| Orthochilus ensatus | |
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| Species: | O. ensatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Orthochilus ensatus (Lindl.) Bytebier | |
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Orthochilus ensatus is a species of orchid, occurring from Mozambique to South Africa. It was previously known as Eulophia ensata until recently transferred to the genus Orthochilus. [1]
Eulophia, commonly known as corduroy orchids, is a genus of about two hundred species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Most Eulophia orchids are terrestrial but some are deciduous while others are evergreen. They either have an underground rhizome or pseudobulbs on the surface and those species with leaves have them on the end of a fleshy stem. The flowers are arranged on a thin flowering spike, the flowers having sepals which are larger than the petals. The genus is widely distributed but most species are found in Africa and Asia, usually growing in shady places with grass or shrubs in forests.
Eulophia andamanensis is an orchid found to occur among the Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands (off the east coast of India and also in the north-western tip of Langkawi island in Malaysia.The occurrence of this ground orchid in Andaman Islands is restricted to some isolated pockets of certain islands and rare. Living collections of this taxon from the Andaman Islands is under ex situ conservation outside the islands at the Field Gene Bank of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India. It is a pre-tsunami accession.
Orthochilus is a genus of orchids that consists of at least 34 species, most of which are native to Africa and Madagascar with a few species in tropical and subtropical America. The genus was first formally described in 1850 by the French botanist Achille Richard, who cited an earlier suggestion by the German botanist Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter. Richard recognized a single species, Orthochilus abyssinicus, and noted that the genus shared many features with the closely related genus Eulophia, but differed from it in the form of the pollen masses and caudicule, a stalk to which the pollen masses are attached. The genus Orthochilus has often been viewed as a synonym of the larger genus Eulophia by many botanists, but a recent molecular phylogeny published in 2014 revealed that Eulophia, as traditionally circumscribed, was paraphyletic unless Orthochilus was recognized as a separate genus.
Eulophia guineensis is a species of orchid. It is the type species of the genus Eulophia and is commonly known as the Guinea Eulophia or the broad-Leaved ground orchid. It is found in the Cape Verde Islands, much of tropical Africa and part of the Arabian Peninsula. It is a terrestrial orchid that can grow to a metre or so tall, and is found in lowland and upland woods and scrubland.
Eulophia pulchra, commonly known as the gonzo orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is native to areas from Tanzania and Mozambique to the Western Pacific Ocean. It is a terrestrial orchid with crowded, above-ground pseudobulbs, two or three leaves and pale yellowish green flowers with dull purple or red markings. It grows in plant litter in rainforests.
Orthochilus mechowii is a species of orchid. It occurs from Nigeria to Western Ethiopia and South Africa. It was previously known as Eulophia mechowii until recently transferred back to the genus Orthochilus.
Eulophia meleagris is an orchid species in the genus Eulophia found in East Cape Province to KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.
Oeceoclades, collectively known as the monk orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is related to Eulophia and like that genus is mostly terrestrial in habit. A few species extend into very arid environments, unusual for an orchid.
Eulophiinae is an orchid subtribe in the tribe Cymbidieae. It comprises 270 species divided into nine genera, with the genus Eulophia comprising 60% of these species.
Orthochilus ecristatus, or giant orchid, is a terrestrial species of orchid native to Cuba and to the southeastern United States. It was previously known as Eulophia ecristata or Pteroglossaspis ecristata until recently transferred to the genus Orthochilus. This is one of several species known as a "giant orchid".
Oeceoclades calcarata is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to Madagascar. It was first described by the British botanist Robert Allen Rolfe in 1905 as Eulophia paniculata. The German botanist Rudolf Schlechter later described this species as Cymbidium calcaratum in 1915 and then transferred his own taxon to the genus Eulophia in 1925. When Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor revised the genus Oeceoclades in 1976, they transferred this species to the expanded Oeceoclades as O. calcarata because even though Eulophia paniculata was the older name and thus had priority, there had already been an earlier species named Oeceoclades paniculata that prevented using that specific epithet.
