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The Okehampton–Bude line was a railway line built to serve Holsworthy in Devon, and Bude on the Cornish coast near the Devon border in England. The line branched from the main line at Meldon Junction to the west of Okehampton on the northern edge of Dartmoor. The line opened in 1879 to Holsworthy and in 1898 to Bude. It is now closed.
The Bude branch diverged from the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) main line from Exeter to Plymouth at Meldon Junction ( 50°42′40″N4°02′43″W / 50.7111°N 4.0454°W ), and ran to Bude ( 50°49′30″N4°32′35″W / 50.8249°N 4.5430°W ) by way of Halwill and Holsworthy. It crossed hilly terrain which was largely agricultural and sparsely populated. When the line was constructed it ran from Meldon Junction to Holsworthy.
The line was extended to Bude on the Atlantic coast of Cornwall south of Hartland Point. The railway brought Bude prosperity as a watering place, and in the closing decades of the 19th century it became a holiday destination.
In 1871 the Devon and Cornwall Railway reached Okehampton, giving access to the eastern network via Exeter. In 1874 the company extended its line to Lydford to access Plymouth over the Great Western Railway (GWR) branch line skirting the west of Dartmoor. A third rail was laid on the broad gauge GWR line to give the standard gauge trains access. The Devon and Cornwall line was leased and operated by the LSWR, but never owned by it.
On 20 January 1879 the LSWR opened a branch line to Holsworthy diverging from the Lydford line at Meldon Junction. At that time Bude was a small harbour town, and although it was proposed to extend the branch to the town, the LSWR did not consider it important enough to justify the cost. [1] A coach service operated from Holsworthy station to Bude, a distance of ten miles.
In the following 19 years, Bude became a regional centre and seaside holidays gained in importance. On 10 August 1898 the line was extended to Bude. The neighbouring inland town of Stratton was considered by its residents to be more important and according to Wroe [1] the station at Bude stopped short of the town centre to appease Stratton. A wharf siding line extended from near the station to the tidal harbour. [2]
Having reached Bude the LSWR encouraged growth of holiday passenger traffic and marketed Bude as a destination. The journey from London and the Midlands was long and although Bude developed, it never challenged the South Devon seaside towns.
Before the arrival of the railway, sea sand from Bude was used to improve the agricultural qualities of land, as it was rich in minerals, particularly lime. It was carried by the Bude Canal, and was its primary traffic. When the railway opened to Holsworthy, sand was conveyed from Bude to Stanbury Wharf by canal, and then carted a mile to Holsworthy station for onward conveyance by train. In the last decade of the 19th century, artificial fertilisers became available and brought in to the district by train and the canal fell into disuse. [3]
In 1925 the North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway opened, connecting Halwill and Torrington. From that date, Halwill signal box may have been the most complex all-single-line junction in the country[ dubious ], with single line operation from the Okehampton direction, onwards towards Wadebridge and Bude, and northwards towards Torrington.
The area was a major producer of meat which was transported to London and the Midlands cities. However the sparse population and lengthy and slow railway journey via Okehampton and Crediton, and the increases in car ownership and road lorry usage in the 1950s meant that traffic on the line declined.
The area served by the line was sparsely populated—Mitchell [4] records that fewer than seven tickets a day were sold at Ashbury in 1936—and passenger numbers declined steadily, especially when private car ownership became commonplace. The line closed on 1 October 1966 although it was already omitted from the Western Region timetable commencing 18 April 1966 as it has been expected to close before then, along with the route from Halwill to Wadebridge.
In January 2019, Campaign for Better Transport released a report identifying the line was listed as Priority 2 for reopening. Priority 2 is for those lines which require further development or a change in circumstances (such as housing developments). [5]
From Meldon Junction:
Halwill was originally Halwill & Beaworthy; from March 1887 it was Halwill Junction, and finally Halwill from 1 January 1923. The station nameboard continued to be worded "Halwill for Beaworthy, Junction for Bude, North Cornwall and Torrington Lines" [4] [6]
Col Cobb shows a first station at Holsworthy and a second station to the east, replacing the first. This is misleading; when the line was extended from Holsworthy to Bude, re-location of sidings was necessary, but the station and the passenger platforms, remained in their original position.
