Opinion polling for the 2001 Polish parliamentary election

Last updated April 14, 2024

In the run up to the 2001 Polish parliamentary election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intention in Poland. Results of such polls are displayed in this article.

Sejm

2001

Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	SRP	PO	PiS	LPR	Others / Undecided	Lead
Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link											Others / Undecided	Lead
23 September 2001	Election results	5.6	41		3.1	9	w. LPR	10.2	12.7	9.5	7.9	1	28.3
19–20 September	TNS OBOP	5	46		3	11	-	9	14	7	5	-	32
18 September	TNS OBOP	4	43		4	12	-	9	15	7	5	1	28
17–18 September	OBW	6	45		3	10	-	7	14	9	5	1	31
September 2001	PBS	8	47		5	9	-	5	14	7	4	1	33
14–16 September	Pentor	4	51		3	7	-	8	13	9	4	1	38
13–16 September	CBOS	5	50		3	9	-	6	13	9	5	0	37
13–14 September	TNS OBOP	7	48		2	11	-	5	14	8	5	0	34
10–12 September	OBW	8	47		3	11	-	5	13	10	3	0	34
8–11 September	TNS OBOP	5	52		3	10	-	5	14	7	3	1	38
6–7 September	TNS OBOP	7	50		4	12	-	4	12	8	3	0	38
4 September	TNS OBOP	8	52		4	9	-	2	14	8	3	0	38
2–4 September	OBW	7	46		4	13	-	4	13	9	3	5	33
1–2 September	PBS	9	50		4	11	w. LPR	4	12	7	2	1	38
30 August	TNS OBOP	8	50		4	12	-	2	12	8	3	1	38
19–22 August	TNS OBOP	8	47		4	12	-	2	13	8	3	3	34
18–21 August	OBW	6	48		4	11	-	4	12	9	3	3	36
15–16 August	TNS OBOP	8	47		4	12	-	3	13	6	2	5	34
11–13 August	Pentor	7	52		4	13	-	3	12	6	3	3	39
10 August	Demoskop	7	56		6	9	-	3	11	6	1	1	45
8 August	PBBOUS	7.3	39.6		4.1	7.3	-	-	13.7	10.2	-	11.9	25.9
3–6 August	PBS	12	49		3	9	w. LPR	3	12	6	2	4	37
3–6 August	CBOS	5	50		4	10	-	1	14	10	1	3	36
2–5 August	TNS OBOP	7	47		4	14	-	2	12	7	1	7	33
26–29 July	TNS OBOP	7	46		4	12	1	1	13	7	1	8	33
26–28 July	OBW	9	46		4	11	-	3	15	9	2	1	31
20–23 July	PBS	12	52		4	8	-	2	12	5	2	3	40
19–22 July	TNS OBOP	10	47		4	13	-	2	14	6	1	3	33
7–9 July	TNS OBOP	6	44		5	15	-	2	16	7	1	3	28
6–9 July	CBOS	6	52		4	13	-	2	13	6	2	2	39
6–9 July	Demoskop	7	51		6	10	-	-	16	7	-	3	35
7–9 July	OBW	7	43		3	10	-	-	17	10	-	10	26
6–9 July	PBS	11	53		5	7	w. AWS	1	12	5	2	4	41
6–8 July	Pentor	10	50		4	12	-	-	14	5	-	5	36
25 June	Demoskop	9	53		5	7	-	-	14	6	-	6	39
23–25 June	TNS OBOP	5	45		3	11	-	4	18	8	-	6	27
22–24 June	Pentor	7	47		4	14	-	-	19	5	-	8	28
15–18 June	OBW	8	42		4	10	-	3	16	11	-	3	26
10–11 June	PBS	13	50		4	10	w. AWS	-	15	5	-	3	35
9–11 June	TNS OBOP	6	50		4	12	-	2	13	10	-	3	37
1–4 June	CBOS	10	48		2	7	-	2	13	5	0	11	35
May	OBW	6	39		4	11	-	-	18	11	-	11	21
26–28 May	TNS OBOP	8	41		4	13	-	2	18	10	-	4	23
25 May	Demoskop	5	44		3	9	1	-	13	-	-	4	31
20 May	OBW	10	41		5	11	-	-	18	-	-	15	23
12–14 May	TNS OBOP	8	38		4	14	4	4	19	-	-	8	19
11–14 May	CBOS	7	46		3	9	3	2	13	5	-	18	33
12–13 May	PBS	11	56		5	9	-	-	15	-	-	4	41
10–12 May	Pentor	9	48	3	4	12	-	-	17	-	-	7	31
24 April	Demoskop	9	43		5	8	2	1	12	-	-	20	31
21–23 April	TNS OBOP	13	43		5	13	3	3	16	-	-	4	27
21 April	Primary Election in Nysa [ pl ]	7.6	46.6		3.0	4.4	-	6.7	16.6	-	-	11.2	30.0
7–9 April	TNS OBOP	10	46		5	12	5	2	14	-	-	6	32
6–9 April	CBOS	9	41		5	12	1	1	11	-	-	20	29
7–8 April	PBS	13	49		6	8	-	-	17	-	-	7	32
24–26 March	TNS OBOP	10	42		4	12	3	3	19	-	-	6	23
24–25 March	PBS	17	43		5	11	-	-	17	-	-	7	26
20–23 March	OBW	13	43		5	12	-	-	17	-	-	10	23
10–12 March	TNS OBOP	9	43		4	11	3	2	18	-	-	10	25
9–12 March	Demoskop	9	36	3	5	6	1	2	15	-	-	23	33
10–11 March	PBS	12	54		5	9	-	-	12	-	-	8	42
8–10 March	Pentor	10	49	3	5	9	2	1	16	-	-	5	33
2–5 March	CBOS	9	44		6	7	2	1	12	-	-	20	32
10–12 February	TNS OBOP	10	40		4	12	3	3	21	-	-	8	19
9–10 February	Pentor	12	45	6	8	10	-	-	14	-	-	5	31
2–6 February	CBOS	9	38	4	6	11	1	0	16	-	-	16	22
27–29 January	TNS OBOP	13	39	3	5	9	3	3	17	-	-	7	22
27–28 January	PBS	14	46	5	5	10	-	-	17	-	-	3	29
January	Demoskop	8	39	-	7	10	-	-	-	-	-	36	29
13–15 January	TNS OBOP	12	45	3	7	14	5	2	-	-	-	12	31
12–14 January	Pentor	13	50	7	10	12	-	-	-	-	-	8	37
5–8 January	CBOS	13	41	4	8	11	2	1	-	-	-	20	28