Oeceoclades lanceata is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to central Madagascar. The flowers are rose-colored. It was first described by the French botanist Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1935 as Eulophia lanceata. Perrier then later reduced the species to a synonym of Eulophia pandurata. The species was resurrected and transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor, who argued that O. lanceata and O. pandurata are distinct with regard to their floral structure and shape of the labellum. Garay and Taylor noted that O. lanceata is similar in vegetative morphology to O. seychellarum.
Oeceoclades lonchophylla is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is native to Tanzania, Mozambique, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and Comoros. It was first described by the German botanist Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach in 1885 as Eulophia lonchophylla, then moved to the genus Eulophidium by Rudolf Schlechter in 1925 and to the genus Lissochilus by Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1941. It was last transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor. Garay and Taylor also reduced the species Eulophia tainioides to a synonym of O. lonchophylla for lack of distinguishing characteristics that could separate the two species.
Oeceoclades lubbersiana is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. It was first described by the Belgian botanists Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman and Émile Laurent in 1899 as Eulophia lubbersiana, then moved to the genus Eulophidium by V.S. Summerhayes in 1957 and again transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor. Garay and Taylor noted that this species is similar to O. atrovirens in vegetative morphology, but is better allied to O. latifolia and O. pandurata because all three possess a labellum that is wider than it is long. Oeceoclades lubbersiana was named in honor of Louis Lubbers, who was a botanist working at the Botanical Garden of Brussels.
Oeceoclades perrieri is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is native to Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar. It was first described by the German botanist Rudolf Schlechter in 1913 as Eulophia ambongensis. Schlechter had also described a separate species, Eulophidium ambongense in the same 1913 work. When Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor resurrected and revised the genus Oeceoclades in 1976, these two taxa caused a naming conflict, so they chose to use Eulophidium ambongense as the basionym for O. ambongensis and reduced Eulophia ambongensis to a synonym of O. perrieri, which was based on the basionym Eulophidium perrieri that Schlechter had also described later in 1925. Both Eulophidium perrieri and Eulophia ambongensis were conspecific, belonging to the same species, so Garay and Taylor were free to use the later name as the base for their new combination when transferring taxa to Oeceoclades. Garay and Taylor noted that this species is related to O. quadriloba, O. sclerophylla, and O. analavelensis but can be distinguished from them by its characteristic long strap-like leaves that taper to a point.
Oeceoclades ambrensis is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to northern Madagascar, where it grows in humid forests at altitudes of 1,000–1,100 metres (3,300–3,600 ft). It was first described by the French botanist Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1951 as Lissochilus ambrensis and moved to the genus Eulophia in 1975 by Friedhelm Reinhold Butzin. It was last transferred to the genus Oeceoclades in 2001 by Jean Marie Bosser and Philippe Morat. The type specimen was collected in 1924 from montagne d'Ambre, now a part of Amber Mountain National Park. The pseudobulbs are fusiform (spindle-shaped) and homoblastic. Oeceoclades ambrensis is most similar to O. pulchra but it differs in the structure of the labellum, having rounded lobes.
Oeceoclades beravensis is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to the southern and western Madagascar where it grows in the sandy soils of western dry forests and wooded grasslands. This species has cane-like stems and forms dense clumps in the understorey, a feature that makes it unique among the Eulophiinae species found in Madagascar. Like other orchid species in Eulophia and Oeceoclades that are adapted to arid climates, O. beravensis has narrow and coriaceous leaves with minute serrations.
Oeceoclades versicolor is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to Réunion in the Indian Ocean. In 1880, the French botanist Charles Frappier published a list of 145 orchids that grew on the island of Réunion, but Frappier died before he could complete his studies and formally describe all of the species. Frappier's work was continued by Eugène Jacob de Cordemoy and in his 1895 work "Flore de l'île de La Réunion", he described Eulophia versicolor and attributed the name to Frappier, although the name did not appear on the 1880 list of Réunion's orchids.
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