PPP2R5A

PPP2R5A
Identifiers
Aliases	PPP2R5A , B56A, PR61A, protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'alpha, B56alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 601643; MGI: 2388479; HomoloGene: 55961; GeneCards: PPP2R5A; OMA:PPP2R5A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1q32.3 Start 212,285,410 bp [1] End 212,361,853 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1|1 H6 Start 191,084,172 bp [2] End 191,135,469 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in monocyte rectum bone marrow subcutaneous adipose tissue Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis right lung blood right coronary artery Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii cervix epithelium Top expressed in granulocyte ankle joint esophagus muscle of thigh genital tubercle lip right kidney tail of embryo neural layer of retina superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function kinase binding protein binding protein phosphatase regulator activity phosphoprotein phosphatase activity protein phosphatase activator activity Cellular component cytoplasm M band protein phosphatase type 2A complex Z discdkac chromosome, centromeric region membrane nucleus chromosome cytosol centrosome Biological process negative regulation of lipid kinase activity positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation signal transduction negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane protein dephosphorylation regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity regulation of protein autophosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5525 226849 Ensembl ENSG00000066027 ENSMUSG00000026626 UniProt Q15172 Q6PD03 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006243 NM_001199756 NM_144880 RefSeq (protein) NP_001186685 NP_006234 NP_659129 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 212.29 – 212.36 Mb Chr 1: 191.08 – 191.14 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R5A gene. ^[5]

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family. Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the regulatory subunit B56 subfamily. ^[6]

Interactions

PPP2R5A has been shown to interact with:

• AXIN1, ^[7]
• CTLA-4, ^[8]
• PPP2CA, ^{[9] [10]}
• PPP2R1A, ^{[9] [11]}
• PPP2R1B, ^{[9] [11] [10] [12]} and
• PPP2R5C ^[12]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000066027 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026626 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. McCright B, Virshup DM (Nov 1995). "Identification of a new family of protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (44): 26123–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.44.26123 . PMID   7592815.
6. "Entrez Gene: PPP2R5A protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform".
7. Yamamoto H, Hinoi T, Michiue T, Fukui A, Usui H, Janssens V, Van Hoof C, Goris J, Asashima M, Kikuchi A (Jul 2001). "Inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway by the PR61 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (29): 26875–82. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M100443200 . PMID   11297546.
8. Baroja ML, Vijayakrishnan L, Bettelli E, Darlington PJ, Chau TA, Ling V, Collins M, Carreno BM, Madrenas J, Kuchroo VK (May 2002). "Inhibition of CTLA-4 function by the regulatory subunit of serine/threonine phosphatase 2A". Journal of Immunology. 168 (10): 5070–8. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.5070 . PMID   11994459.
9. Goudreault M, D'Ambrosio LM, Kean MJ, Mullin MJ, Larsen BG, Sanchez A, Chaudhry S, Chen GI, Sicheri F, Nesvizhskii AI, Aebersold R, Raught B, Gingras AC (Jan 2009). "A PP2A phosphatase high density interaction network identifies a novel striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex linked to the cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (CCM3) protein". Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 8 (1): 157–71. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M800266-MCP200 . PMC   2621004 . PMID   18782753.
10. McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). "The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081 . PMID   8703017.
11. Zhou J, Pham HT, Ruediger R, Walter G (Jan 2003). "Characterization of the Aalpha and Abeta subunit isoforms of protein phosphatase 2A: differences in expression, subunit interaction, and evolution". The Biochemical Journal. 369 (Pt 2): 387–98. doi:10.1042/BJ20021244. PMC   1223084 . PMID   12370081.
12. Strack S, Ruediger R, Walter G, Dagda RK, Barwacz CA, Cribbs JT (Jun 2002). "Protein phosphatase 2A holoenzyme assembly: identification of contacts between B-family regulatory and scaffolding A subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (23): 20750–5. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M202992200 . PMID   11929880.

Further reading

• Andersen JL, Planelles V (Jan 2005). "The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis". Current HIV Research. 3 (1): 43–51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMID   15638722.
• Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle". Retrovirology. 2: 11. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-2-11 . PMC   554975 . PMID   15725353.
• Zhao RY, Elder RT (Mar 2005). "Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation". Cell Research. 15 (3): 143–9. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 . PMID   15780175.
• Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (Apr 2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses". The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID   15817944.
• Zolnierowicz S, Van Hoof C, Andjelković N, Cron P, Stevens I, Merlevede W, Goris J, Hemmings BA (Jul 1996). "The variable subunit associated with protein phosphatase 2A0 defines a novel multimember family of regulatory subunits". The Biochemical Journal. 317 (1): 187–94. doi:10.1042/bj3170187. PMC   1217462 . PMID   8694763.
• Fuhrer DK, Yang YC (Jul 1996). "Complex formation of JAK2 with PP2A, P13K, and Yes in response to the hematopoietic cytokine interleukin-11". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 224 (2): 289–96. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1023. PMID   8702385.
• McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). "The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081 . PMID   8703017.
• McCright B, Brothman AR, Virshup DM (Aug 1996). "Assignment of human protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit genes b56alpha, b56beta, b56gamma, b56delta, and b56epsilon (PPP2R5A-PPP2R5E), highly expressed in muscle and brain, to chromosome regions 1q41, 11q12, 3p21, 6p21.1, and 7p11.2 --> p12". Genomics. 36 (1): 168–70. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0438. PMID   8812429.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (Sep 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . PMID   8889548.
• Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, Cayla X, Roques BP, Ozon R (Jan 1997). "Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr". FEBS Letters. 401 (2–3): 197–201. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6 . PMID   9013886.
• Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (Nov 1997). "Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production". Virology. 238 (2): 432–43. doi: 10.1006/viro.1997.8873 . PMID   9400615.
• Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G (Jan 1999). "Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens". Journal of Virology. 73 (1): 839–42. doi:10.1128/JVI.73.1.839-842.1999. PMC   103900 . PMID   9847399.
• Seeling JM, Miller JR, Gil R, Moon RT, White R, Virshup DM (Mar 1999). "Regulation of beta-catenin signaling by the B56 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". Science. 283 (5410): 2089–91. doi:10.1126/science.283.5410.2089. PMID   10092233.
• Xu Z, Williams BR (Jul 2000). "The B56alpha regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A is a target for regulation by double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (14): 5285–99. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5285-5299.2000. PMC   85978 . PMID   10866685.
• Fleming I, Fisslthaler B, Dimmeler S, Kemp BE, Busse R (Jun 2001). "Phosphorylation of Thr(495) regulates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity". Circulation Research. 88 (11): E68–75. doi:10.1161/hh1101.092677. PMID   11397791. S2CID   86348254.
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, Zhu X, Yanagida M, Zhao Y (Sep 2001). "HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25". Virology. 287 (2): 359–70. doi: 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 . PMID   11531413.
• Galea MA, Eleftheriou A, Henderson BR (Dec 2001). "ARM domain-dependent nuclear import of adenomatous polyposis coli protein is stimulated by the B56 alpha subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (49): 45833–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M107149200 . PMID   11585828.
• Li X, Virshup DM (Jan 2002). "Two conserved domains in regulatory B subunits mediate binding to the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". European Journal of Biochemistry. 269 (2): 546–52. doi: 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02680.x . PMID   11856313.