2000

Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	SRP	Others/Undecided	Lead
Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link								Others/Undecided	Lead
2–4 December	Pentor	16	48	4	11	10	-	-	9	32
1–4 December	CBOS	13	41	4	9	10	2	1	21	28
25–26 November	PBS	17	49	4	11	8	2	-	9	32
18–20 November	TNS OBOP	16	44	2	11	12	4	3	8	28
10–13 November	CBOS	14	41	5	7	10	1	1	21	27
10–12 November	Pentor	14	52	5	10	9	-	-	10	38
11–12 November	PBS	17	51	5	10	8	-	-	9	34
28–30 October	TNS OBOP	14	38	3	9	13	8	3	12	24
13–16 October	CBOS	15	38	4	9	8	1	1	25	23
14–15 October	PBS	20	46	4	10	8	3	-	9	26
7–9 October	Pentor	20	46	6	9	11	-	-	8	26
October 8, 2000	Presidential elections	15.6	53.9	-	-	6.0	-	3.1	21.4	36.6
9–11 September	Pentor	17	50	3	7	13	-	-	10	33
9–10 September	PBS	20	48	-	9	7	-	-	16	28
1–4 September	CBOS	19	40	3	8	7	2	1	21	21
19–21 August	TNS OBOP	15	40	3	13	11	6	3	9	25
12–14 August	Pentor	15	49	5	7	14	-	-	10	34
5–7 August	TNS OBOP	14	43	3	9	12	6	3	10	29
4–7 August	CBOS	16	38	4	6	9	2	1	23	22
5–6 August	PBS	23	44	6	7	9	3	-	8	21
22–24 July	TNS OBOP	17	45	2	9	10	5	4	8	28
8–10 July	TNS OBOP	17	41	3	9	11	4	1	14	24
8–9 July	Pentor	21	47	5	10	8	-	-	8	26
8–9 July	PBS	21	44	6	9	10	4	-	6	23
29 June-4 July	CBOS	13	38	5	9	7	2	1	24	25
15–20 June	CBOS	15	34	5	10	8	1	1	26	19
10–12 June	TNS OBOP	17	42	4	8	9	7	3	10	25
10–11 June	PBS	19	42	7	13	9	3	-	7	23
1–6 June	CBOS	15	37	4	8	6	2	2	27	22
3–4 June	Pentor	13	45	6	11	13	-	-	12	32
27–29 May	TNS OBOP	16	43	3	13	7	4	3	11	27
20–22 May	TNS OBOP	15	40	3	14	10	4	4	10	25
11–16 May	CBOS	14	41	5	9	7	1	2	22	27
14–15 May	Pentor	16	48	4	11	10	-	-	11	32
13–15 May	TNS OBOP	14	40	6	9	10	5	5	11	26
13–14 May	PBS	16	44	6	11	12	-	-	11	28
15–17 April	TNS OBOP	17	38	4	11	10	7	6	7	21
8–10 April	Pentor	16	46	6	13	9	-	-	10	30
8–10 April	TNS OBOP	15	42	6	12	9	6	5	8	27
8–9 April	PBS	18	41	6	14	10	3	-	8	23
30 March-4 April	CBOS	15	38	6	7	7	3	1	24	23
1–3 April	TNS OBOP	18	40	3	11	10	5	4	9	22
19–21 March	TNS OBOP	17	42	2	12	7	3	5	12	25
11–13 March	Pentor	17	47	5	12	8	-	-	11	30
11–12 March	PBS	18	46	6	13	8	2	-	7	28
4–6 March	TNS OBOP	18	37	4	11	11	5	4	10	19
1–8 March	CBOS	16	37	5	7	8	2	1	24	21
12–14 February	Pentor	17	45	5	12	12	-	-	11	28
12–13 February	PBS	19	44	6	12	9	3	-	7	25
3–8 February	CBOS	16	36	5	10	10	1	1	21	20
29–31 January	TNS OBOP	20	42	3	9	8	4	4	10	22
13–18 January	CBOS	16	35	3	11	10	2	1	23	19
15–17 January	Pentor	16	42	6	14	9	-	-	13	26
15–17 January	TNS OBOP	19	42	4	10	8	4	4	9	23
15–16 January	PBS	21	40	6	12	10	2	-	9	19