There was an engine shed at Holsworthy until either 1911 or 1915. [4]
At Bude, a long siding branch ran to the Wharf. A 4-feet gauge plateway ran on the wharf, from 1823 until 1923; it was relaid as a 2-feet gauge railway operated with horses from 1924 until 1942. The Wharf Branch closed in September 1964, after being used for rolling stock storage at busy times. [4]
In summer 1958, [7] seven stopping trains operated from Monday to Friday between Okehampton and Bude; one conveyed through coaches from London Waterloo. The Atlantic Coast Express, a through train from Waterloo at 10:35, ran non-stop from Exeter St Davids to Halwill and called at Holsworthy arriving at Bude at 15:25. Most trains conveyed through coaches to Padstow, usually marshalled in front of the Bude coaches in the down direction. The portions were divided at Halwill.
On summer Saturdays, the same seven stopping trains operated and three of them conveyed through coaches from Waterloo. The Atlantic Coast Express had a similar stopping pattern but left Waterloo at 10:35 and arrived in Bude at 15:45.
On Sundays three trains ran each way in summer only, although before 1958 there had only been one.
Bus connections were advertised to connect with the long-distance train services, from Bude to Widemouth Bay, Stratton and Marhamchurch, operated by Southern National.
The line was transferred from the Southern Region of British Railways to the Western Region in the early sixties and train services were progressively run down after that. The last Atlantic Coast express to and from London Waterloo, which by then had been confined to summer Saturdays only, ran on 5 September 1964. The Western Region timetable for 1965 included a summer Saturday service to and from London Paddington, which last ran on 4 September 1965.
The London and South Western Railway was a railway company in England from 1838 to 1922. Starting as the London and Southampton Railway, its network extended from London to Plymouth via Salisbury and Exeter, with branches to Ilfracombe and Padstow and via Southampton to Bournemouth and Weymouth. It also had many routes connecting towns in Hampshire and Berkshire, including Portsmouth and Reading. In the grouping of railways in 1923 the LSWR amalgamated with other railways to create the Southern Railway.
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The Atlantic Coast Express (ACE) is an express passenger train in England that has operated at various times between London and seaside resorts in the South West England. It is currently operated as a summer only service by Great Western Railway between London Paddington and Newquay.
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The North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway was a railway built to serve numerous ball clay pits that lay in the space between the London and South Western Railway's Torrington branch, an extension of the North Devon Railway group, and Halwill, an important rural junction on the North Cornwall Railway and its Okehampton to Bude Line.
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The North Cornwall Railway was a railway line running from Halwill in Devon to Padstow in Cornwall via Launceston, Camelford and Wadebridge, a distance of 49 miles 67 chains. Opened in the last decade of the nineteenth century, it was part of a drive by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) to develop holiday traffic to Cornwall. The LSWR had opened a line connecting Exeter with Holsworthy in 1879, and by encouraging the North Cornwall Railway it planned to create railway access to previously inaccessible parts of the northern coastal area.
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Halwill Junction Railway Station was a railway station in Halwill Junction, near the villages of Halwill and Beaworthy in Devon, England. It opened in 1879 and formed an important junction between the now-closed Bude Branch and North Cornwall line. It closed in 1966 along with the lines which it served, a casualty of the Beeching Report.
Bude railway station was the western terminus of the Bude Branch. It was opened in 1898 by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) to serve the coastal town of Bude and closed in 1966 after having been proposed for closure in the Beeching Report.
Holsworthy was a railway station in Devon, England, on the now-closed railway line from Okehampton to Bude. It opened in 1879 to serve the market town of Holsworthy and closed in 1966, a victim of the Beeching Axe.
Dunsland Cross was a railway station on the Bude Branch that closed in 1966. Dunsland Cross station in the parish of Holsworthy was 6 miles East of the village, now town of Holsworthy. The station was opened in 1879 by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) when Holsworthy station was the terminus of the line, some years before the route to serve the coastal town of Bude was finally opened in 1898.
Whitstone and Bridgerule was a railway station on the Bude Branch that closed in 1966. The station was opened in 1898 by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) when the line was extended from Holsworthy station to the new terminus of the line at Bude.
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