Our Lady of Fatima Church | |
---|---|
Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of Fatima | |
51°46′37″N0°06′40″E / 51.7769°N 0.1111°E | |
OS grid reference | TL457108 |
Location | Harlow, Essex |
Country | England |
Denomination | Roman Catholic |
Website | |
History | |
Status | Parish church |
Architecture | |
Functional status | Active |
Heritage designation | Grade II* listed |
Designated | 20 December 2000 |
Architect(s) | Gerard Goalen |
Style | Modernist |
Groundbreaking | 1958 |
Completed | 1960 |
Construction cost | £48,500 |
Specifications | |
Capacity | 500 |
Administration | |
Province | Westminster |
Diocese | Brentwood |
Our Lady of Fatima's Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Harlow, Essex, England. It was designed between 1953 and 1954 by Gerard Goalen and was one of the earliest churches in England where the design was influenced by the Liturgical Movement. Construction did not begin until 1958 and the church was consecrated in 1960. Notable for its highly decorated interior, the church contains examples of dalle de verre glasswork, which are considered the first major instance of the style in Britain. This work was undertaken by Dom Charles Norris of Buckfast Abbey. Goalen designed the church in a Modernist style, influenced by European examples. It is a Grade II* listed building.
In the immediate post-war period, a number of new towns were developed to assist with reconstruction, in particular rehousing. Harlow was so designated in 1947. [1] Development was led by Frederick Gibberd who initially engaged Gerard Goalen to work on the development of industrial estates on the outskirts of the town. In 1954 Gibberd asked Goalen to design a Catholic church but delays in approval both from the Catholic Church and the local council meant that construction did not begin until 1958. The church was completed by 1960. [2]
An image of the church was used on the cover for the 1998 album, Brothers Gonna Work It Out by The Chemical Brothers. [3] The church was closed for repairs in the early 21st century, the parish raising substantial sums for the restoration of the interior. As of 2023, some £300,000 in funding was required to restore the roof and replace the spire which was earlier removed on safety grounds. [3] [4] The church remains an active parish church in the deanery of West Essex within the Diocese of Brentwood. [5]
Goalen's designs for the Church of Our Lady drew on Continental examples; the Église Notre-Dame du Raincy in France and Karl Moser's Kirche St Anton in Basel, Switzerland being the most direct influences. [2] [lower-alpha 1] His other main influence was the thinking of the Liturgical Movement, which sought to break down barriers between worshippers and priests; to this end Goalen set out the church on a T-plan, and placed the altar in the centre of the congregation. [6] The church was built using reinforced concrete and Surrey stock bricks. [7]
The interior of the church is notable particularly for its dalle de verre glasswork. The technique, developed in France, uses thickened glass to create depth of colour and was pioneered in Britain by Dom Charles Norris of Buckfast Abbey. His work at Our Lady of Fatima was the first of some 250 commissions for similar schemes in churches across Britain. [7] The glasswork covers some 60 per cent of the church's interior walling, creating what The Twentieth Century Society described as a "kaleidoscopic [effect of] glorious colour and light". [8] The society's senior casework officer, Clare Price, wrote that Our Lady's was a "pioneer of a unified scheme of dalle de verre glass and modern design". [9] The statue of Christ to the right of the altar was designed by Daphne Hardy Henrion. [10]
The church was designated a Grade II listed building in 2000, its grading being raised to Grade II* in 2023. [11] Historic England's listing record describes the church as "a striking piece of modernist architecture". [12]
Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral, officially known as the Metropolitan Cathedral of Christ the King and locally nicknamed "Paddy's Wigwam", is the seat of the Archbishop of Liverpool and the mother church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Liverpool in Liverpool, England. The Grade II* Metropolitan Cathedral is one of Liverpool's many listed buildings.
Harlow is a town and local government district located in the west of Essex, England. Founded as a new town, it is situated on the border with Hertfordshire, Harlow occupies a large area of land on the south bank of the upper Stort Valley, which has been made navigable through other towns and features a canal section near its watermill.