1999

Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	SRP	Others/Undecided	Lead
Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link								Others/Undecided	Lead
11–13 December	TNS OBOP	16	43	2	12	10	5	4	8	27
1–7 December	CBOS	20	38	4	8	7	2	1	21	18
4–5 December	PBS	20	42	6	12	9	2	-	9	22
27–29 November	TNS OBOP	15	39	4	11	9	5	4	13	24
13–15 November	TNS OBOP	23	33	4	11	11	3	2	13	10
10–15 November	CBOS	20	31	4	10	9	3	1	23	11
6–7 November	PBS	21	43	8	10	8	2	-	8	22
5–11 October	CBOS	17	35	5	10	7	3	1	21	18
9–10 October	PBS	21	41	7	11	9	2	-	9	20
2–4 October	TNS OBOP	23	32	4	10	10	3	7	11	9
18–20 September	TNS OBOP	20	35	5	13	7	6	4	10	15
8–14 September	CBOS	17	33	6	10	8	2	2	22	16
11–12 September	PBS	19	40	7	12	9	4,2	-	8,8	21
4–6 September	TNS OBOP	20	36	4	13	7	4	2	14	16
14–15 August	PBS	23	36	5	11	11	4	-	10	13
4–10 August	CBOS	16	34	5	9	11	2	1	23	18
7–13 July	CBOS	20	33	4	7	8	3	1	24	13
10–11 July	PBS	23	37	6	12	9	4	0	9	14
16–22 June	CBOS	24	31	6	9	9	3	2	18	7
June	Demoskop	19	34	6	15	12	4	-	10	15
19–21 June	TNS OBOP	25	34	4	11	8	4	3	11	9
12–13 June	PBS	25	37	6	13	9	-	-	10	12
29–31 May	TNS OBOP	22	34	3	12	8	3	3	15	12
6–12 May	CBOS	22	30	4	10	8	3	2	22	8
8–9 May	PBS	27	38	6	11	8	3	0	7	11
17–19 April	TNS OBOP	25	31	3	13	8	4	3	13	6
8–13 April	CBOS	23	28	3	7	11	3	2	22	5
10–11 April	PBS	29	36	5	10	7	3	2	8	7
30–31 March	TNS OBOP	24	30	6	13	6	5	4	12	6
13–14 March	PBS	26	35	6	12	7	3	3	8	9
4–9 March	CBOS	22	28	5	9	9	4	2	22	6
6–8 March	TNS OBOP	20	33	3	14	11	5	4	10	13
20–22 February	TNS OBOP	26	29	5	10	12	3	4	11	3
13–14 February	PBS	30	29	6	12	9	-	-	14	1
4–9 February	CBOS	22	29	7	15	11	3	-	14	7
6–8 February	TNS OBOP	25	27	4	14	9	6	-	9	2
30–31 January	PBS	29	33	5	13	8	2	-	10	4
23–26 January	TNS OBOP	30	29	3	15	12	3	-	8	1
16–17 January	PBS	30	32	4	13	9	3	-	9	2
6–12 January	CBOS	28	27	7	11	9	2	-	17	1
8–11 January	TNS OBOP	29	28	5	14	11	3	-	10	1

