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 Palestine |  Serbia |
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Palestine and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between the Palestine and SFR Yugoslavia in 1989. Relations have been close and friendly ever since.
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Palestine | Serbia |
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Palestine and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between the Palestine and SFR Yugoslavia in 1989. Relations have been close and friendly ever since.
The Yugoslavia under Josip Broz Tito had established diplomatic relations with Israel in 1948. After the Six-Day War in 1967, the Yugoslavia had cut off all diplomatic relations with Israel and did not restore them until 1991. Tito had strongly supported Yasser Arafat and the Palestine Liberation Organization. Yasser Arafat was one of the dignitaries who had visited Belgrade after the death of Tito on 8 May 1980. [1] Yugoslavia had recognized the State of Palestine in 1988 and had established full diplomatic relations with it in 1989. During the Yugoslav wars in the 1990s, Palestine had recognised the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (then Serbia and Montenegro) and all the other former Yugoslav republics.[ citation needed ]
In late 1999, during a time when Serbia was increasingly isolated internationally for its actions in the Yugoslav Wars, the Palestinian Authority invited Serbian President Slobodan Milošević to celebrate Orthodox Christmas in the city of Bethlehem in the West Bank. An Israeli spokesman said that Milošević would probably be detained if he entered most countries, including Israel, as he had been indicted by the International Criminal Court. [2] Milošević did not ultimately attend the ceremonies.
Tomislav Nikolić, President of Serbia, visited Palestine at the invitation of President Abu Mazen in 2013. [3]
President of Palestine Mahmoud Abbas visited Serbia accompanied by Riyad al-Maliki in 2015 and opened the embassy of Palestine in Belgrade, in the presence of the President of Serbia, Tomislav Nikolić. On that occasion, a memorandum of understanding was signed between the ministries of foreign affairs and was agreed to hold consultations on an annual basis, as well as the development of economic relations and the opening of cooperation programs in various sectors.
Serbian Foreign Minister Ivica Dačić visited the city of Bethlehem and met with Riyad al-Maliki in 2017. [4]
A parliamentary Palestinian-Serbian Friendship Committee between the National Assembly of Serbia and the Palestinian National Council was formed in 2020. The Friendship Committee was formed by members of the Serbian Parliament representing the ruling coalition parties: the Serbian Progressive Party, the Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party.
As part of the "World in Serbia" educational program, in the period 2009–2017 Serbia provided more than seventy scholarships for Palestine in various disciplines.
Serbia abstained from supporting seven successive UN General Assembly resolutions related to the Palestinian cause passed on 4 November 2020 shortly after the conclusion of the Kosovo–Serbia Economic Agreement in early September. [5] [6]
Serbia has voted in favor of Palestine on several occasions, including the UN General Assembly vote rejecting the United States' decision to move its embassy in Israel to Jerusalem. [7]
Palestine is strongly against the independence of Kosovo. In February 2008, two senior Palestinian officials representing the Mahmoud Abbas West Bank-controlling government, who also are part of the team negotiating with Israel, disagreed on what the Kosovo events implied for Palestine. Yasser Abed Rabbo said, "If things are not going in the direction of continuous and serious negotiations, then we should take the step and announce our independence unilaterally. Kosovo is not better than us. We deserve independence even before Kosovo, and we ask for the backing of the United States and the European Union for our independence". Saeb Erekat responded that the Palestine Liberation Organization had already declared independence in 1988. "Now we need real independence, not a declaration," said Erekat, "We need real independence by ending the occupation. We are not Kosovo. We are under Israeli occupation and for independence we need to acquire independence". [8]
After 2009 state visit to Serbia, President Mahmoud Abbas in a meeting with the Serbian President Boris Tadić, when discussing both the situations in the Middle East and Kosovo said, "We are looking for a way to resolve these problems in a peaceful way, by upholding international law. We cannot impose solutions nor can we accept imposed solutions. That is why we must negotiate". [9] [10] In September 2011, during the meeting of Foreign Ministers of the Non-Aligned Movement summit in Belgrade, the Palestinian Ambassador to the UN Riyad Mansour said that Palestine was a "typical foreign occupation which cannot be compared to the issue of Kosovo" as confirmed by international law and the UN. [11] [12]
