. The illustrious Sztáray family is a cadet branch of the Tibais.
Szolnok (Zounuk) was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary. The founder of the clan was the 11th-century royal official Szolnok, about whom Szolnok County, becoming its first ispán, was named. Beside that region, his descendants acquired lands Nógrád, Fejér and Baranya counties too.
Lőrinte or Lőrente was the name of a gens in the Kingdom of Hungary, which possessed lands in Transdanubia, mainly Veszprém and Zala counties. The Essegvári and Bezerédj families descended from this clan.
Negol (Nygol) was the name of a minor gens in the Kingdom of Hungary, which possessed lands in the southern parts of Transdanubia, mainly Baranya County.