1998

Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	Others/Undecided	Lead
Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link							Others/Undecided	Lead
12–13 December	PBS	29	31	6	14	8	2	10	2
5–8 December	TNS OBOP	31	28	5	13	10	4	9	3
3–8 December	CBOS	29	28	6	12	9	3	12	1
21–22 November	PBS	33	32	4	13	8	2	8	1
7–10 November	TNS OBOP	34	30	3	12	9	3	9	4
5–9 November	CBOS	28	30	3	12	8	3	16	2
15–20 October	CBOS	38	29	4	7	8	2	11	9
17–18 October	PBS	33	32	5	12	6	2	10	1
3–5 October	TNS OBOP	31	28	4	11	9	4	13	3
17–22 September	CBOS	23	28	8	12	8	4	16	5
19–20 September	PBS	29	29	7	12	9	-	14	Tie
5–8 September	TNS OBOP	27	31	5	14	7	5	11	4
14–19 August	CBOS	25	22	6	13	10	4	19	3
8–17 August	TNS OBOP	28	28	5	14	7	5	13	Tie
15–16 August	PBS	29.1	28.3	7.1	13.9	5.7	3.8	12.5	0.8
16–21 July	CBOS	20	31	9	13	6	3	18	11
18–19 July	PBS	30	27	7	15	8	3	10	3
17–23 June	CBOS	25	24	8	15	7	3	18	1
20–21 June	PBS	33	29	6	14	5	5	8	4
6–9 June	TNS OBOP	30	24	7	13	8	6	12	6
20–28 May	CBOS	27	27	8	12	6	4	16	Tie
16–17 May	PBS	31	31	6	14	3	-	9	Tie
8–11 May	TNS OBOP	30	24	6	13	7	6	14	6
16–21 April	CBOS	30	24	8	14	8	3	14	6
18–19 April	PBS	30	30	9	14	6	-	11	Tie
4–7 April	TNS OBOP	27	28	8	12	9	5	11	1
12–17 March	CBOS	29	21	6	14	10	5	15	8
14–15 March	PBS	32	26	8	16	8	4	6	6
7–10 March	TNS OBOP	28	28	5	15	7	4	13	Tie
19–24 February	CBOS	32	25	6	15	8	5	9	7
14–15 February	PBS	29	29	8	15	6	4	4	Tie
7–10 February	TNS OBOP	33	26	7	11	9	4	10	7
February	Demoskop	28	25	8	13	6	5	15	3
16–20 January	CBOS	28	27	8	15	7	3	11	1
10–13 January	TNS OBOP	34	25	7	14	6	4	10	9
10–11 January	PBS	32	32	7	14	6	5	4	Tie

1997

Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	SRP	Others/Undecided	Lead
Dates of Polling	Polling Firm/Link								Others/Undecided	Lead
6–7 December	PBS	32	28	7	16	5	4	-	8	4
December	TNS OBOP	35	24	8	13	6	4	-	10	11
15–16 November	PBS	36	25	6	16	5	4	-	8	11
November	TNS OBOP	40	20	4	15	7	4	-	10	20
21 September 1997	Election results	33.8	27.1	4.7	13.4	7.3	5.6	0.1	8	6.7