In 2014 Palestinian Ambassador to Serbia Muhammad Nabhan said that "Kosovo has always been part of Serbia", that thus unlike Israel in the Palestinian territories, that Serbia has "never occupied Kosovo," and that "Palestinians support Serbia and still do". [13]
During the 2008–2009 Gaza War, Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić said "We are joining the voice of the whole world, which condemns the violence in Gaza, and we call for the stopping of missile attacks on Israel and Israeli attacks against the Gaza strip". [14] Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement saying "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia condemns attacks in the Gaza Strip, and calls for calming of military actions in which guiltless civilians are killed. The Republic of Serbia welcomes the decision of the U.N. Security Council and joins in with the rest of the world in condemning the violence in the Middle East. Republic of Serbia is committed to a peaceful resolution of all conflicts, and calls on both sides to stop the attacks which cause a humanitarian catastrophe." [15] President of the National Assembly Slavica Đukić Dejanović accepted a proposal of the Greek Parliament President for a regional conference aimed at ending the escalating violence in the Middle East. [16] After the 2010 Gaza flotilla raid, the Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned the excessive use of force which caused the deaths of innocent civilians. It also endorsed the UN Security Council's call for an immediate and impartial investigation into the incident. [17]
At the 2010 summit of Balkan countries in Istanbul, Serbia was one of the countries that strongly condemned Israel's attack on the aid flotilla as well as the loss of life. In 2011, Serbia voted to recognize Palestine as UNESCO's 195th member, against Israel's wishes. Belgrade declared that it would not have opposed a resolution recognizing Palestinian sovereignty, had one come before the UN General Assembly. [18] In 2012 Serbia voted in favor of United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19, making Palestine a non-member UN observer state, like the Vatican. [19]
During the 2014 Gaza War, Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić stated that Serbia respected the right of the state of Israel to existence and a peaceful life of its citizens, and expressed hope that the situation would be resolved peacefully and that everyday life would return to normal. [20]
During the Israel–Hamas war, Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić condemned the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. He stated that Serbia is against the killing of civilians and medical personnel and that both sides are friends and that Serbia will keep friendship with both of them. [21]
Serbia sent humanitarian aid, including food, medicine equipment, water and tents. Serbian Minister of Internal and External Trade Tomislav Momirović stated that Serbia stands in solidarity with innocent people who are victims of a tragic conflict. [22]
Mahmoud Abbas, also known by the kunya Abu Mazen, is a Palestinian politician who is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). He has been the chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since 2004, PNA president since January 2005, and State of Palestine president since May 2005. Abbas is also a member of the Fatah party and was elected chairman in 2009.
The Serbian Radical Party is a far-right, ultranationalist political party in Serbia. Founded in 1991, its co-founder, first and only leader is Vojislav Šešelj.
Boris Tadić is a Serbian politician who served as the president of Serbia from 2004 to 2012.
Vuk Jeremić is a Serbian politician and diplomat who served as the president of the United Nations General Assembly from 2012 to 2013 and as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Serbia from 2007 to 2012.
Relations between Serbia and the United States were first established in 1882, when Serbia was a kingdom. From 1918 to 2006, the United States maintained relations with the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), of which Serbia is considered shared (SFRY) or sole (FRY) legal successor.
Serbia–Ukraine relations are foreign relations between Serbia and Ukraine. Serbia, as a direct successor to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, recognized Ukraine on 15 April 1994. Diplomatic relations between Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia were established on 15 April 1994.