Sir Frederick Ernest Gibberd CBE was an English architect, town planner and landscape designer. He is particularly known for his work in Harlow, Essex, and for the BISF house, a design for a prefabricated council house that was widely adopted in post-war Britain.
The Cathedral of St Mary and St Helen is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Brentwood, Essex, England. It is the seat of the Diocese of Brentwood.
The Liturgical Movement was a 19th-century and 20th-century movement of scholarship for the reform of worship. It began in the Catholic Church and spread to many other Christian churches including the Anglican Communion, Lutheran and some other Protestant churches.
Gabriel Loire was a French stained glass artist of the twentieth century whose extensive works, portraying various persons or historical scenes, appear in many venues around the world. He founded the Loire Studio in Chartres, France which continues to produce stained glass windows. Loire was a leader in the modern use of "slab glass", which is much thicker and stronger than the stained glass technique of the Middle Ages. The figures in his windows are mostly Impressionistic in style.
Hugh Christopher Budd was a British Roman Catholic prelate who served as the 8th Bishop of Plymouth.
The Church of Our Lady of the Assumption and the English Martyrs, also known as the Church of Our Lady and the English Martyrs (OLEM), is an English Roman Catholic parish church located at the junction of Hills Road and Lensfield Road in southeast Cambridge. It is a large Gothic Revival church built between 1885 and 1890, and is a Grade I listed building.
The Church of the Good Shepherd is a Roman Catholic church in Woodthorpe, Nottinghamshire. It is a Grade II* listed building.
Dalle de verre, from French: "glass slab", is a glass art technique that uses pieces of coloured glass set in a matrix of concrete and epoxy resin or other supporting material.
Our Lady Immaculate Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Chelmsford, Essex, England. It was founded in 1845, opened in 1847 and designed by Joseph John Scoles. It is situated on New London Road, next to Our Lady Immaculate Primary School, close to the junction with Anchor Street, in the city centre.
St Helen's Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Westcliff-on-Sea in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England. It was founded in 1862 and built in 1867. Further extensions were made to the church from 1898 to 1903, designed by Alexander Scoles. It is situated on Milton Road near to the corner of St Helen's Road, next to St Bernard's High School. It is a Gothic Revival church, the first post-Reformation Catholic church to be built in Southend and a Grade II listed building.
St Richard of Chichester Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Chichester, West Sussex, England. The church was built in 1958 and contains the largest scheme of stained glass by Gabriel Loire in the United Kingdom. The church is situated on Market Avenue on the corner of Cawley Road, next to St Richard's Catholic Primary School. It is a Grade II listed building.
Gerard Thomas Goalen was a British architect who specialised in church architecture and was influenced by continental models and the Liturgical Movement. He was one of the most important architects of the Catholic Modernist movement in the United Kingdom during the 20th century.
Charles Norris OSB (1909–2004) was a Benedictine monk and dalle de verre stained glass artist who created works for Roman Catholic churches in the UK.
George Mathers was an architect, most notable for the Grade II listed Marychurch in Old Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England. He was also a conscientious objector jailed twice for his pacifist stance during the Second World War.
Angela Godfrey is an English sculptor and Member of the Royal Society of Sculptors.
Francois Pierre Fourmaintraux (1896-1974) was a renowned glass artist who is credited with having introduced the dalle de verre technique to the UK and having taught other influential glass artists such as Dom Charles Norris.
The 1886 Church of Our Lady of Grace & St Edward, serving the Roman Catholic parish of Chiswick, stands on the south side of Chiswick High Road, on the corner with Duke's Avenue.
St Peter's Church or St Peter Apostle Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, England. It was built in 1864 and designed by Henry Clutton in the Gothic Revival style. It is located on Dormer Place, next to the Royal Pump Room Gardens. It is a Grade II listed building.