Seat projections

Date	Polling firm	AWS	SLD	UP	UW	PSL	ROP	SRP	PO	PiS	LPR	MN	Others
Date	Polling firm												Others
23 September 2001	Election results	0	216		0	42	2^{[lower-alpha 1]}	53	65	44	36^{[lower-alpha 1]}	2	0
19–20 September	TNS OBOP	0	239		0	60	0	43	69	36	11	2	0
18 September	TNS OBOP	0	220		0	64	0	44	79	40	11	2	0
September	PBS	34	244		19	43	0	16	74	29	0	1	0
13–14 September	TNS OBOP	0	259		0	60	0	10	78	42	9	2	0
8–11 September	TNS OBOP	0	279		0	49	0	19	70	41	0	2	0
4 September	TNS OBOP	39	271		0	44	0	0	65	39	0	2	0
30 August	TNS OBOP	43	250		0	63	0	0	61	41	0	2	0
19–22 August	TNS OBOP	43	245		0	60	0	0	69	41	0	2	0
15–16 August	TNS OBOP	43	249		0	61	0	0	78	27	0	2	0
2–5 August	TNS OBOP	0	270		0	85	0	0	64	41	0	0	0
26–29 July	TNS OBOP	0	275		0	64	0	0	80	41	0	0	0
19–22 July	TNS OBOP	49	241		0	69	0	0	79	22	0	0	0
7–9 July	TNS OBOP	0	229		20	84	0	0	90	37	0	0	0
23–25 June	TNS OBOP	0	250		0	64	0	0	103	43	0	0	0
9–11 June	TNS OBOP	0	278		0	64	0	0	69	49	0	0	0
26–28 May	TNS OBOP	37	215		0	64	w. AWS	0	95	49	0	0	0
20 May	OBW	56	234		13	57	0	0	96	0	0	2	0
12–14 May	TNS OBOP	43	224		0	85	0	0	108	0	0	0	0
21–23 April	TNS OBOP	67	231		12	66	0	0	84	0	0	0	0
24–26 March	TNS OBOP	53	234		0	69	0	0	104	0	0	0	0
10–12 March	TNS OBOP	44	239		0	63	0	0	102	0	0	0	12
10–12 February	TNS OBOP	31	252		0	59	0	0	118	0	0	0	0
21 September 1997	Election results	201	164	0	60	27	6	0	0	0	0	2	0

1 2 The Movement for Reconstruction of Poland did not run lists in this election, but two of its members were elected from the League of Polish Families' lists.

Senate

Date	Polling firm	SLD	Senate 2001	PSL	SRP	LPR	Others	Lead
Date	Polling firm						Others	Lead
23 September 2001	Election results	38,7%	24,3%	13,5%	4,3%	4,1%	15,1%	14,4% over Senate 2001
19–20 September	TNS OBOP	43%	25%	12%	10%	7%	3%	18% over Senate 2001
18 September	TNS OBOP	43%	25%	12%	8%	7%	5%	18% over Senate 2001
13–14 September	TNS OBOP	46%	25%	12%	5%	7%	5%	21% over Senate 2001
8–11 September	TNS OBOP	49%	24%	11%	5%	5%	6%	25% over Senate 2001
6–7 September	TNS OBOP	46%	24%	15%	3%	6%	6%	22% over Senate 2001
4 September	TNS OBOP	49%	22%	15%	2%	5%	7%	27% over Senate 2001

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Poland has a multi-party political system. On the national level, Poland elects the head of state – the president – and a legislature. There are also various local elections, referendums and elections to the European Parliament.

The Silesian Autonomy Movement, abbreviated as RAŚ, is a movement officially declaring its support for the autonomy of Silesia as part of a unified Europe. The association was founded in January 1990 by Rudolf Kołodziejczyk and is based in the Polish part of Upper Silesia. RAŚ sees the Silesians as a "separate nation" rather than primarily as Poles, Germans or Czechs.

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 January 1947, the first since World War II. According to the official results, the Democratic Bloc, dominated by the communist Polish Workers Party (PPR) and also including the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), People's Party (SL), Democratic Party (SD) and non-partisan candidates officially received 80% of the vote and 394 of the 444 seats in the Legislative Sejm. The largest opposition party, the Polish People's Party, was officially credited with 28 seats. However, the elections were characterized by violence; anti-communist opposition candidates and activists were persecuted by the Volunteer Reserve Militia (ORMO). The elections were heavily manipulated, and the opposition claimed that it would have won in a landslide had the election been conducted in a fair manner.

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 16 April 1961. They were the third elections to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and fourth in Communist Poland.

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 26 October 1952. They were the first elections to the Sejm, the parliament of the Polish People's Republic. The official rules for the elections were outlined in the new Constitution of the Polish People's Republic and lesser acts. The Front of National Unity received 99.8% of the vote and won every seat in the Sejm, a result that was to be repeated in parliamentary elections until 1989.