Kosovo unilaterally self proclaimed independence from Serbia in 2008, a move which Serbia strongly rejects. Serbia has not recognized Kosovo as an independent state and continues to claim it as the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. However, differences and disputes remain, while North Kosovo partially remains under Serbian influence. Initially there were no relations between the two; but in the following years there has been increased dialogue and cooperation between the two sides.
Israel and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between Israel and SFR Yugoslavia in 1948.
China and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between People's Republic of China and SFR Yugoslavia in 1955. In recent decades, the two countries have held a very close relationship raising it to the level of strategic partnership since 2009.
Pakistan–Palestine relations refer to the bilateral relations between Islamic Republic of Pakistan and State of Palestine. The Palestinian Authority established an embassy in Islamabad on 31 January 2017. Pakistan remains a staunch supporter of the proposal for the continuation of the native Palestinian state, and in line with its pro-Palestinian approach, does not recognize the State of Israel. However, the former President of Pakistan, Pervez Musharraf, stated that Pakistan will recognize Israel if the latter withdraws its forces from some of the occupied territories and allows the remaining Palestinian land to continue to exist, within the Green Line that served as the international border between the occupation force, Israel, and the Palestine from the First Arab–Israeli War of 1948 to the Third Arab–Israeli War of 1967. Pakistan frequently provides various forms of humanitarian aid to the Palestinian Authority.
The bilateral relations between the State of Palestine and Russia have a complex history, deeply interwoven with Russian and Soviet relations with the Israeli enterprise, Palestinian nationalism, and Third World national liberation movements. Between 1956 and 1990, Soviet–Palestinian relations were part of the then-ongoing Soviet–American confrontation.
China–Palestine relations, also referred to as Sino–Palestinian relations, encompass the long bilateral relationship between China and Palestine dating back from the early years of the Cold War.
Israel–Kosovo relations refer to bilateral relations between Israel and Kosovo. Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008. Israel and Kosovo agreed on 4 September 2020, as part of negotiations for the Kosovo and Serbia Economic Normalization agreements, to mutually recognize each other. It was initially reported that the mutual recognition had not yet gone into effect at that point, and Israel's recognition of Kosovo was expected to be formally declared "in the coming weeks". However, on 21 September the ambassador of Israel to Serbia, Yahel Vilan, confirmed that Israel had indeed recognized Kosovo on 4 September 2020. The two countries established diplomatic relations on 1 February 2021. On 14 March 2021 Kosovo officially opened its embassy in Jerusalem.
Relations between Indonesia and Palestine have been very close and friendly. Indonesia has refused to recognize the State of Israel until a peace agreement is reached between Israel and the State of Palestine. Indonesia has strongly stood up for the rights and freedoms of the Palestinians and has supported the struggles of the Palestinians.
The alliance between Algeria and Palestine is strong and enduring. Algeria is a supporter of the Middle East peace process and it has no diplomatic relations with Israel.
Marko Đurić is a Serbian politician and diplomat serving as the minister of foreign affairs since 2024. Prior to becoming a government minister, Đurić was the ambassador of Serbia to the United States of America since 8 October 2020, and the non-resident ambassador of Serbia to Colombia since 3 July 2021.
Brazil and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between Brazil and Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1938.
Kazakhstan and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established between Kazakhstan and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1996.
Bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Palestine are close and cordial. Bangladesh has been a consistent supporter of the Palestinians right to an independent state, and has no diplomatic relations with Israel. Furthermore, Bangladesh offers scholarships to young Palestinians, and the two countries co-operate on military affairs.
Palestine–Ukraine relations are bilateral relations between the State of Palestine and Ukraine. The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic recognized Palestinian independence on 19 November 1988. Palestine recognized Ukraine as a sovereign state in February 1992. On 2 November 2001, the two countries established diplomatic relations and the Palestinian embassy opened the same day. Ukraine has supported UN resolutions against Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories.But they are not on the best terms in the current global climate.
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see also: Foreign relations of Yugoslavia & Serbia and Montenegro | ||
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