Presidential elections were held in Poland on 20 June 2010. As no candidate received a majority of votes in the first round, a second round was held on 4 July 2010. Bronisław Komorowski, the acting President of Poland and vice-chairman of the Civic Platform, defeated Jarosław Kaczyński, twin brother of recently deceased President Lech Kaczyński and chairman of Law and Justice (PiS). The global financial crisis, flooding in Poland and the Smolensk disaster were the main themes in the last months of the election campaign.

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 21 October 2007, after the Sejm voted for its own dissolution on 7 September. The election took place two years before the maximum tenure of four years, with the previous elections having been in September 2005. The early elections were a result of serious allegations of massive corruption on the part of Andrzej Lepper, leader of the Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland, whose party served as a junior coalition partner to the government of Prime Minister Jarosław Kaczyński. All 460 seats in the Sejm and all 100 seats in the Senate were up for election.

National Party of Retirees and Pensioners is a minor left-wing political party in Poland. The main goal of KPEiR is protecting retired seniors, pensioners and trust-busting. The current leader is former Sejm Member Tomasz Mamiński.

The 2009 European Parliament election in Poland was the election of the delegation from Poland to the European Parliament in 2009 which took place on 7 June 2009. On 13 February the Sejm accepted a proposal for an amendment to the electoral court act to allow voting for the European Parliament election of 2009 to take place over 2 days i.e. the 6 and 7 June 2009. However, on 5 March, the proposal was referred to the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland by the Polish President, Lech Kaczyński. The Polish electorate elected 50 MEPs. In the 27 EU Member States, at total of 736 MEPs were elected from 4–7 June 2009.

The Party of Regions was a left-wing Polish non-parliamentary political party created in November 2007 and registered in February 2008. The Party of Regions was created by former members of Self-Defence and the Democratic Left Alliance after the parliamentary election in 2007, when Self-Defence support collapsed to far less than the 5% electoral threshold giving them no seats in the new legislature. Founders of the grouping included Krzysztof Filipek, Danuta Hojarska and Bolesław Borysiuk. For failure to disclose their financial records for the year 2015, they were struck off in early 2017.

Libertas Poland was a political party in Poland. It contended the 2009 European Parliament elections under a common banner with Libertas Party Limited, the organization founded by Declan Ganley.

The 2014 European Parliament election in Poland elected the delegation from Poland to the European Parliament. It took place on 25 May 2014. The Polish electorate will elect 51 MEPs, compared to 50 in the 2009 election.. The number of MEPs is a result of the 2013 reapportionment of seats in the European Parliament. This means that Poland will have 6% of the total seats in the European Parliament.

The Polish Communist Party, or the Communist Party of Poland, is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Poland founded in 2002 claiming to be the historical and ideological heir of the Communist Party of Poland, Polish Workers' Party and the Polish United Workers' Party.

Party X was a political party in Poland. The party was founded shortly after the 1990 presidential elections by Stanisław Tymiński, a dark horse candidate who received the second highest number of votes in the first round, qualifying for the second round and challenging, albeit unsuccessfully, popular trade union activist Lech Wałęsa. Party X was Tymiński's personal party and sought to emulate his populist rhetoric, presenting itself as an anti-establishment outsider party. The party proposed a new economic system in Poland called "labour capitalism" based on rejecting the influence and capital of both the United States and Russia in favour of reinforcing the 'economic sovereignty' of Poland and turning Poland into a 'utopia of smallholders' through a modernisation program. At the same time, it criticised neoliberalism and deregulation.

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 13 October 2019. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The ruling Law and Justice (PiS) retained its majority in the Sejm, but lost its majority in the Senate to the opposition. With 43.6% of the popular vote, Law and Justice received the highest vote share by any party since Poland returned to democracy in 1989. The turnout was the highest for a parliamentary election since the first free elections after the fall of communism in 1989. For the first time after 1989, the ruling party controlled one house, while the opposition controlled the other.

Presidential elections were held in Poland on 28 June 2020. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round was held on 12 July, in which incumbent president Andrzej Duda, running with the support of Law and Justice, faced off against Civic Platform vice-chairman and Mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski. In the second round Duda was re-elected for a second term with 51% of the vote, becoming the first incumbent to win re-election since Aleksander Kwaśniewski in 2000.

The Civic Coalition is a catch-all political alliance currently ruling in Poland. The alliance was formed around Civic Platform in opposition to the then-ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party.

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[ROP-1] 1 2 The Movement for Reconstruction of Poland did not run lists in this election, but two of its members were elected from the League of Polish Families' lists.

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